User:Chrysophylax/Skājamāl: Difference between revisions
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# merger of overlong into long vowels | # merger of overlong into long vowels | ||
#: ''*pūkō'' ( < *pūkô) | #: ''*pūkō'' ( < *pūkô) | ||
# d > þ / r_ / (represent /d/ as [þ] here for later word changes, cf. Go waurd, ON orð) | |||
#: ''*wurþą'' ( < wurdą) | |||
# z > s <s>/ _#</s> [unconditionally] | # z > s <s>/ _#</s> [unconditionally] | ||
# s > h / _# | # s > h / _# | ||
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#: ''*jaisīþi'' ( < **gaisīþi), ''skājah'' ( < *skōgaz) | #: ''*jaisīþi'' ( < **gaisīþi), ''skājah'' ( < *skōgaz) | ||
# γ > v̄ / V_[+voiced +consonant] | # γ > v̄ / V_[+voiced +consonant] | ||
# þ > h / _R | # þ > h / _R | ||
#: ''*mahlā'' ( < *maþlą) which later gives ''māl'' | #: ''*mahlā'' ( < *maþlą) which later gives ''māl'' | ||
# ā > ē / [+dental +consonant +nasal]_# | # ā > ē / [+dental +consonant +nasal]_# | ||
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# | # | ||
# Words of three or more syllables may occasionally experience V > Ø / _# | # Words of three or more syllables may occasionally experience V > Ø / _# | ||
# ai > ē | # ai ei eu > ē ī iu when stressed | ||
#: beris bairiþi | |||
#: ''ērīs'' 'he/she/it frightens' ( < *gaisīþi) cf. ''avajs'' 'he/she/it has' ( < *habaiþi) | #: ''ērīs'' 'he/she/it frightens' ( < *gaisīþi) cf. ''avajs'' 'he/she/it has' ( < *habaiþi) | ||
===Status=== | |||
===Example sentences=== | ===Example sentences=== |
Revision as of 05:41, 14 December 2013
- merger of overlong into long vowels
- *pūkō ( < *pūkô)
- d > þ / r_ / (represent /d/ as [þ] here for later word changes, cf. Go waurd, ON orð)
- *wurþą ( < wurdą)
- z > s
/ _#[unconditionally] - s > h / _#
- *baisah ( < *baizaz) which later gives bērah
- ō > ā
- vowels [+nasal] > vowels [-nasal] [+length]
- *breustā ( < *breustą)
- γ > j / #_V, V_V
- *jaisīþi ( < **gaisīþi), skājah ( < *skōgaz)
- γ > v̄ / V_[+voiced +consonant]
- þ > h / _R
- *mahlā ( < *maþlą) which later gives māl
- ā > ē / [+dental +consonant +nasal]_#
- Spontaneous haplogy (sic).
- f > hw / _V
- *hwehu ( < *fehu)
- þ > s [unconditionally]
- sat ( < *þat)
- d > n / nV_V
- annā ( < *andô)
- ă ĕ ŏ > Ø / _# (unless monosyllabic) (Short vowel deletion rule)
- If a word by result of the short vowel deletion becomes monosyllabic, lengthen the stem vowel for compensation.
- If a word by result of the aforementioned rule terminates in -w, it becomes -u.
- ĭ ŭ > e o / _#
- alo ( < *alu)
- s > h / _R
- j > Ø /#_V
- h > Ø /V_C
- Compensatory vowel lengthening follows the above law.
- b > v / V_V
- Words of three or more syllables may occasionally experience V > Ø / _#
- ai ei eu > ē ī iu when stressed
- beris bairiþi
- ērīs 'he/she/it frightens' ( < *gaisīþi) cf. avajs 'he/she/it has' ( < *habaiþi)
Status
Example sentences
- sā hweū hwurhte sanā wulhwā hwure avajs
- þō fehū furhti þaną wulfą furi habaiþi.
- 'The cattle has fear of the wolf.'
- þō fehū furhti þaną wulfą furi habaiþi.
- sa wulhwā sā hweū ērīs
- sa wulfaz þō fehū ?gaisīþi. ( PIE *gheis-, cf. Goth. usgaisjan)
- 'The wolf terrorizes the cattle.'
- sa wulfaz þō fehū ?gaisīþi. ( PIE *gheis-, cf. Goth. usgaisjan)
A man says to another man…
This is in step 16 Skājamāl
— O, Hweho!
— Hweho?
— Hwehōh?!
— Ne, hweho!
— Hahā, hweho!