Eighth edition lekma: Difference between revisions
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===A short introduction=== | ===A short introduction=== | ||
To know more of languages through a miniture language is the reason why lekma,/ | To know more of languages through a miniture language is the reason why lekma,/ˈleχmɐ/ has been/is being made. | ||
A sentence in lekma is consist of, an interjection/connective + adverbial phrase + agent x object x verb + adverbial phrase + a complement(subject/topic) x a particle(, is it? thing). | A sentence in lekma is consist of, an interjection/connective + adverbial phrase + agent x object x verb + adverbial phrase + a complement(subject/topic) x a particle(, is it? thing). | ||
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===Morpheme/Particle of nouns=== | ===Morpheme/Particle of nouns=== | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center" | ||
! | ! colspan="1" |{{blue|noun root}} | ||
! colspan="1" | | |||
! colspan="1" | | |||
! colspan="1" | | |||
! colspan="1" | | |||
! colspan="1" | | |||
! colspan="1" | | |||
! colspan="1" | | |||
|- | |||
! style="width: 90px; "| | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the agent of a transitive verb}} | ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the agent of a transitive verb}} | ||
! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the subject/locative of an intransitive verb}} | ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the subject/locative of an intransitive verb}} | ||
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| You | | You | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: center; "|* | ! style="text-align: center; "|*hhia/ɦiä/ | ||
| | | íasaé/ɦiänsäe/ | ||
| | | íanaé/ɦiänäe/ | ||
| | | hhia/ɦiä/ | ||
| | | ías/ɦiäs/ | ||
| | | íanaé,íansaé,ían/ɦiän/ | ||
| | | íans/ɦiäns/ | ||
| They | | They | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 236: | Line 245: | ||
| aenaé/ʔaenäe/ | | aenaé/ʔaenäe/ | ||
| àe/ʔae/ | | àe/ʔae/ | ||
| | | àes/ʔais/ | ||
| | | àensaé,àennaé,àen/ʔain/ | ||
| | | àens/ʔaens/ | ||
| Thing | | Thing | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Morpheme/Particle of verbs=== | ===Morpheme/Particle of verbs=== | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center" | ||
! | ! colspan="1" |{{blue|verb root}} | ||
! | ! colspan="1" |{{blue|verbal form}} | ||
! style="width: 90px; "|{{ | ! colspan="1" |{{blue|verbal/connective form}} | ||
! style="width: 90px; "| | ! colspan="2" |{{blue|noun form}} | ||
! style="width: 90px; "| | ! colspan="1" | | ||
|- | |||
! style="width: 90px; "| | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|present/habitual}} | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is in the future/subjunctive mood}} | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is processing/incomplete}} | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the motion is completed}} | |||
! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|word}} | ! style="width: 90px; "|{{green|word}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
Revision as of 07:12, 29 December 2018
A short introduction
To know more of languages through a miniture language is the reason why lekma,/ˈleχmɐ/ has been/is being made.
A sentence in lekma is consist of, an interjection/connective + adverbial phrase + agent x object x verb + adverbial phrase + a complement(subject/topic) x a particle(, is it? thing).
Phonology
- Graphemes of each phonemes are listed below.
Consonants
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Retroflex | Alveolo-palatal | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Epiglottal | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m m |
n n |
ɳ nr |
ɲ nh |
ŋ un,-nn |
||||||||
| Plosive | p b ff,b b,rb |
t d tt,t,d d,rd |
k g k,c c,rc |
ʔ kk | |||||||||
| Affricate | t͡s tz |
ʈ͡ʂ tr |
t͡ɕ th |
||||||||||
| Fricative | f f |
θ cz |
s s |
ʂ sr |
ɕ sh |
χ -k,ch |
ɦ hh | ||||||
| Approximant | ʋ v |
j i- |
|||||||||||
| Trill | ʀ hr |
||||||||||||
| Flap or tap | ɾ -r,-rr- |
||||||||||||
| Lateral app. | l l |
ʎ lh |
Vowels
| Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i y i ü |
ɯ u û u | |||
| Close-mid | e ø e ö |
o o | |||
| Open-mid | ʌ ô | ||||
| Near-open | ɐ â |
||||
| Open | ä a |
Morpheme/Particle of nouns
| noun root | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| the agent of a transitive verb | the subject/locative of an intransitive verb | the direct/indirect object of a verb | possessive form | plural form | plural possessive form | word | |
| *ac/ʔɐk/ | sac/sɐk/ | nac/nɐk/ | ac/ʔɐk/ | ács/ʔäks/ | sácen,nácen,ácen/ʔäːgen/ | ácens/ʔäːgens/ | I |
| *üe/ʔyː/ | sü/syː/ | nü/nyː/ | üe/ʔyː/ | ües/ʔyːs/ | süen,nüen,üen/ʔyːen/ | üens/ʔyːens/ | You |
| *hhia/ɦiä/ | íasaé/ɦiänsäe/ | íanaé/ɦiänäe/ | hhia/ɦiä/ | ías/ɦiäs/ | íanaé,íansaé,ían/ɦiän/ | íans/ɦiäns/ | They |
| *kkae/ʔae/ | aesaé/ʔaesäe/ | aenaé/ʔaenäe/ | àe/ʔae/ | àes/ʔais/ | àensaé,àennaé,àen/ʔain/ | àens/ʔaens/ | Thing |
Morpheme/Particle of verbs
| verb root | verbal form | verbal/connective form | noun form | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present/habitual | the motion is in the future/subjunctive mood | the motion is processing/incomplete | the motion is completed | word | |
| *sel/sel/ | ser[seɾ] | seat/seɦät/,sád | selínde/selindɐ/ | selínt/selint/ | be |
| *bal/bäl/ | bar[bäɾ] | baat/bäɦät/,bád | balínde/bälindɐ/ | balínt/bälint/ | have |
| *tel/tel/ | ter[teɾ] | teat/teɦät/,tád | telínde/telindɐ/ | telínt/telint/ | hang,raise |