IPA for Bemé: Difference between revisions

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The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] represents [[Bemé|Standard Bemé]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]].
The charts below show the way in which the [[wikipedia:International Phonetic Alphabet|International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)]] represents [[Bemé|Standard Bemé]], [[Bijun]] and [[Columbé]] pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see [[w:Help:IPA|Help:IPA]].
{{IPA keys}}
{{IPA keys}}
{|
{|
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| valign="top" |
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center;"
! colspan=4 | Consonants
! colspan=7 | Consonants
|-
|-
! Bemé orthography !! IPA !! Examples !! English approximation
! rowspan=2 | Bemé orthography !! colspan=3 | IPA !! rowspan=2 | Examples !! rowspan=2 | English approximation
|-
|-
| b || [[w:Voiced bilabial plosive|b]] || [[Contionary:bemeh#Bemé|'''b'''emeh]] || '''b'''ow
! [[File:Poccasin.svg|24px]]<br>Bemé !! [[File:Bijun.svg|24px]]<br>Bijun !! [[File:Columban.svg|24px]]<br>Columbé
|-
|-
| ch || [[w:Voiceless postalveolar affricate|tʃ]] || [[Contionary:chena#Bemé|'''ch'''ena]] || '''Ch'''ina
| b || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiced bilabial plosive|b]] || [[Contionary:bemeh#Bemé|'''b'''emeh]] || '''b'''ow
|-
|-
| d || [[w:Voiced alveolar plosive|d]] || [[Contionary:dan#Bemé|'''d'''an]] || '''d'''one
| ch || [[w:Voiceless postalveolar affricate|tʃ]] || [[w:Voiceless postalveolar affricate|ts]] || [[w:Voiceless postalveolar affricate|tʃ]] || [[Contionary:chena#Bemé|'''ch'''ena]] || '''Ch'''ina
|-
|-
| g || [[w:Voiced velar plosive|g]] || [[Contionary:gud#Bemé|'''g'''ud]] || '''g'''ood
| d || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiced alveolar plosive|d]] || [[Contionary:dan#Bemé|'''d'''an]] || '''d'''one
|-
|-
| gr || gɹ~dʒɹ || [[Contionary:grinyeh#Bemé|'''gr'''inyeh]] || '''gr'''ill or '''dr'''ink
| g || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiced velar plosive|g]] || [[Contionary:gud#Bemé|'''g'''ud]] || '''g'''ood
|-
|-
| rowspan=2 | h || [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]] || (initial) [[Contionary:hampo#Bemé|'''h'''ampo]] || '''h'''am
| rowspan=2 | gr || rowspan=2 | gɹ~dʒɹ || kɹ || rowspan=2 | gɾ || [[Contionary:grinyeh#Bemé|'''gr'''inyeh]] || '''gr'''ill or '''dr'''ink
|-
|-
| [[w:Glottal stop|ʔ]] || (medial) ji'''h'''ad || uh'''-'''oh
| kw || [[Contionary:grown#Bemé|'''gr'''own]] || (''Bijun'') '''qu'''ay
|-
|-
| j || [[w:Voiced postalveolar affricate|dʒ]] || [[Contionary:jamis#Bemé|'''j'''amis]] || '''j'''eans
| rowspan=2 | h || [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]] || [[w:Glottal stop|ʔ]]  || rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative|h]] || [[Contionary:hampo#Bemé|'''h'''ampo]] || '''h'''am
|-
|-
| k || [[w:Voiceless velar plosive|k]] || [[Contionary:kaneh|'''k'''aneh]] || '''k'''ing
| [[w:Glottal stop|ʔ]] || ∅ || ji'''h'''ad || uh'''-'''oh
|-
|-
| kr || tɹ̥~kɹ̥~tʃɹ̥ || [[Contionary:kriyal|'''kr'''iyal]] || '''kr'''ill or '''tr'''ee
| j || [[w:Voiced postalveolar affricate|dʒ]] || [[w:Voiced postalveolar fricative|ʒ]] || [[w:Voiced postalveolar affricate|dʒ]] || [[Contionary:jamis#Bemé|'''j'''amis]] || '''j'''eans
|-
|-
| l || [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]] || [[Contionary:kolo#Bemé|ko'''l'''o]] || '''l'''id
| k || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiceless velar plosive|k]] || [[Contionary:kaneh|'''k'''aneh]] || '''k'''ing
|-
|-
| m || [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]] || [[Contionary:ameh#Bemé|a'''m'''eh]] || '''m'''other
| rowspan=2 | kr || rowspan=2 | tɹ̥~kɹ̥~tʃɹ̥ || kɹ || rowspan=2 | kɾ || [[Contionary:kriyal|'''kr'''iyal]] || '''kr'''ill or '''tr'''ee
|-
|-
| n || [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]] || [[Contionary:dampini#Bemé|dampi'''n'''i]] || '''n'''ice
| kw || [[Contionary:krom|'''kr'''om]] || (''Bijun'') '''qu'''ay
|-
|-
| ng || [[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]] || [[Contionary:kring#Bemé|kri'''ng''']] || swimmi'''ng'''
| rowspan=2 | l || rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]] || rowspan=2 | [[w:Dark l|ɫ]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar lateral approximant|l]] || [[Contionary:kolo#Bemé|ko'''l'''o]] || '''l'''id
|-
|-
| ny || [[w:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]] || [[Contionary:snyek|s'''ny'''ek]] || ca'''ny'''on
| [[w:Voiced palatal lateral approximant|ʎ]] || [[Contionary:Beybl|Beyb'''l''']] || (''Columbé'') mi'''lli'''on
|-
|-
| p || [[w:Voiceless bilabial plosive|p]] || [[Contionary:dampini#Bemé|dam'''p'''ini]] || s'''p'''in
| m || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiced bilabial nasal|m]] || [[Contionary:ameh#Bemé|a'''m'''eh]] || '''m'''other
|-
|-
| r || [[w:Voiced alveolar approximant|ɹ]] || [[Contionary:ridem|'''r'''idem]] || '''rh'''ythm
| rowspan=2 | n || colspan=2 rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar nasal|n]] || [[Contionary:chena|che'''n'''a]] || '''n'''ice
|-
|-
| s || [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]] || [[Contionary:sebis|'''s'''ebi'''s''']] || '''s'''ervi'''c'''e
| [[w:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]] || [[Contionary:dampini#Bemé|dampi'''n'''i]] || (''Columbé'') ca'''ny'''on
|-
|-
| sh || [[w:Voiceless postalveolar sibilant|ʃ]] || [[Contionary:shik|'''sh'''ik]] || '''sh'''ine
| ng || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiced velar nasal|ŋ]] || [[Contionary:kring#Bemé|kri'''ng''']] || swimmi'''ng'''
|-
|-
| t || [[w:Voiceless alveolar plosive|t]] || [[Contionary:titrink|'''t'''itrink]] || '''t'''ea
| rowspan=2 | ny || colspan=2 rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]] || [[w:Voiced palatal nasal|ɲ]] || [[Contionary:snyek|s'''ny'''ek]] || ca'''ny'''on
|-
|-
| w || [[w:Voiced labial-velar approximant|w]] || [[Contionary:wan#Bemé|'''w'''an]] || '''w'''ant
| [[w:Nasalization|j̃]] || [[Contionary:grinyeh#Bemé|gri'''ny'''eh]] || (''Columbé'') [[w:Polish language|Polish]] [[w:Gdańsk|Gda'''ń'''sk]]
|-
|-
| y || [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]] || [[Contionary:yu#Bemé|'''y'''u]] || '''y'''ou
| p || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiceless bilabial plosive|p]] || [[Contionary:dampini#Bemé|dam'''p'''ini]] || s'''p'''in
|-
|-
| z || [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]] || [[Contionary:mazik#Bemé|ma'''z'''ik]] || '''z'''oo
| rowspan=2 | r || rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced alveolar approximant|ɹ]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar approximant|ɹ]] || rowspan=2 | [[w:Voiced alveolar tap or flap|ɾ]] || [[Contionary:ridem|'''r'''idem]] || '''rh'''ythm
|-
| [[w:Voiced labial-velar approximant|w]] || [[Contionary:krom|k'''r'''om]] || (''Bijun'') '''w'''ing
|-
| s || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]] ||  [[Contionary:sebis|'''s'''ebi'''s''']] || '''s'''ervi'''c'''e
|-
| sh || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiceless postalveolar sibilant|ʃ]] ||  [[Contionary:shik|'''sh'''ik]] || '''sh'''ine
|-
| t || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiceless alveolar plosive|t]] || [[Contionary:titrink|'''t'''itrink]] || '''t'''ea
|-
| w || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiced labial-velar approximant|w]] || [[Contionary:wan#Bemé|'''w'''an]] || '''w'''ant
|-
| y || colspan=3 | [[w:Voiced palatal approximant|j]] || [[Contionary:yu#Bemé|'''y'''u]] || '''y'''ou
|-
| z || [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]] || [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant|s]] || [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant|z]] || [[Contionary:mazik#Bemé|ma'''z'''ik]] || '''z'''oo
|}
|}
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| valign="top" |

Revision as of 18:27, 5 June 2025

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Standard Bemé, Bijun and Columbé pronunciations. English approximations are loose in some cases and are only intended to give a general idea of the pronunciation. For more information, see Help:IPA.

IPA Keys
Aelatha
Attian
Avendonian
Ayeri
Azimasi
Bemé
Biscayan
Brittainese
Central Isles Creole
Cet
Cha
Cruckeny
Enventian
Etlish
Etzeá
Evonish
Favlona
Guimin
Gwaxol
Hantza
Hemaluan
High Valyrian
Hraayan
Iaskyon
Izhkut
Jukpë
Kaikiwan
Keeltyewarem
Kihā́mmic
Kilīmos-sāîl
Knrawi
Koṭärt
Kunarek
Ludovian
Luthic
Logun
Lôppic
Maryan Coptic
Messinese
Mihousapeja
Millennish
Moshurian
Modern Coptic
Nawuhu
Old Yaraji
Oltic
Owaex
Pokht
Pomorian
Ponish
Qafesona
Qut
Rangyayo
Rulhilli
Sinatolean
Soc'ul'
Sudyrnish
Umbrean
Vairish
Consonants
Bemé orthography IPA Examples English approximation
Poccasin.svg
Bemé		 Bijun.svg
Bijun		 Columban.svg
Columbé
b b bemeh bow
ch tʃ ts tʃ chena China
d d dan done
g g gud good
gr gɹ~dʒɹ kɹ gɾ grinyeh grill or drink
kw grown (Bijun) quay
h h ʔ h hampo ham
ʔ ∅ jihad uh-oh
j dʒ ʒ dʒ jamis jeans
k k kaneh king
kr tɹ̥~kɹ̥~tʃɹ̥ kɹ kɾ kriyal krill or tree
kw krom (Bijun) quay
l l ɫ l kolo lid
ʎ Beybl (Columbé) million
m m ameh mother
n n n chena nice
ɲ dampini (Columbé) canyon
ng ŋ kring swimming
ny ɲ ɲ snyek canyon
j̃ grinyeh (Columbé) Polish Gdańsk
p p dampini spin
r ɹ ɹ ɾ ridem rhythm
w krom (Bijun) wing
s s sebis service
sh ʃ shik shine
t t titrink tea
w w wan want
y j yu you
z z s z mazik zoo
Vowels
Bemé orthography IPA Examples English approximation
a a jamis trap
e e bemeh may
eh ɛ bemeh bed
i i bi eat
o o kolo yawn
u u yu hook
Diphthongs
Bemé orthography IPA Examples English approximation
ey ei̯ skey may
oi oi̯ woiwoi joy
ow ou̯ grown bow

The distinction between /kr tr tʃr/, as well as between /gr dʒr/, has been historically neutralised, leading to a varying pronunciation:

  • ⟨kr⟩ may be heard as /tɹ̥ kɹ̥ tʃɹ̥/;
  • In the most basilectal(Kriyal) varieties, the stop may be simply strongly aspirated, leaving /tʰː kʰː tʃʰː/;
  • The realisation may be aspirated retroflex /ʈʰ/, and similarly affricated to /ʈʂ ʈʂʰ/.

The pronunciation of ⟨gr⟩ is less variable; there still exists a distinction between /gr~dʒr/ and /dr/, though /dr/ is extremely rare and only exists in certain words, such as grag "stop (v.)" and drag "drag queen".

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