Atlaans: Difference between revisions

From Linguifex
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
Coastal Atlantean has a very simplified grammar. There is no conjugation. The same form of the verb is used for all pronouns.  
Coastal Atlantean has a very simplified grammar. There is no conjugation. The same form of the verb is used for all pronouns.  


Pronouns:  
Pronouns:<br />
Ig - I  
Ig - I<br />
Du - You  
Du - You<br />
He - He  
He - He<br />
Se - She  
Se - She<br />
Es - It  
Es - It<br />
We - We  
We - We<br />
Dese - You (plural)  
Dese - You (plural)<br />
Esse - They  
Esse - They<br />


The verb to be is "ar" in all cases.
The verb to be is "ar" in all cases.<br />
Ig ar een man = I am a man
Ig ar een man = I am a man<br />
Du ar een man = You are a man
Du ar een man = You are a man<br />
He ar een man = He is a man
He ar een man = He is a man<br />
We ar manen = We are men
We ar manen = We are men<br />
Dese ar manen = You (pl) are men
Dese ar manen = You (pl) are men<br />
Esse ar manen = They are men
Esse ar manen = They are men<br />


Plural is formed by adding -en to the end of the word
Plural is formed by adding -en to the end of the word<br />
Add -nen if the word ends on a vowel
Add -nen if the word ends on a vowel<br />


If -ed must be added to a word that ends on a vowel
If -ed must be added to a word that ends on a vowel<br />
the ending becomes -ned instead
the ending becomes -ned instead<br />


He, Se, We, Dese are pronounced as if the e was a double e
He, Se, We, Dese are pronounced as if the e was a double e<br />
If an adjective comes behind a noun, it adds an -a
If an adjective comes behind a noun, it adds an -a<br />
Some adjectives end on -er. This is an older form from Harbour Atlan
Some adjectives end on -er. This is an older form from Harbour Atlantean<br />


Verbs
Verbs
If you use "kan", "muss", "zou", "las" or "verd" the second verb must go to the end and add on -en
If you use "kan", "muss", "zou", "las" or "verd" the second verb must go to the end and add on -en<br />
Also, if a verb is used with "su", it must also take -en at the end
Also, if a verb is used with "su", it must also take -en at the end<br />
The only exception are verbs ending on -ch, which change the "ch" to "g" when -en is added
The only exception are verbs ending on -ch, which change the "ch" to "g" when -en is added<br />


Ig kan das saagen
Ig kan das saagen<br />
I can say that
I can say that<br />


Ig will een hond
Ig will een hond<br />
I want a dog
I want a dog<br />


Ig muss een hond willen
Ig muss een hond willen<br />
I need to want a dog
I need to want a dog<br />


Accusative
Accusative<br />
The direct object of the sentence is in the accusative
The direct object of the sentence is in the accusative<br />


Ig sien dich
Ig sien dich<br />
I see you
I see you<br />


Du sien mich
Du sien mich<br />
You see me
You see me<br />


Accusative pronouns
Accusative pronouns<br />
mich - me
mich - me<br />
dich - you
dich - you<br />
es - it
es - it<br />
hich - him
hich - him<br />
sich - her
sich - her<br />
uns - us
uns - us<br />
desech - you (pl)
desech - you (pl)<br />
essech (them)
essech (them)<br />


Ig sien essech
Ig sien essech<br />
I see them
I see them<br />


Comparitives
Comparitives<br />
Just add -er for more, and -te for most
Just add -er for more, and -te for most<br />


prachtich - beautiful
prachtich - beautiful<br />
prachticher - more beautiful
prachticher - more beautiful<br />
prachtichte - most beautiful
prachtichte - most beautiful<br />


If the word ends on t, then use -ste for "most"
If the word ends on t, then use -ste for "most"<br />
skrit - mean, horrible
skrit - mean, horrible<br />
skritste - meanest
skritste - meanest<br />


Adjectives
Adjectives<br />
Add -a to the adjective if it directly precedes the noun it is describing
Add -a to the adjective if it directly precedes the noun it is describing<br />
If the adjective ends on a vowel, then add -na instead of -a
If the adjective ends on a vowel, then add -na instead of -a<br />


Ig ar een grouda man
Ig ar een grouda man<br />
I am a big man
I am a big man<br />


De man ar groud
De man ar groud<br />
The man is big
The man is big<br />


Possessive
Possessive<br />
me - my
me - my<br />
haar - his
haar - his<br />
saar - her
saar - her<br />
esaar - its
esaar - its<br />
unser - our
unser - our<br />
deser - your (pl)
deser - your (pl)<br />
esser - theirs
esser - theirs<br />


Add 'se to the end of a noun to make it possessive
Add 'se to the end of a noun to make it possessive


Keepa (name)
Keepa (name)<br />
Keepa'sa hond: Keepa's dog
Keepa'sa hond: Keepa's dog<br />


Past tense
Past tense<br />
Use the "is.... -ed" construction
Use the "is.... -ed" construction<br />


He toud een man
He toud een man<br />
He kills a man
He kills a man<br />


He is een man touded
He is een man touded<br />
He has killed a man
He has killed a man<br />


In short clauses where a longer clause follows, "is" can be dropped
In short clauses where a longer clause follows, "is" can be dropped<br />
Ig hoord was du machd is.
Ig hoord was du machd is.<br />
I heard what you did.
I heard what you did.<br />


"Ig is hoord was du machd is" is technically correct, but "is" is often dropped in these small clauses
"Ig is hoord was du machd is" is technically correct, but "is" is often dropped in these small clauses
especially when they are followed by a longer clause
especially when they are followed by a longer clause


Future tense
Future tense<br />
Use wou with the verb to form the future tense
Use wou with the verb to form the future tense<br />
Put the verb at the end and add -en to it
Put the verb at the end and add -en to it<br />


Ig wou dord gaanen
Ig wou dord gaanen<br />
I will go there
I will go there<br />


Past tense
Past tense


Ig ujeth een appel
Ig ujeth een appel<br />
I eat an apple
I eat an apple<br />


Ig is een appel ujethed
Ig is een appel ujethed<br />
I ate an apple
I ate an apple<br />


Past perfect
Present perfect<br />
Use the form "ar.... -ed"
Use the form "ar.... -ed"<br />


Ig ar een appel ujethed
Ig ar een appel ujethed<br />
I have eaten an apple
I have eaten an apple<br />


Talking about something
Talking about something


Ig praat over een book
Ig praat over een kniega<br />
I talk about a book
I talk about a book<br />


Exceptions to the -en and -ed rules
Exceptions to the -en and -ed rules<br />
If "k" is preceded by a short vowel, it changes into "ch"
If "k" is preceded by a short vowel, it changes into "ch"<br />
For example, mak becomes machen
For example, mak becomes machen<br />


If "k" is preceded by a long vowel, it changes into "g"
If "k" is preceded by a long vowel, it changes into "g"<br />
For example, maak becomes maged
For example, maak becomes maged<br />


"ch" changes to a "g", but if it is preceded by a short vowel
"ch" changes to a "g", but if it is preceded by a short vowel
then the vowel is written only once
then the vowel is written only once<br />
saach becomes saged and fraach becomes fraged
saach becomes saged and fraach becomes fraged


If -ed is added to a "k" which is preceded by a short vowel
If -ed is added to a "k" which is preceded by a short vowel
then the -ed becomes a -d
then the -ed becomes a -d<br />
For example, mak becomes machd
For example, mak becomes machd<br />


If a word ends on "n" or "r", then it gets -d instead of -ed
If a word ends on "n" or "r", then it gets -d instead of -ed<br />
For example, ren becomes rend and hoor becomes hoord
For example, ren becomes rend and hoor becomes hoord<br />


The difference between "dies", "das" and "jon"
The difference between "dies", "das" and "jon"
Line 166: Line 166:
Shakespeare used the line "what light through yonder window breaks" in his play "Romeo and Juliet".
Shakespeare used the line "what light through yonder window breaks" in his play "Romeo and Juliet".


"yonder" has left English, but it is alive and well in Coastal Atlantean. It means "that over there".
"yonder" has left English, but it is alive and well in Coastal Atlantean. It means "that over there".<br />
"dies" is used to refer to things right in front of you, like your fork at the dinner table.
"dies" is used to refer to things right in front of you, like your fork at the dinner table.<br />
"das" is used for anything you might want to refer to. The word "this" occupies this role in english
"das" is used for anything you might want to refer to. The word "this" occupies this role in English<br />


What does this say = Was saach das?
What does this say = Was saach das?<br />
If you were to write "Was saach dies" this would have the nuance of "What does this right here in front of me say"
If you were to write "Was saach dies" this would have the nuance of "What does this right here in front of me say"<br />


Was ar dies = What is this right here
Was ar dies = What is this right here<br />
Was ar das = What is this
Was ar das = What is this<br />
Was ar jon = What is that over there
Was ar jon = What is that over there<br />


Infinitive
Infinitive<br />
Use "su....-en"
Use "su....-en"<br />


Ig forbereet das su machen
Ig forbereet das su machen<br />
I am preparing to do that
I am preparing to do that<br />

Latest revision as of 20:36, 25 August 2015

Coastal Atlantean has a very simplified grammar. There is no conjugation. The same form of the verb is used for all pronouns.

Pronouns:
Ig - I
Du - You
He - He
Se - She
Es - It
We - We
Dese - You (plural)
Esse - They

The verb to be is "ar" in all cases.
Ig ar een man = I am a man
Du ar een man = You are a man
He ar een man = He is a man
We ar manen = We are men
Dese ar manen = You (pl) are men
Esse ar manen = They are men

Plural is formed by adding -en to the end of the word
Add -nen if the word ends on a vowel

If -ed must be added to a word that ends on a vowel
the ending becomes -ned instead

He, Se, We, Dese are pronounced as if the e was a double e
If an adjective comes behind a noun, it adds an -a
Some adjectives end on -er. This is an older form from Harbour Atlantean

Verbs If you use "kan", "muss", "zou", "las" or "verd" the second verb must go to the end and add on -en
Also, if a verb is used with "su", it must also take -en at the end
The only exception are verbs ending on -ch, which change the "ch" to "g" when -en is added

Ig kan das saagen
I can say that

Ig will een hond
I want a dog

Ig muss een hond willen
I need to want a dog

Accusative
The direct object of the sentence is in the accusative

Ig sien dich
I see you

Du sien mich
You see me

Accusative pronouns
mich - me
dich - you
es - it
hich - him
sich - her
uns - us
desech - you (pl)
essech (them)

Ig sien essech
I see them

Comparitives
Just add -er for more, and -te for most

prachtich - beautiful
prachticher - more beautiful
prachtichte - most beautiful

If the word ends on t, then use -ste for "most"
skrit - mean, horrible
skritste - meanest

Adjectives
Add -a to the adjective if it directly precedes the noun it is describing
If the adjective ends on a vowel, then add -na instead of -a

Ig ar een grouda man
I am a big man

De man ar groud
The man is big

Possessive
me - my
haar - his
saar - her
esaar - its
unser - our
deser - your (pl)
esser - theirs

Add 'se to the end of a noun to make it possessive

Keepa (name)
Keepa'sa hond: Keepa's dog

Past tense
Use the "is.... -ed" construction

He toud een man
He kills a man

He is een man touded
He has killed a man

In short clauses where a longer clause follows, "is" can be dropped
Ig hoord was du machd is.
I heard what you did.

"Ig is hoord was du machd is" is technically correct, but "is" is often dropped in these small clauses especially when they are followed by a longer clause

Future tense
Use wou with the verb to form the future tense
Put the verb at the end and add -en to it

Ig wou dord gaanen
I will go there

Past tense

Ig ujeth een appel
I eat an apple

Ig is een appel ujethed
I ate an apple

Present perfect
Use the form "ar.... -ed"

Ig ar een appel ujethed
I have eaten an apple

Talking about something

Ig praat over een kniega
I talk about a book

Exceptions to the -en and -ed rules
If "k" is preceded by a short vowel, it changes into "ch"
For example, mak becomes machen

If "k" is preceded by a long vowel, it changes into "g"
For example, maak becomes maged

"ch" changes to a "g", but if it is preceded by a short vowel then the vowel is written only once
saach becomes saged and fraach becomes fraged

If -ed is added to a "k" which is preceded by a short vowel then the -ed becomes a -d
For example, mak becomes machd

If a word ends on "n" or "r", then it gets -d instead of -ed
For example, ren becomes rend and hoor becomes hoord

The difference between "dies", "das" and "jon"

You might not recognise it at first, but "jon" also exists in the harbour language I am using right now, English.

Shakespeare used the line "what light through yonder window breaks" in his play "Romeo and Juliet".

"yonder" has left English, but it is alive and well in Coastal Atlantean. It means "that over there".
"dies" is used to refer to things right in front of you, like your fork at the dinner table.
"das" is used for anything you might want to refer to. The word "this" occupies this role in English

What does this say = Was saach das?
If you were to write "Was saach dies" this would have the nuance of "What does this right here in front of me say"

Was ar dies = What is this right here
Was ar das = What is this
Was ar jon = What is that over there

Infinitive
Use "su....-en"

Ig forbereet das su machen
I am preparing to do that