Verse:Schngellstein/Stem-Celtic Nurian: Difference between revisions

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==Pronouns==
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;" width=500px
! rowspan=2 | case || rowspan=2 | 1sg. || rowspan=2 | 2sg. (familiar) || colspan=3 | 3sg. || rowspan=2 | 1pl. || rowspan=2 | 2pl., polite || rowspan="2" | 3pl. || rowspan="2" | reflexive || colspan="2" | interrogative/relative
|-
! "he" || "she" || "it" || "who" || "what"
|-
! nom.
| ''ja'' || ''tu'' || ''se'' || ''sa'' || ''sud'' || ''am'' || ''ju'' || ''sir'' || ''-'' || ''ke'' || ''kid''
|-
! acc.
| ''mi'' || ''ti'' || ''sun'' || ''san'' || ''sud'' || ''ang'' || ''jung'' || ''sur'' || ''hi'' || ''kun'' || ''kid''
|-
! gen.
| ''min'' || ''tiv'' || ''siv'' || ''siv''  || ''ta'' || ''angar'' || ''jungar'' || ''sar'' || ''hiv'' || ''kiv'' || ''kia''
|-
! dat.
| ''mõi'' || ''tõi'' || ''sõme, sõm'' || ''sõre, sõr'' || ''tõme, tõm'' || ''angav'' || ''jungav'' || ''siv, serav'' || ''hõi'' || ''kõme, kõm'' || ''kiime, kiim''
|-
! abl.-loc.
| ''mined, med'' || ''tived, ted'' || ''sõmed'' || ''sõred'' || ''tõmed'' || ''angav'' || ''jungav'' || ''siv, serav'' || ''hived, hed'' || ''kõmed'' || ''kiimed''
|}
(oblique forms of ''kid'' are from Qivattu ''kit'' 'what' + appropriate case forms of the neuter sg. relative pronoun ''jut'')
==Verbs==
==Verbs==
TODO: revamp tenses to get split-ergativity, add evidentiality
TODO: revamp tenses to get split-ergativity, add evidentiality

Revision as of 15:22, 10 December 2021

Verbs

TODO: revamp tenses to get split-ergativity, add evidentiality

Unlike Qivattutannguaq, Pestonian is NOT pro-drop.

There is a 2x2 tense structure: {non-past, past} x {imperfective, perfective}.

Ergativity is used in perfect(ive) tenses. The verb agrees with the noun in the absolutive case, and the ergative subject is marked with the ablative-locative case: Sõmed teisedim. 'He will find me.'

As in Hebrew and Russian, some tenses are pro-drop but some tenses are not.

eed "to be":

  • ja im, tu er, se/sa/sud eed, am imme, ju eht, sir huud

teised "to find":

  • Non-past imperfective: ja teisia, tu teiser, se/sa/sud teised, am teisim, ju teisid, sir teisud
  • Past imperfective: ja teisa, tu teist, se/sa/sud teis, am teisam, ju teisad, sir teiser
  • Future perfective: ja teisiar, tu teisedar, se/sa/sud teisedur, am teisemaht, ju teisedaht, si teisudur
  • Past perfective: ja teisedim, tu teiseder, se/sa/sud teiseded, am teisedim, ju teisedeht, si teiserur

vinned "to join":

  • Non-past imperfective: ja vinna, tu vinner, se/sa/sud vinned, am vinnam, ju vinned, sir vinnud
  • Past imperfective: ja vanner, tu vannet, se/sa/sud vanner, am vanneme, ju vannete, sir vanner
  • Past perfective: vandim, vander, vanded, vandime, vandite, vandud
  • Future perfective: vantõim, vantõir, vantõid, vantõime, vantõite, vantõjud

teepudad "to rule":

  • Non-past imperfective: ja teepuda, tu teepudar, se teepudad, am teepudam, ju teepudad, sir teepudud
  • Past imperfective: ja teepudar, tu teepudat, se teepudar, am teepudame, ju teepudate, sir teepudar
  • Past perfective: teepudadim, teepudader, teepudaded, teepudadime, teepudadite, teepudadud
  • Future perfective: teepudatõim, teepudatõir, teepudatõid, teepudatõime, teepudatõite, teepudatõjud
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