Eighth edition lekma: Difference between revisions

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==Abstract==
 
{|style='background:#ffffff'
===A short introduction===
 
A miniture language to know the capabilities of natural languages. For that reason lekma/leχmɐ/ is being made.
 
A sentence is made of (interjection) + SOV + Complement + (particle). Where the particle is a sort of -yes?/-no? things.
 
 
===Phonology===
*Each graphemes are listed below the each phonemes.
==Consonants==
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 884px; text-align:center;"
!  style="width: 68px; "|
!  style="width: 68px; "|Bilabial
!  style="width: 68px; "|Labio-dental
!  style="width: 68px; "|Dental
style="width: 68px; "|Alveolar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Post-alveolar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Retroflex
!  style="width: 68px; "|Alveolo-palatal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Palatal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Velar
!  style="width: 68px; "|Uvular
!  style="width: 68px; "|Pharyngeal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Epiglottal
!  style="width: 68px; "|Glottal
|-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Nasal
|<span style=color:#ffffff>____</span> Talks of outer story. This conlang is "lekmae" or "eighth lekma", pronounced /ˈlekmɐʔ/ that meant to be a simpliest structure that [[User:Neubalhhonn|<span style=color:#000000>I</span>]] can get, other element of the conlang is temporal. Source of words are Germanic origin and other random origin, though well modified to fit CVC. Also fewest morphemes, in an experimental minded, there is a certain period of pause before a theme. To speak beginning of a phrase would have tense, may be loudness. Genre of the words is verb and noun, nouns be either an object or a theme, theme be either subject or objective that the verbal phrase is referring. Two words will make a phrase, verb foreceded, noun afters. Basic full phrase is "verb /*pause/ noun" *pause is optional. A word on top of a phrase always considered a verb, other words of the phrase is therefor nouns. Any word turns to be a verb in this way. Least words that can do a phrase always contain a verb, when object of verb is also the theme or somebody wanting to say a noun solely, there is wany verb "haa" for it, meaning "a object, next to it, is the theme of the phrase". Verbal phrase may have an object, object afters a verb, forecedes a theme. A  noun can modify a noun that afters it. Making a longer phrase, "saz" meanig "this" in "lekmae", is a relative noun. Next to it is a descriptive word that forecedes it, a description afters it, a description is normal phrase.
| m<br>m
|
|
| n<br>n
|  
| ɳ<br>nr
|
| ɲ<br>nh
| ŋ<br>un,-nn
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Plosive
|<span style=color:#ffffff>____</span> Talks of inner settings, incomplete so fewly though. Graphemes are "t a e i o v u l n m f d c k h s z b", "initial letters" t /t/ h /ʔ/ l /l/ n /n/ m /m/ f /f/ d /d/ c /k/ s /s/ z /ɡ/ b /b/, "medial letters" that is vowels, a /äː/ e // i // o // v // u //, "medial to final letters" that vowels end in /ʔ/, aa /äːʔ/ ae /ɐʔ/ ai /äi̯ʔ/ ei /eːʔ/ eu /äu̯ʔ/ ie /iːʔ/ ou /oːʔ/ ve /uːʔ/ iu /yːʔ/ uo /y̯oʔ/ ua /y̯äʔ/ ui /ɰ̩ʲʔ/, "final letters", t /t/ l /ɰ/ n /n/ m /m/ k /k/ h /ŋ/ s /s/ z /ɡ/.
| p b<br>ff,b b,rb
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| t d<br>tt,t,d d,rd
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| k g<br>k-,c c,rc
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| ʔ<br>kk
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Affricate
|
|
|
| t͡s<br>tz
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| ʈ͡ʂ<br>tr
| t͡ɕ<br>th
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|
|
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|
|
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Fricative
|
| f<br>f
| θ<br>cz
| s<br>s
|
| ʂ<br>sr
| ɕ<br>sh
|
|
| χ<br>-k,ch
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|
| ɦ<br>hh
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Approximant
|
| ʋ<br>v
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|
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| j<br>i-
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|
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|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Trill
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|
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|
| ʀ<br>hr
|
|
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|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Flap or tap
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|
|
| ɾ<br>-r,-rr-
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|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Lateral app.
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|
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| l<br>l
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| ʎ<br>lh
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|
|
|}
 
 
==Vowels==
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
!  style="width: 90px; "|
!  style="width: 90px; "|Front
!  style="width: 90px; "|Near-front
!  style="width: 90px; "|Central
!  style="width: 90px; "|Near-back
!  style="width: 90px; "|Back
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Close
| i y<br>i ü
|
|
|
| ɯ u<br>û u
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Close-mid
| e ø<br>e ö
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|
|
| o<br>o
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Open-mid
|
|
|
|
| ʌ<br>ô
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Near-open
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|
| ɐ<br>â
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|
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|Open
|
|
| ä<br>a
|
|
|}
 
===Morpheme/Particle of nouns===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
!  style="width: 90px; "|
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the agent of a transitive verb}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the subject of an intransitive verb}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|the direct/indirect/locative object of a verb}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|possessive form}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|plural form}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|plural genetive form}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|Word
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*ac/ʔɐk/
| nac/nɐk/
| sac/sɐk/
| ac/ʔɐk/
| ács/ʔäks/
| ácen/ʔäːgen/
| ácens/ʔäːgens/
| I
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*üe/ʔyː/
| nü/nyː/
| sü/syː/
| üe/ʔyː/
| ües/ʔyːes/
| üen/ʔyːen/
| üens/ʔyːens/
| You
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*hhai/ɦäi/
| ainaé/ɦäinnäe/
| aisaé/ɦäisäe/
| hhai/ɦäi/
| hhais/ɦäis/
| aien/ɦäien/
| aiens/ɦäiens/
| S/he
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*kkae/ʔae/
| aenaé/ʔaenäe/
| aesaé/ʔaesäe/
| àe/ʔae/
| àies/ʔaies/
| àien/ʔaien/
| àiens/ʔaiens/
| thing
|}
*I have comfirmed that lekma has spelling irregularities in it.
*hhai takes the same declension as the other nouns.
 
===Morpheme/Particle of verbs===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="wikitable article-table" style="width: 540px; text-align:center"
!  style="width: 90px; "|
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|present/habitual predicational form of verb}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|predicational adjective: the motion is processing/incomplete}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|predicational adjective: the motion is in the future/subjunctive mood}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|{{green|predicational adjective: the motion is at a completion}}
!  style="width: 90px; "|Word
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*sel/sel/
| ser[seɾ]
| selínde/selindɐ/
| seat/seät/
| selínt/selint/
| be
|-
! style="text-align: center; "|*bal/bäl/
| bar[bäɾ]
| balínde/bälindɐ/
| baat/bäːt/
| balínt/bälint/
| have
|-
! style="text-align: center; "| -
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}
 
__noeditsection__
 
 
 
[[Category:Languages]]

Latest revision as of 17:22, 3 March 2022

Abstract

____ Talks of outer story. This conlang is "lekmae" or "eighth lekma", pronounced /ˈlekmɐʔ/ that meant to be a simpliest structure that I can get, other element of the conlang is temporal. Source of words are Germanic origin and other random origin, though well modified to fit CVC. Also fewest morphemes, in an experimental minded, there is a certain period of pause before a theme. To speak beginning of a phrase would have tense, may be loudness. Genre of the words is verb and noun, nouns be either an object or a theme, theme be either subject or objective that the verbal phrase is referring. Two words will make a phrase, verb foreceded, noun afters. Basic full phrase is "verb /*pause/ noun" *pause is optional. A word on top of a phrase always considered a verb, other words of the phrase is therefor nouns. Any word turns to be a verb in this way. Least words that can do a phrase always contain a verb, when object of verb is also the theme or somebody wanting to say a noun solely, there is wany verb "haa" for it, meaning "a object, next to it, is the theme of the phrase". Verbal phrase may have an object, object afters a verb, forecedes a theme. A noun can modify a noun that afters it. Making a longer phrase, "saz" meanig "this" in "lekmae", is a relative noun. Next to it is a descriptive word that forecedes it, a description afters it, a description is normal phrase.
____ Talks of inner settings, incomplete so fewly though. Graphemes are "t a e i o v u l n m f d c k h s z b", "initial letters" t /t/ h /ʔ/ l /l/ n /n/ m /m/ f /f/ d /d/ c /k/ s /s/ z /ɡ/ b /b/, "medial letters" that is vowels, a /äː/ e /eː/ i /iː/ o /oː/ v /uː/ u /yː/, "medial to final letters" that vowels end in /ʔ/, aa /äːʔ/ ae /ɐʔ/ ai /äi̯ʔ/ ei /eːʔ/ eu /äu̯ʔ/ ie /iːʔ/ ou /oːʔ/ ve /uːʔ/ iu /yːʔ/ uo /y̯oʔ/ ua /y̯äʔ/ ui /ɰ̩ʲʔ/, "final letters", t /t/ l /ɰ/ n /n/ m /m/ k /k/ h /ŋ/ s /s/ z /ɡ/.