Proto-Tungric: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
||
| Line 90: | Line 90: | ||
|} | |} | ||
====ō-stems==== | ====''ō''-stems==== | ||
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center | {| class=wikitable style=text-align:center | ||
! !! colspan="2"| *þauþō ''f.'' "people" | ! !! colspan="2"| *þauþō ''f.'' "people" | ||
| Line 106: | Line 106: | ||
! Genitive | ! Genitive | ||
| *þauþ'''ōz''' | | *þauþ'''ōz''' | ||
| *þauþ''' | | *þauþ'''ōsǭ''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Dative | ! Dative | ||
| Line 116: | Line 116: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
====''i''-stems==== | |||
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:center | |||
! !! colspan="2"| *minþiz ''f.'' "mind" || colspan="2"| *mari ''n.'' "sea" | |||
|- | |||
! Nominative | |||
| rowspan="2"| *minþ'''iz''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *minþ'''ēz''' | |||
| rowspan="3"| *mar'''i''' | |||
| rowspan="3"| *mar'''jō''' | |||
|- | |||
! Vocative | |||
|- | |||
! Accusative | |||
| *minþ'''į''' | |||
| *minþ'''inz''' | |||
|- | |||
! Genitive | |||
| *minþ'''īz''' | |||
| *minþ'''ijǭ''' | |||
| *mar'''īz''' | |||
| *mar'''jǭ''' | |||
|- | |||
! Dative | |||
| *minþ'''ī''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *minþ'''ibiz''' | |||
| *mar'''ī''' | |||
| rowspan="2"| *mar'''ibiz''' | |||
|- | |||
! Instrumental | |||
| *minþ'''î''' | |||
| *mar'''î''' | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
'''Note:''' The differences in endings in cases besides the nominative, vocative, and accusative is due to [[w:Siever's_law|Siever's law]], which also applies in the neuter nominative-vocative-accusative plural (which becomes ''-ijō'' after a heavy stem). | |||
===Pronouns=== | ===Pronouns=== | ||
Revision as of 06:01, 15 March 2023
Proto-Tungric is the hypothetical ancestor of the Tungric languages.
Introduction
Proto-Tungric is the result of taking an Italic base and applying a rough approximation of the PIE to Proto-Germanic sound changes.
The Italic base of Proto-Tungric has the following features:
- Lacks merger of original /θ, xʷ, f/.
- Stress similar to Classical Latin.
- Lacks Classical Latin vowel weakenings.
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
Vowels
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Nouns had three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter.
a-stems
| *akraz m. "field" | *juką n. "yoke" | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *akraz | *akrōz, -ōs, -ai | *juką | *jukō |
| Vocative | *akr | |||
| Accusative | *akrą | *akrōz, -ōs | ||
| Genitive | *akrī, -as | *akrǭ, -aisą | *jukī, -as | *jukǭ, -aisą |
| Dative | *akrōi | *akraiz, -abiz | *jukōi | *jukaiz, -abiz |
| Instrumental | *akrô | *jukô | ||
ō-stems
| *þauþō f. "people" | ||
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *þauþō | *þauþōz, -ōi |
| Vocative | ||
| Accusative | *þauþǭ | *þauþōnz |
| Genitive | *þauþōz | *þauþōsǭ |
| Dative | *þauþōi | *þauþōiz, -ōbiz |
| Instrumental | *þauþô | |
i-stems
| *minþiz f. "mind" | *mari n. "sea" | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *minþiz | *minþēz | *mari | *marjō |
| Vocative | ||||
| Accusative | *minþį | *minþinz | ||
| Genitive | *minþīz | *minþijǭ | *marīz | *marjǭ |
| Dative | *minþī | *minþibiz | *marī | *maribiz |
| Instrumental | *minþî | *marî | ||
Note: The differences in endings in cases besides the nominative, vocative, and accusative is due to Siever's law, which also applies in the neuter nominative-vocative-accusative plural (which becomes -ijō after a heavy stem).