Ceticilian Cet

Ceticilian Cet is a variant of Cet specifically developed for and maintained by a community called Ceticilia. It is supposed to be a compact, fairly logical and culturally important language to be used in Ceticilia for both cultural and procedural issues. Its vocabulary is mostly derived from West Germanic roots, with a few loanwords from Turkish, Arabic, Hungarian and grammar inspired mostly by that of Hungarian and Turkish.

Phonology

Consonants

Consonant phonemes

	Labial		Coronal		Palatal		Dorsal
Nasal		m		n		ɲ		ŋ
Stop	p	b	t	d	t͡ʃ	d͡ʒ	k	ɡ
Fricative	f	v	θ	ð			h
Sibilant			s	z	ʃ	ʒ
Approximant		w		l		j
Rhotic				r

Alphabet

Letters of the Ceticilian alphabet
Aa	Áá	Bb	Cc	Dd	Ðð	Ďď	Ee	Éé	Ëë	Ff	Gg	Hh	Ii	Íí	Jj	Kk	Ll	Mm	Nn	Ŋŋ	Ňň	Oo	Óó	Pp	Qq	Rr	Ss	Šš	Tt	Þþ	Ťť	Uu	Úú	Vv	Ww	Xx	Zz	Žž
ä	ɑː	b	t͡s~k	d	ð	d͡ʒ	ɛ	ɛɪ	ə	f	ɡ	h~x	ɪ	iː	j	k	l	m	n	ŋ	ɲ	ɔ	ɔʊ	p	kw	r	s	ʃ	t	θ	t͡ʃ	ʊ	uː	v	w	ks	z	ʒ

Vowels

Vowel phonemes

	Short			Long
	Front	Cent.	Back	Front	Back
Close	ɪ		ʊ	iː	uː
Mid	ɛ	ə	ɔ	ɛɪ	ɔʊ
Open	ä			ai	ɑː

Morphology

Ceticilian Cet's morphology is highly agglutinative, rendering smooth transitions between adjectives, nouns and verbs. Parts of speech may take on each other's role by affixation and word order.

Grammar

Pronouns

Because of polypersonal agreement in Cet, pronouns are seldom needed in written form.

	Singular	Plural
1st	men	më
2nd	sen	së
3rd	on(æ/ë)	në
4th	ol(æ/ë)	lë
1st + 2nd	mes

	Singular	Plural
1st	-ë	-ën
2nd	-æ	-æn
3rd	-	-n
4th	-t	-ton/ten
1/2	-r

Constituent order

The most basic word order of Ceticilian Cet is Subject-Predicate-Object. Unlike English, the word order remains in questions and most relative clauses. Pronouns may be omitted in both subject and object position, if permitted by redundancy in the predicate.

Cases

Case endings marked in bold are required to replace the vowel of the root words with their own in case that word ends in a vowel sound.
Case endings with a () around a vowel may have that vowel omitted if easily pronounceable.

Case suffixes

Case	Front	Back	Meaning
Nominative	-	-	Subject
Accusative	-	-	Direct object
Genitive	-(e)s	-(o)s	Possessor, Relation
Instrumental	-(e)m	-(o)m	Using
Vocative	-a		Calling a name
Dative	-(e)t	-(o)t	Recipient, Direction to
Ablative	-ex	-ox	Sender, Direction from
Adessive	-é	-ó	By something or someone
Perlative	-í	-ú	Through something, Via
Locative	-(e)n	-(o)n	In something, on something

Most of these cases can also act as verbs by adding a personal pronoun suffix. For example: "I sit down" can be rendered as "síttë" (seat + to + 1st person singular).

Tenses

In their most basic form, the tenses of Ceticilian Cet are derived from noun cases regarding motion to and from. On top of the basic tenses there are a few grammatical aspects specifying how verbs act over time.

Tense-Aspect pairs

	Past	Present	Future
Simple	-ex/-ox	-	-(e)t/(o)t
Progressive	-eŋx/oŋx	-(e)ŋ/(o)ŋ	-teŋ/toŋ
Habitual	-éx/óx	-é/ó	-ét/ót

Mood

Mood affixes

Name	Affix	Meaning
Realis
Indicative	-	Reality as perceived
Gnomic	-a	Aphorisms
Evidential sensory	-s	Seen or heard firsthand
Inferential	-h	Heard
Irrealis
Hortative	l(e)/l(o)-	Encouragement
Jussive	h(e)/h(o)-	Command
Permissive	m(e)/m(o)-	Permission
Dynamic	k(e)/k(o)-	Ability

Example texts

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Caption text

Fársa	ðat	skínæ	hehælg	namæs	hakom	kingia	hewilæs	erþen	as	skín	hoj	mët	dag bródëns	a	klæ	šuldëns	as	klæën	ðat	mëm	šuldom	a	haloktot më	ðó	ílex më	as	sens	kingia, macht, pracht	altíd	Amín
O! Our parent	that (is)	in sky	may holy (be)	your name	may come	kingdom	may your will (act)	on Earth	as	in sky	today	to us (excl.)	daily; our bread	(linking)	clear	our blame	as	we clear	that	with us	with blame	(linking)	may (you) not into temptation lead us	though	keep ill away from us	as	yours	the kingdom, might, glory	always	Amen