Netagin/Gzarot/Lexicon: Difference between revisions

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===Constituent order===
The overall syntax of {{PAGENAME}} resembles that of Irish but with more flexibility.
{{PAGENAME}} is almost completely head-initial, except for compound words which are head-final. The constituent order is VSO. Background information (usually in the order {{sc|time-manner-place}}) and question words may be placed before the verb (unlike in Irish), after the subject, or after the direct object. However, no constituent may come between the verb and the subject.
{{gloss
|phrase=Tiann h-aeillirne múnna?
|gloss=why love-PRES.2SG-EMPH ACC-1SG
|IPA=/ˈtiən ˈh‿eːʀəlnə mʉːnə/
|translation=Why do *you* love *me*?
}}
===Noun phrase===
====Adjectives====
Adjectives always follow their head nouns.
====Possessive noun phrases====
In possessive noun phrases the possessed noun uses the construct form, and the possessor (indefinite or definite) is placed after it. For pronominal possessors, the disjunctive pronoun is used.
===Verb phrase===
====Negation====
*interrogative: {{abbtip|[ɪs]|''is-L''}}
*negative: {{abbtip|[niː]|''ní''}}
===Sentence phrase===
====Predicate nouns and adjectives====
{{PAGENAME}} is zero-copula, like Hebrew. For predicate sentences, the predicate (unmarked) form of the predicate noun or adjective is placed before the subject, and the pronoun is used.
:'''''Zodhme ŋú kothel.'''''
:''A flower is a plant.''
:'''''Zodhme ŋú.'''''
:''It's a plant.''
Similarly for definite nouns as subjects, though the pronoun is not mandatory in this case:
:'''''Zodhme (ŋú) a k:chothel.'''''
:''The flower is a plant.''
:'''''Áld (hí) a k:gowne.'''''
:''The woman is tall.''
:'''''Áld hí.'''''
:''She is tall.''
====Existential sentences====
====Conjunctions====
*{{abbtip|[ʔal]|''al''}}: 'and'
*{{abbtip|[ʁʷˁʉː]|''rú''}}: 'or'
*{{abbtip|[ʔax]|''ach''}}: 'but'
*{{abbtip|[liː]|''li-N''}}: 'that (relative clause)'
*{{abbtip|[niː]|''ní-L''}} : 'that (complement clause)'
*{{abbtip|[fɵːɬ]|''fódh-N''}}: 'because'
*{{abbtip|[dɾɪ]|''dri-L''}}: 'when, if'
===Dependent clauses===
====Relative clauses====
The relativizer is ''li<sup>N</sup>'' (negative ''líd''). A resumptive pronoun may be used when the head is not the subject of the relative clause, and is mandatory when the head is a prepositional object or a possessor.
Verbs in relative clauses may be placed anywhere within the relative clause, subject to the constraint that the verb and (syntactic) subject may not be separated unless the subject of the relative clause is the head. If the subject is the head, the relativizer ''li'' may be omitted, however in that case the verb must immediately follow the head.
Nominalized relative clauses use ''nuol li...'' 'those who...'
:'''''nuol li míwóhedh ú'''''
:'those who misuse it'
====Time clauses====
There are two ways of forming time clauses.
====Infinitive clauses====
Infinitive clauses work like German ''zu''-infinitive clauses in that they are verb-final: the infinitive is used at the end, and the particle ''le-h'' /ʟə/ ('to') is used before the infinitive.
:'''''Ní róscall fách ná, s'a shuar ríosan le fhlunnach.'''''
:''I was unable to return to my house.''

Latest revision as of 13:45, 3 July 2025

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