Clofabosin/Middle: Difference between revisions

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Line 118: Line 118:
** ''-zo-ium-ub'' > ''-zoumab, -ziumab'' > Modern Clo. ''-zumab''
** ''-zo-ium-ub'' > ''-zoumab, -ziumab'' > Modern Clo. ''-zumab''
*''-capt, -cept'' = dynamic: ''tpocapt'' = 'comes to eat'
*''-capt, -cept'' = dynamic: ''tpocapt'' = 'comes to eat'
* ''-xi-'' is an irrealis: ''-xi-iu-mub'' > ''-ximab''
* ''-cis-'' is an irrealis: ''-cis-ium-ub'' > ''-ximab''
*''-il'' = attributive
*''-il'' = attributive
**''tpoil'' = who eats (modern dialectal ''spovil'')
**''tpoil'' = who eats (modern dialectal ''spovil'')

Revision as of 09:46, 26 January 2022

Old Clofabosin is the oldest attested form of Clofabosin. It allowed more "weird" consonant clusters and vowel hiatuses than Modern Clofabosin; hiatusing vowels became long vowels in conservative Modern Clofabosin.

Use some "Yacavestub" aesthetic

Phonology

Orthography

Consonants

Labial Dental Alveolar Velar Labiovelar
Nasal m /m/ n /n/ [ŋ]
Plosive voiceless p /p/ t /t/ c, k /k/ qu /kʷ/
voiced b /b/ d /d/ g /g/
Fricative voiceless ph, f /f/ th /θ/ s /s/
ŝ /sʰ/
ch /x/
voiced z /z/
Trill r /r/
Approximant l /l/ v /w/

Old Clofabosin had geminates, unlike modern Clofabosin: for example, 'to learn' was nibbuir (modern nịbuvir).

Vowels

Front Central Back
Close i /i/, y /y/ u /u/
Mid e /e/ o /o/
Open a /a/

By the time of Middle Clofabosin, /y/ had merged with /i/.

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Nouns

  • -in = that which is...?, later nominative
  • -ol = genitive; -o = combining form
  • -as(t) = with
  • -one = towards
  • -ib = locative
  • -e = accusative, directive

-n was originally a Caland affix -in, the source of -an (< -ain), -en (< -ein; -oin) and -i.n (< -iin, -uin) nouns in Modern Clofabosin. The majority of the largest group of nouns, the -.in nouns, acquired -in by analogy.

Verbs

  • -n-: to be (~-navir)
  • si: old causative
  • -ir = present progressive: tpoir = 'eats'
  • -zo = stative: tpozo = 'has eaten' (the -le in modern -zole comes from eli- "to become")
    • -zo-ium-ub > -zoumab, -ziumab > Modern Clo. -zumab
  • -capt, -cept = dynamic: tpocapt = 'comes to eat'
  • -cis- is an irrealis: -cis-ium-ub > -ximab
  • -il = attributive
    • tpoil = who eats (modern dialectal spovil)
  • -ium = neutral conjunctive for both nouns and verbs: tpoium = ...eats, whereas...
  • -ub = narrative past and subjunctive
    • tpoub or tpoiumub = ate, and then...
    • -ium-ub is the source of Modern Clofabosin -(u)mab which arose by dissimilation. Modern Clofabosin thus has spovir, spọmab for single syllable verb stems ending in a vowel.
  • -tin-ib is 'in the state of' (which became timeless for some reason?) -vetmab comes from vet- 'to continue'
  • fo = realis negation, tu = irrealis
  • -d- progressive

All verbs had the same paradigm.