Tveðo: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox language
|image =
|imagesize =
|creator = [[User:IlL|IlL]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|nativename = Tveðo-sdvein
|pronunciation= /ˈtʰweðoˌstweɪɰ̃/
|setting=[[Verse:Hmøøh]]
|region =
|fam1=Anbiric
|familycolor=tsn
|notice=IPA
}}


==Todo==
'''Twetho''' (Tveþó stveïnn 'Twetho language') is an Anbiric language, a close relative of [[Anbirese]]. It is inspired by Burmese, Faroese, and Danish.
*''yṇfi'' = truth
*''nîr'' = water
 
==Introduction==
'''{{PAGENAME}}''' (English: /ˈteɪ.vɚ/; native name: ''teifyzh mozh'') is a descendant of Old Tamil spoken in Lõis's Madagascar. It is inspired by Welsh.
 
*1-10: ont, rhant, mwnt, nant, aent, awr, oezh, eṭh, ompath, path
*20-100: îrffath, mwffath, nawsffath, aeffath, awrffath, oezhffath, eṭhffath, toṇhwr, nwr
 
==Phonology==
===Orthography===
===Consonants===
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"
|+'''{{PAGENAME}} consonants'''
! colspan="2"|
!Labial
!Dental
!Alveolar
!Retroflex
!Velar
!Glottal
|-
! rowspan="2"|Nasal
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|'''mh''' /m̊/
|'''nh''' /n̊/
|
|'''ṇh''' /ɳ̊/
|'''ngh''' /ŋ̊/
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|'''m''' /m/
|'''n''' /n/
|
|'''ṇ''' /ɳ/
|'''ng''' /ŋ/
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Stop
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|'''p''' /p/
|'''t''' /t/
|
|'''ṭ''' /ʈ/
|'''c''' /k/
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|'''b''' /b/
|'''d''' /d/
|
|'''ḍ''' /ɖ/
|'''g''' /g/
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Fricative
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|'''ph, ff''' /f/
|'''th''' /θ/
|'''s''' /s/
|'''ṛh, ṭh''' /ʂ/
|'''ch''' /χ/
|'''h''' /h/
|-
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|'''f''' /v/
|'''dd''' /ð/
|'''z''' /z/
|'''ṛ, ḍḍ''' /ʐ~ɻ/
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2"|Liquid
! | <small>voiceless</small>
|
|'''ll''' /ɬ/
|'''rh''' /r̥/
|'''ḷḷ''' /ꞎ/
|
|
|-
! | <small>voiced</small>
|
|'''l''' /l/
|'''r''' /r/
|'''ḷ''' /ɭ/
|
|
|-
! colspan="2"|Approximant
|'''w''' /w/
|
|
|
|
|
|}
 
===Vowels===
'''a ae aw e ei i o oe w y'''
 
===Prosody===
====Stress====
====Intonation====
 
===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
===Morphophonology===
==Morphology==
===Pronouns===
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"
|+
|-
!style="width: 50px; "|
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural
|-
!|1
|''nawn'' (gen. ''e'')
|''nawncaḷ'' (gen. ''encaḷ'')
|-
!|1 + 2
|
|''nawf'' (gen. ''nam'')
|-
!|2
|''nî'' (gen. ''w'')
|''nîncaḷ'' (gen. ''wncaḷ'')
|-
!|3 (animate)
|''awr''
|''awrchaḷ''
|-
!|3 (inanimate)
|''ad''
|''aechaḷ''
|}
 
===Nouns===
{{PAGENAME}} nouns decline in 7 cases and two numbers. The declension system is rather complex as each noun displays several different principal parts and and ending allomorphs also vary based on the noun.
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| '''General noun paradigm'''
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Nominative
|''[0]''||{{abbtip|-caḷ after nasals and obstruents; -chaḷ after liquids and vowels|''[2]c(h)aḷ''}}
|-
!|Accusative
|''[1]i'' (''-ae'' after ''i'')||''[2]c(h)aḷi''
|-
!|Genitive
|''[3]'' + nasal mutation||''[2]c(h)aḷ'' + nasal mutation
|-
!|Dative
|''[1]ych''||''[2]c(h)aḷych''
|-
!|Instrumental
|''[1]ol''||''[2]c(h)aḷol''
|-
!|Ablative
|''[1]ynol''||''[2]c(h)aḷynol''
|-
!|Locative
|''[3]yl''||''[2]c(h)aḷyl''
|}
 
The declension might be best illustrated with example nouns:
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| ''pawl'' 'kind, type'
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Nominative
|''pawl''||''pawlchaḷ''
|-
!|Accusative
|''pawli''||''pawlchaḷi''
|-
!|Genitive
|''pawl'' + nasal mutation||''pawlchaḷ'' + nasal mutation
|-
!|Dative
|''pawlych''||''pawlchaḷych''
|-
!|Instrumental
|''pawlol''||''pawlchaḷol''
|-
!|Ablative
|''pawlynol''||''pawlchaḷynol''
|-
!|Locative
|''pawlyl''||''pawlchaḷyl''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| ''mara'' 'tree'
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Nominative
|''mara''||''mara'''n'''caḷ''
|-
!|Accusative
|''mara'''th'''i''||''marancaḷi''
|-
!|Genitive
|''mar'''eth''''' + nasal mutation||''marancaḷ'' + nasal mutation
|-
!|Dative
|''marathych''||''marancaḷych''
|-
!|Instrumental
|''marathol''||''marancaḷol''
|-
!|Ablative
|''marathynol''||''marancaḷynol''
|-
!|Locative
|''marethyl''||''marancaḷyl''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| ''maga'' 'son'
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Nominative
|''maga''||''maga'''nc'''aḷ''
|-
!|Accusative
|''maga'''n'''i''||''magancaḷi''
|-
!|Genitive
|''mag'''en''''' + nasal mutation||''magancaḷ'' + nasal mutation
|-
!|Dative
|''maganych''||''magancaḷych''
|-
!|Instrumental
|''maganol''||''magancaḷol''
|-
!|Ablative
|''maganynol''||''magancaḷynol''
|-
!|Locative
|''magenyl''||''magancaḷyl''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| ''myṭhi'' 'egg'
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Nominative
|''myṭhi''||''myṭhichaḷ''
|-
!|Accusative
|''myṭhi'''ae'''''||''myṭhichaḷi''
|-
!|Genitive
|''myṭhi'' + nasal mutation||''myṭhichaḷ'' + nasal mutation
|-
!|Dative
|''myṭhich''||''myṭhichaḷych''
|-
!|Instrumental
|''myṭhiol''||''myṭhichaḷol''
|-
!|Ablative
|''myṭhinol''||''myṭhichaḷynol''
|-
!|Locative
|''myṭhiyl''||''myṭhichaḷyl''
|}
 
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| ''gwîḍ'' 'house'
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|Nominative
|''gwîḍ''||''gwî'''ṭh'''caḷ''
|-
!|Accusative
|''gwî'''ṭh'''i''||''gwîṭhcaḷi''
|-
!|Genitive
|''gwî'''ṭh''''' + nasal mutation||''gwîṭhcaḷ'' + nasal mutation
|-
!|Dative
|''gwîṭhych''||''gwîṭhcaḷych''
|-
!|Instrumental
|''gwîṭhol''||''gwîṭhcaḷol''
|-
!|Ablative
|''gwîṭhynol''||''gwîṭhcaḷynol''
|-
!|Locative
|''gwîṭhyl''||''gwîṭhcaḷyl''
|}
 
===Adjectives===
Adjectives do not agree with nouns but are conjugated like verbs in predicative position. Attributive adjectives are unmarked.
 
Examples of attributive adjectives:
 
*''nall'' 'good'; ''peri'' 'big'; ''cinh'' 'small'; ''paṛae'' 'old'; ''pydi'' 'new'
 
Conjugation of predicative adjectives (present tense):
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="3"| '''Personal endings'''
|-
!| !! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|1
|''-en''||''-o''
|-
!|2
|''-ae''||''-iaḷ''
|-
!|3.c
|''-or''||''-oḷ''
|-
!|3.n
|''-ad''||''-an''
|}
 
Example:
*1sg: ''nallen; perien''
*2sg: ''nallae; periae''
*3sg.c: ''nallor; perior''
*3sg.n: ''nallad; periad''
*1pl: ''nallo; perio''
*2pl: ''nalliaḷ, periaḷ''
*3pl.c: ''nalloḷ, perioḷ''
*3pl.n: ''nallan, perian''
 
 
Adverbs are formed from adjectives with the suffix ''-og'': ''nall'''og''''' 'well', ''pydi'''og''''' 'again'.
 
===Verbs===
 
====Person and tense suffixes====
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
|-
!rowspan="2"| ''sei'' 'do'
! colspan="2" | '''Non-past'''
|-
! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|1
|''sei·b·en''||''sei·b·o''
|-
!|2
|''sei·b·ae''||''sei·b·iaḷ''
|-
!|3.c
|''sei·b·or''||''sei·b·oḷ''
|-
!|3.n
|''sei·b·ad''||''sei·b·an''
|}
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 440px; text-align: center;"
!rowspan="2" | ''sei'' 'do'
! colspan="2" | '''Past'''
|-
! Singular !! Plural
|-
!|1
|''sei·d·en''||''sei·d·o''
|-
!|2
|''sei·d·ae''||''sei·d·iaḷ''
|-
!|3.c
|''sei·d·or''||''sei·d·oḷ''
|-
!|3.n
|''sei·d·ad''||''sei·d·an''
|}
 
==Syntax==
===Constituent order===
===Noun phrase===
The definite article is  
*''y'' before C
*''yr'' after C or word initially, and before V
*'''r'' after V, and before V
 
Examples: ''y mara'' 'the tree'; ''yr yṇfi'' 'the truth'.
 
===Verb phrase===
===Sentence phrase===
===Dependent clauses===
<!-- etc. etc. -->
 
==Example texts==
===UDHR, Article 1===
:''Ell nabarchaḷ pydantaboḷ caṭhasog mel offonog medyffyl mel ŷrfichaḷyl. Awrchaḷ pesoḷ pagythezyw mel yḷḷananfi, mel gwêṇṭ coḷ naḍant orwar orwarych sagwdareth owiddyl.''
:All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act toward one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
 
==Other resources==
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
 
<!-- Template area -->
 
 
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
[[Category:Languages]]

Latest revision as of 15:34, 25 October 2024

Tveðo
Tveðo-sdvein
Pronunciation[/ˈtʰweðoˌstweɪɰ̃/]
Created byIlL
SettingVerse:Hmøøh
Anbiric
  • Tveðo
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Twetho (Tveþó stveïnn 'Twetho language') is an Anbiric language, a close relative of Anbirese. It is inspired by Burmese, Faroese, and Danish.

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