Azalic: Difference between revisions

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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style=" text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" | ''valqh'' 'wolf'
! colspan="3" | ''wəlqh'' 'wolf'
|-
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  
! style="width: 90px;" | Case  

Revision as of 14:00, 11 August 2019

Azalic/Lexicon

Azalic is an imagined Indo-European branch, intended to serve as an alternate possible diachronics of the English language.

The name Azalic is a Persian cognate of Wngoil /ˈəngojl/, the legendary mother of the Azalic people (cognate of Ahalyā in Hindu mythology).

Family tree

Phonology

Inspirations: Vietnamese, Armenian, literally read Irish

m n bh dh gh g̊h p t c c̊ ph th ch c̊h f þ h h̊ s z l r y v

m n bʰ dʰ gʰ gʷʰ p t k kʷ pʰ tʰ kʰ kʷʰ f θ x xw s z l r j w

Vowels: e i o u a é í ó ú oe aw eo ou ieu ia ua /e i o u ə e: i: o: u: oe əɨ eo əu iəu iə uə/ + offglides in -i; allophonic Open Syllable Lengthening


Reflexes:

  • oi > uə
  • iH > i:
  • ei > oə, sometimes iə
  • ē > e:
  • e, i > e, i
  • uH > u:
  • u > u (needs umlaut)
  • ou > əɨ
  • eu > əɨ (iəu in some words)
  • o > o (needs umlaut)
  • oH, eh2, eh3 > əu
  • enC > oeC
  • onC > əuC
  • nC > eoC

h1oinos, dwoh1, treyes, kwetwores, penkwe, sweks, septm, oktōw, h₁néwn̥, deḱm -> xuən, təu, tʰriə~tʰre:, pʰoþur, pʰoəxw, seks, sefn, oxʰtəu, nəɨn, texn~te:n

huon, tou, thré, phoṫur, phoeh̊, secs, seṗn, ohtou, nawn, tehn/tén

h₃nómṇ > *nomə > L-MidE name > name

Grammar

Nouns

Proto-Azalic had a highly eroded case system. The notation (i) denotes "i-umlaut" or a j-offglide on the nucleus.

  • dir. -0, (i)
  • voc. (i), (i)
  • obl. (i)~(i)-ə~ə, -su
  • gen. -is, (i)-is~-ə
  • lat. -ther, (no pl)


wəlqh 'wolf'
Case Singular Plural
Nominative wəlqh wəilqh
Vocative wəilqh wəilqh
Genitive wəlqhais wəilqhis, wəlqhə
Oblique wəilqhə wəilqhsu
Lative wəlqhthir -


ghous 'goose'
Case Singular Plural
Nominative ghous ghouis
Vocative ghouis ghouis
Genitive ghousəis ghouisis, ghousə
Oblique ghouis ghoussu
Lative ghousthir -

Adjectives

Adjectives were uninflected, because they were split off from adjective-noun compounds.

Verbs

Verb tenses were relatively complex, but the personal affixes were restructured.

the pronouns are the usual English ones plus *swe

when the subject is nominal singular, "he", "she" or "it", the "swe" is required for verbal agreement

the 2sg and 3sg distal pronouns are number neutral so they don't need *swe

  • Imperfective (the source of the English nonpast): e-grade or otherwise the unmarked form of the verb
  • Perfective (the source of the English past): o-grade or -d from -tós
  • Aorist: sigmatic aorist
  • Future: sigmatic future
  • Active participle: -ent
  • Passive participle: zero-grade with -n from -nós, or -d from -tós