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====Finals==== | ====Finals==== | ||
Humpback Whelsh allows these finals: -b, -d, -g, -m, -n, -ng, -l and -r. The first three are unreleased stops /-p̚ -t̚ -k̚/. | Humpback Whelsh allows these finals: -b, -d, -g, -m, -n, -ng, -l and -r. The first three are unreleased stops /-p̚ -t̚ -k̚/. | ||
===Vowels=== | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
! rowspan="2" | | |||
! colspan="2" | Front | |||
! colspan="2" | Central | |||
! colspan="2" | Back | |||
|- | |||
! [[Close vowel|Close]] | |||
| i || ɨ || u | |||
|- | |||
! [[Mid vowel|Mid]] | |||
| e || ə || o | |||
|- | |||
! [[Open vowel|Open]] | |||
| || a || | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
! [[Diphthong]]s || colspan="3" | Second component | |||
|- | |||
! First component || front || central || back | |||
|- | |||
! close | |||
| ʊi | |||
| ʊɨ | |||
| ɪu, ɨu | |||
|- | |||
! mid | |||
| əi/ɛi, ɔi | |||
| əɨ/ɛɨ, ɔɨ | |||
| əu/ɛu, ɔu | |||
|- | |||
! open | |||
| ai | |||
| aɨ, ɑːɨ | |||
| au | |||
|} | |||
===Tones=== | ===Tones=== | ||
| Line 133: | Line 171: | ||
! Notes | ! Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Level || ''llyr'' (blow) || / | | Level || ''llyr'' (blow) || /ɬɨr˧/ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Rising || ''séng'' (place) || / | | Rising || ''séng'' (place) || /seŋ˨˥/ || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Falling || ''chà'' (assist) || / | | Falling || ''chà'' (assist) || /xa˨˩/ || May be slightly creaky voiced. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Peaking || ''rhêud'' (pebble) || /r̥eɨt̚˦˥˩/ || | | Peaking || ''rhêud'' (pebble) || /r̥eɨt̚˦˥˩/ || | ||
|} | |} | ||
Revision as of 20:58, 28 July 2017
Humpback Whelsh (Mór-fîl) is a tonal language with a Welsh aesthetic. It is meant to be spoken in Humpback Wales.
Phonology
Consonants
Humpback Whelsh uses these consonants:
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labiovelar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | voiceless | m̥ | n̥ | ŋ̊ | |||||
| voiced | m | n | ŋ | ŋʷ | |||||
| Plosive | aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | |||||
| unaspirated | p | t | k | kʷ | |||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | θ | s | ʃ | x | xʷ | h | |
| voiced | v | ð | |||||||
| Trill | voiceless | r̥ | |||||||
| voiced | r | ||||||||
| Approximant | voiceless | l̥~ɬ | |||||||
| voiced | l | j | w | ||||||
Unlike in Welsh, the consonants written <mh nh ngh> are true voiceless nasals.
Finals
Humpback Whelsh allows these finals: -b, -d, -g, -m, -n, -ng, -l and -r. The first three are unreleased stops /-p̚ -t̚ -k̚/.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u | |||
| Mid | e | ə | o | |||
| Open | a | |||||
| Diphthongs | Second component | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| First component | front | central | back |
| close | ʊi | ʊɨ | ɪu, ɨu |
| mid | əi/ɛi, ɔi | əɨ/ɛɨ, ɔɨ | əu/ɛu, ɔu |
| open | ai | aɨ, ɑːɨ | au |
Tones
Humpback Whelsh has four contrastive tones: level, rising, falling and peaking.
| Tone | Example | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Level | llyr (blow) | /ɬɨr˧/ | |
| Rising | séng (place) | /seŋ˨˥/ | |
| Falling | chà (assist) | /xa˨˩/ | May be slightly creaky voiced. |
| Peaking | rhêud (pebble) | /r̥eɨt̚˦˥˩/ | |