Gwrengax: Difference between revisions
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''' | '''Gwrengax''' (/gʷrengax/) is a [[Bjeheond]]ian language isolate inspired by Welsh, (Baxter-Sagart) Old Chinese, and Khasi. It is grammatically very similar to Modern [[Naeng]] and Vernacular [[Netagin]] but a bit less strictly head-initial, like Hmong. | ||
Gibberish: | Gibberish: | ||
Ŋwran tanxwlej be toh ma'aŋ siknagw, sy tu xyzell ham. Byrroŋ tyx kwosra nsoj xyh netsull, namte 'asmad se ykw'arij. | |||
Maxwell = a name | Maxwell = a name | ||
*gwnax = hello | |||
*takrir = hello | |||
*erku = town, city; forms city names (can this be justified with Armenian-like sound changes from a proto-language?) | *erku = town, city; forms city names (can this be justified with Armenian-like sound changes from a proto-language?) | ||
*Erkwed, | *Erkwed, Erkwisŋwal = name of cities | ||
*xwahan = forest | *xwahan = forest | ||
* | *dlowŋ = wheel | ||
*llymboj = horse | *llymboj = horse | ||
*wok = good | *wok = good | ||
| Line 23: | Line 25: | ||
*be = past particle | *be = past particle | ||
1: pos | 1: pos | ||
2: | 2: wyŋ | ||
3: yhew | 3: yhew | ||
4: taxwi | 4: taxwi | ||
5: azep | 5: azep | ||
6: rynoj | 6: rynoj | ||
7: | 7: kwlyŋ | ||
8: tsil | 8: tsil | ||
9: masah | 9: masah | ||
10: | 10: ŋwet | ||
==History== | ==History== | ||
Gwrengax is believed to be the only surviving descendant of the pre-[[Lakovic]], pre-[[Idavic]] indigenous languages of Bjeheond. | |||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
| Line 41: | Line 43: | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
'''m n | '''m n ŋ ŋw p t ts k kw ' b d z g gw s x xw h l r ll rr w''' /m n ŋ ŋʷ p t ts k kʷ ʔ b d dz g gʷ s x xʷ h l r ɬ r̥ w/ | ||
/s ts dz/ palatalize to [ɕ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ] before /i/ | |||
===Phonotactics=== | ===Phonotactics=== | ||
Allowed initial clusters are: | Allowed initial clusters are: | ||
*RR: mn ml mr nl nr | *RR: mn ml mr nl nr ŋl ŋr ŋwl ŋwr 'l 'r | ||
*PR: pl pr tl tr kn kl kr kwn kwl kwr | *PR: pl pr tl tr kn kl kr kwn kwl kwr | ||
*BR: bl br dl dr gn gl gr gwn gwl gwr | *BR: bl br dl dr gn gl gr gwn gwl gwr | ||
*FR: | *FR: xn xl xr xwn xwl xwr xŋ xŋw | ||
Allowed finals are: -' -p -t -k -kw -b -d -g -gw -m -n - | Allowed finals are: -' -p -t -k -kw -b -d -g -gw -m -n -ŋ -l -r -j -w -s -ts | ||
Coda clusters are prohibited. | Coda clusters are prohibited. | ||
== Syntax == | |||
Should be like Hmong | |||
=== Pronouns === | |||
pronouns: | |||
(sg du pl) | |||
1: hoj, 'ra, kob | |||
2: yp, ryws, llyj | |||
3: piw, wek, xom' | |||
Possessive pronouns precde nouns: ''hoj ŋro'' 'my house'. | |||
Latest revision as of 14:12, 13 March 2024
Gwrengax (/gʷrengax/) is a Bjeheondian language isolate inspired by Welsh, (Baxter-Sagart) Old Chinese, and Khasi. It is grammatically very similar to Modern Naeng and Vernacular Netagin but a bit less strictly head-initial, like Hmong.
Gibberish: Ŋwran tanxwlej be toh ma'aŋ siknagw, sy tu xyzell ham. Byrroŋ tyx kwosra nsoj xyh netsull, namte 'asmad se ykw'arij.
Maxwell = a name
- gwnax = hello
- takrir = hello
- erku = town, city; forms city names (can this be justified with Armenian-like sound changes from a proto-language?)
- Erkwed, Erkwisŋwal = name of cities
- xwahan = forest
- dlowŋ = wheel
- llymboj = horse
- wok = good
- 'lats = livestock
- lats = to sustain, to provide
- kwa = stone
- kykwa = boulder
- wansem = plough
- pruk = end
- gemra = to live
- aknull = paint, color
- mnep = vase
- be = past particle
1: pos 2: wyŋ 3: yhew 4: taxwi 5: azep 6: rynoj 7: kwlyŋ 8: tsil 9: masah 10: ŋwet
History
Gwrengax is believed to be the only surviving descendant of the pre-Lakovic, pre-Idavic indigenous languages of Bjeheond.
Phonology
Vowels
a e i o u y /a e i o u ɨ/
Consonants
m n ŋ ŋw p t ts k kw ' b d z g gw s x xw h l r ll rr w /m n ŋ ŋʷ p t ts k kʷ ʔ b d dz g gʷ s x xʷ h l r ɬ r̥ w/
/s ts dz/ palatalize to [ɕ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ] before /i/
Phonotactics
Allowed initial clusters are:
- RR: mn ml mr nl nr ŋl ŋr ŋwl ŋwr 'l 'r
- PR: pl pr tl tr kn kl kr kwn kwl kwr
- BR: bl br dl dr gn gl gr gwn gwl gwr
- FR: xn xl xr xwn xwl xwr xŋ xŋw
Allowed finals are: -' -p -t -k -kw -b -d -g -gw -m -n -ŋ -l -r -j -w -s -ts
Coda clusters are prohibited.
Syntax
Should be like Hmong
Pronouns
pronouns: (sg du pl) 1: hoj, 'ra, kob
2: yp, ryws, llyj
3: piw, wek, xom'
Possessive pronouns precde nouns: hoj ŋro 'my house'.