Varangian: Difference between revisions

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'''Notes:'''
'''Notes:'''


¹ Devoiced before voiceless consonants.
¹ Voiced obstruents are devoiced before voiceless consonants.


² Voiced before voiced consonants except /v/.
² Voiceless stops and affricates are voiced before voiced consonants except /v/.


³ Voiced between voiced sounds (including vowels). To remain unvoiced in these environments, can be written doubled.
³ Voiceless fricatives are voiced when they occur between voiced sounds (including vowels). To remain unvoiced in such environments, they can be written doubled.


===Consonants===
===Consonants===

Revision as of 04:55, 16 June 2022

Varangian (Native: Verinskă /ˈverinskə/) is a North Germanic language that is part of the Balkan sprachbund.

Varangian
Verinskă tungă
Веринскъ тунгъ
Pronunciation[ˈverinskə ˈtuŋɡə]
Created byShariifka
Early forms
Old Norse
  • Old Varangian

Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

Varangian orthography
Letter IPA Remarks
Latin Cyrillic
A a А а a
Ă ă Ъ ъ ə
 â Ы ы ɨ Generally used when /ɨ/ is derived from earlier /a/.
B b Б б b, p¹
C c Ц ц ts, dz²
Č č Ч ч tʃ, dʒ²
D d Д д d, t¹
Ð ð Ԁ ԁ ð, θ¹
Dz dz Ѕ ѕ dz, ts¹
Dž dž Џ џ dʒ, tʃ¹
E e Е е e
F f Ф ф f, v³
G g Г г ɣ, ɡ, k¹, x¹ Pronounced /ɡ/ (devoiced: /k/) initially and after /ŋ/; /ɣ/ (devoiced: /x/) otherwise.
Gg gg Ґ ґ ɡ, k¹ Not used initially or after /ŋ/.
H h Х х x, ɣ²
I i И и i
Î î Ы ы ɨ Generally used when /ɨ/ is derived from earlier /e/ or /i/.
J j Й й j
Ь ь After consonants except /l, n, r/.
K k К к k, ɡ²
L l Л л l
Ľ ľ Ль ль (Љ љ) ʎ
M m М м m
N n Н н n, ŋ Pronounced /ŋ/ before velars; /n/ otherwise.
Ň ň Нь нь (Њ њ) ɲ
O o О о o
P p П п p, b²
R r Р р r
Ř ř Рь рь
S s С с s, z³
Š š Ш ш ʃ, ʒ³
Št št Щ щ ʃt, ʒd²
T t Т т t, d²
Þ þ Ѳ ѳ θ, ð³
U u У у u
Ў ў In closing diphthongs.
V v В в v, f¹
Z z З з z, s¹
Ž ž Ж ж ʒ, ʃ¹

Notes:

¹ Voiced obstruents are devoiced before voiceless consonants.

² Voiceless stops and affricates are voiced before voiced consonants except /v/.

³ Voiceless fricatives are voiced when they occur between voiced sounds (including vowels). To remain unvoiced in such environments, they can be written doubled.

Consonants

Vowels

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Syntax

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Other resources