Far East Semitic/Tonal Semitic: Difference between revisions
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** ''npws'' (when speaking to non-intimate peers or someone of lower status) | ** ''npws'' (when speaking to non-intimate peers or someone of lower status) | ||
** ''dlag'' (intimate; from PFES *đV lak 'yours') | ** ''dlag'' (intimate; from PFES *đV lak 'yours') | ||
** ''nau'' (only used in poetry) | ** ''nau'' (only used in poetry; from PSem ʔanāku) | ||
* 2nd person pronouns: | * 2nd person pronouns: | ||
** ''nkaub'' (polite; from *maqāmu 'place') | ** ''nkaub'' (polite; from *maqāmu 'place') | ||
** ''dliv'' (non-intimate, non-polite, from an older polite pronoun *laTip) | ** ''dliv'' (non-intimate, non-polite, from an older polite pronoun *laTip) | ||
** ''qhov'' (intimate, from *Hubb) | ** ''qhov'' (intimate, from *Hubb) | ||
** ''hmu'' (rude) | ** ''hmu'' (rude; from PSem ʔantumū) | ||
Family members use family terms to refer to themselves or to the listener. | Family members use family terms to refer to themselves or to the listener. | ||
Animate plurals marked with ''... wj'' (PFES *wıl) | Animate plurals marked with ''... wj'' (PFES *wıl) | ||
Revision as of 20:29, 31 March 2022
"Hmoabite"
Hlaub lag, vi seb qawd ___ = Hello, my name is ___
definite article ðə -> vi
Lexicon
- nqhwm = fish
- yed = to have; there is
- ntam = to give
- vwm = ear
- ntavwm = to listen
Phonology
- initials and vowels as in White Hmong/Green Mong RPA, but aa ee oo are breathy voiced vowels.
- Finals: -b -0 -s -j -v -m -g -d /p(unreleased) 0 s j w (nasalization) k(unreleased) t(unreleased)/
Grammar
Pronouns
- 1st person pronouns:
- qawd (polite, from *3abd 'slave')
- npws (when speaking to non-intimate peers or someone of lower status)
- dlag (intimate; from PFES *đV lak 'yours')
- nau (only used in poetry; from PSem ʔanāku)
- 2nd person pronouns:
- nkaub (polite; from *maqāmu 'place')
- dliv (non-intimate, non-polite, from an older polite pronoun *laTip)
- qhov (intimate, from *Hubb)
- hmu (rude; from PSem ʔantumū)
Family members use family terms to refer to themselves or to the listener.
Animate plurals marked with ... wj (PFES *wıl)