Proto-Tungric: Difference between revisions
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'''Note:''' The | '''Note:''' The genitive plural and neuter nominative-vocative-accusative plural are subject to [[w:Siever's_law|Siever's law]]. | ||
====''u''-stems==== | |||
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center | |||
! !! colspan="2"| *farþuz ''m.'' "port" || colspan="2"| *harnu ''n.'' "horn" | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| rowspan="2"| *farþ'''uz''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *farþ'''awiz''' | |||
| rowspan="3"| *harn'''u''' | |||
| rowspan="3"| *harn'''uwō''' | |||
|- | |||
! Vocative | |||
|- | |||
! Accusative | |||
| *farþ'''ų''' | |||
| *farþ'''unz''' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| *farþ'''auz''' | |||
| *farþ'''uwǭ''' | |||
| *harn'''auz''' | |||
| *harn'''uwǭ''' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| *farþ'''awī''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *farþ'''ubiz''' | |||
| *harn'''awī''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *harn'''ubiz''' | |||
|- | |||
! Instrumental | |||
| *farþ'''û''' | |||
| *harn'''û''' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
Revision as of 06:32, 15 March 2023
Proto-Tungric is the hypothetical ancestor of the Tungric languages.
Introduction
Proto-Tungric is the result of taking an Italic base and applying a rough approximation of the PIE to Proto-Germanic sound changes.
The Italic base of Proto-Tungric has the following features:
- Lacks merger of original /θ, xʷ, f/.
- Stress similar to Classical Latin.
- Lacks Classical Latin vowel weakenings.
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
Vowels
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns had three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.
a-stems
| *akraz m. "field" | *juką n. "yoke" | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *akraz | *akrōz, -ōs, -ai | *juką | *jukō |
| Vocative | *akr | |||
| Accusative | *akrą | *akrōz, -ōs | ||
| Genitive | *akrī, -as | *akrǭ, -aisǭ | *jukī, -as | *jukǭ, -aisǭ |
| Dative | *akrōi | *akraiz, -abiz | *jukōi | *jukaiz, -abiz |
| Instrumental | *akrô | *jukô | ||
ō-stems
| *þauþō f. "people" | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *þauþō | *þauþōz, -ōi |
| Vocative | ||
| Accusative | *þauþǭ | *þauþōnz |
| Genitive | *þauþōz | *þauþōsǭ |
| Dative | *þauþōi | *þauþōiz, -ōbiz |
| Instrumental | *þauþô | |
i-stems
| *minþiz f. "mind" | *mari n. "sea" | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *minþiz | *minþēz | *mari | *marjō |
| Vocative | ||||
| Accusative | *minþį | *minþinz | ||
| Genitive | *minþīz | *minþijǭ | *marīz | *marjǭ |
| Dative | *minþī | *minþibiz | *marī | *maribiz |
| Instrumental | *minþî | *marî | ||
Note: The genitive plural and neuter nominative-vocative-accusative plural are subject to Siever's law.
u-stems
| *farþuz m. "port" | *harnu n. "horn" | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *farþuz | *farþawiz | *harnu | *harnuwō |
| Vocative | ||||
| Accusative | *farþų | *farþunz | ||
| Genitive | *farþauz | *farþuwǭ | *harnauz | *harnuwǭ |
| Dative | *farþawī | *farþubiz | *harnawī | *harnubiz |
| Instrumental | *farþû | *harnû | ||