Template:Minhast Prepronominal Affixes Template: Difference between revisions
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(Added explanatory text with example of using the Benefactive-Reflexive with ERG-ABS pronominals) |
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The Reciprocals, Associatives, and Assistives for the most part require plural agent marking and the Intransitive marker ''-an'', but under certain circumstances, the verb may take a transitive structure with both agent and patient marking. For example, the Reciprocal Adversarial is required if the Reactive affix co-occurs to mean "do something back at someone". | |||
The Reflexives, Reciprocals, Associatives, and Assistives for the most part require plural agent marking and the Intransitive marker ''-an'', but under certain circumstances, the verb may take a transitive structure with both agent and patient marking. For example, the Reciprocal Adversarial is required if the Reactive affix co-occurs to mean "do something back at someone". Transitivity raising via Applicatives may also trigger agent plus patient marking, with the possibility of either or both arguments being singular, as in ''"Iyyamtarkarišpintasaxtinuskihuslapallustakšarekarundurkilwāš!"'' | |||
<BLOCKQUOTE> | |||
iyyat-mar-kar-išp-inta-saxt-nusk-huslap-allut-sakšar-ek-ar-un-dūr-kilwāš | |||
NEC-ABIL-PREP-CAUSE-INTENS-INCHO-MAL.APPL-be.sharp-weapon-REFL.BEN-3S.ABS+1S.ERG-PST-TRANS-RSLT-MIRATIVE | |||
"Therefore it is necessary for me to ready myself thoroughly against him and make these weapons sharp, I say!" | |||
</BLOCKQUOTE> |
Revision as of 03:13, 8 September 2017
Prepronominal Affixes
Class | Affix | Additional Notes |
---|---|---|
Reflexive | -šar- | |
Reflexive-Benefactive | -sakšar- | |
Reciprocal | -šattar- -šatt- |
|
Reciprocal-Benefactive | -sakšatt- | |
Assistive | -fk- | |
Assistive-Benefactive | -sakkaf- | |
Associative | -mmak- | |
Associative-Benefactive | -sammak- | |
Reciprocal Adversarial | -dus(s)art -dust- |
|
Pretensive-Assitive | -fkuš- | |
Pretensive-Associative | -tušt- -tuštim- |
|
Pretensive-Benefactive | -(a)mtuš- | |
Dative-Reflexive | -sab- | |
Dative-Reciprocal | -saššab- -sašp- |
|
Distributive | -tar- | The Distributive refers to an action or state across each Patient, and is usually translated as "each". The Distributive may also in some verbs indicate that the verbal event is spread out spatially across a surface, |
Partitive | -nesr- -ness- |
Conveys that only a portion of the argument(s) is involved in the verbal event or state, sometimes translated as "some". The Partitive does not refer to the Ergative argument of transitive clauses; for that, the appropriate Quantifier adjective/noun is used. |
The Reflexives, Reciprocals, Associatives, and Assistives for the most part require plural agent marking and the Intransitive marker -an, but under certain circumstances, the verb may take a transitive structure with both agent and patient marking. For example, the Reciprocal Adversarial is required if the Reactive affix co-occurs to mean "do something back at someone". Transitivity raising via Applicatives may also trigger agent plus patient marking, with the possibility of either or both arguments being singular, as in "Iyyamtarkarišpintasaxtinuskihuslapallustakšarekarundurkilwāš!"
iyyat-mar-kar-išp-inta-saxt-nusk-huslap-allut-sakšar-ek-ar-un-dūr-kilwāš
NEC-ABIL-PREP-CAUSE-INTENS-INCHO-MAL.APPL-be.sharp-weapon-REFL.BEN-3S.ABS+1S.ERG-PST-TRANS-RSLT-MIRATIVE
"Therefore it is necessary for me to ready myself thoroughly against him and make these weapons sharp, I say!"