Proto-Tungric: Difference between revisions
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| *farþ'''û''' | | *farþ'''û''' | ||
| *harn'''û''' | | *harn'''û''' | ||
|- | |||
|} | |||
====''n''-stems==== | |||
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center | |||
! !! colspan="2"| *gemô ''m.'' "man" || colspan="2"| *namį ''n.'' "name" | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| rowspan="2"| *gem'''ô''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *gem'''aniz''' | |||
| rowspan="3"| *nam'''į''' | |||
| rowspan="3"| *nam'''nō''' | |||
|- | |||
! Vocative | |||
|- | |||
! Accusative | |||
| *gem'''anį''' | |||
| *gem'''aninz''' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| *gem'''aniz''' | |||
| *gem'''anǭ''' | |||
| *nam'''niz''' | |||
| *nam'''nǭ''' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| *gem'''anī''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *gem'''ambiz''' | |||
| *nam'''nī''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *nam'''nabiz''' | |||
|- | |||
! Instrumental | |||
| *gem'''ani''' | |||
| *nam'''ni''' | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} |
Revision as of 09:31, 15 March 2023
Proto-Tungric is the hypothetical ancestor of the Tungric languages.
Introduction
Proto-Tungric is the result of taking an Italic base and applying a rough approximation of the PIE to Proto-Germanic sound changes.
The Italic base of Proto-Tungric has the following features:
- Lacks merger of original /θ, xʷ, f/.
- Stress similar to Classical Latin.
- Lacks Classical Latin vowel weakenings.
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
Vowels
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns had three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.
a-stems
*akraz m. "field" | *juką n. "yoke" | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *akraz | *akrōz, -ōs, -ai | *juką | *jukō |
Vocative | *akr | |||
Accusative | *akrą | *akrōz, -ōs | ||
Genitive | *akrī, -as | *akrǭ, -aisǭ | *jukī, -as | *jukǭ, -aisǭ |
Dative | *akrōi | *akraiz, -abiz | *jukōi | *jukaiz, -abiz |
Instrumental | *akrô | *jukô |
ō-stems
*þauþō f. "people" | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | *þauþō | *þauþōz, -ōi |
Vocative | ||
Accusative | *þauþǭ | *þauþōnz |
Genitive | *þauþōz | *þauþōsǭ |
Dative | *þauþōi | *þauþōiz, -ōbiz |
Instrumental | *þauþô |
i-stems
*minþiz f. "mind" | *mari n. "sea" | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *minþiz | *minþēz | *mari | *marjō |
Vocative | ||||
Accusative | *minþį | *minþinz | ||
Genitive | *minþīz | *minþijǭ | *marīz | *marjǭ |
Dative | *minþī | *minþibiz | *marī | *maribiz |
Instrumental | *minþî | *marî |
Note: The genitive plural and neuter nominative-vocative-accusative plural are subject to Siever's law.
u-stems
*farþuz m. "port" | *harnu n. "horn" | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *farþuz | *farþawiz | *harnu | *harnuwō |
Vocative | ||||
Accusative | *farþų | *farþunz | ||
Genitive | *farþauz | *farþuwǭ | *harnauz | *harnuwǭ |
Dative | *farþawī | *farþubiz | *harnawī | *harnubiz |
Instrumental | *farþû | *harnû |
n-stems
*gemô m. "man" | *namį n. "name" | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *gemô | *gemaniz | *namį | *namnō |
Vocative | ||||
Accusative | *gemanį | *gemaninz | ||
Genitive | *gemaniz | *gemanǭ | *namniz | *namnǭ |
Dative | *gemanī | *gemambiz | *namnī | *namnabiz |
Instrumental | *gemani | *namni |