Togarmite/Lexicon

ʔ

• √ʔ-b-b
  • bib 'spring'
  • eþabib (literary) 'to become spring'
• √ʔ-(w)-r
  • aur 'light'
  • awer 'to illuminate'
• √ʔ-d-m
  • dum 'red'
• ež 'then'
• √ʔ-h-ž
  • haž 'receive'
  • mahėž 'reception'
• √ʔ-ž-n ~ ʔ-d-n
  • ødny 'ear'
  • ažen 'listen'
  • stažen 'contemplate'
• √ʔ-y-s
  • is 'equal'
  • my'ės 'identity'
  • my'ėsi 'to identify (find the identity of)'
  • ajes 'to compare'
    • ajus 'comparison'
  • þajes 'to equate; to identify (mathematics)'
    • þajus 'identification (mathematics)'
• ax 'although, though'
• √ʔ-x-l
  • øxal 'to eat'
  • exly 'food'
  • þaxil 'comsumption'
    • þaxili 'to consume'
• √ʔ-l-h
  • lėh 'god'; yn Ylėh 'God'
  • lėhiþ 'goddess'
  • aleh 'to deify'
• elėn 'tree'
• √ʔ-m-n
  • amėn (in some religions) 'Amen'
  • amen 'to trust, to believe'
• √ʔ-m-r
  • ømar 'to say'
  • emry 'remark'
  • amer 'to command'
  • þy'amer 'to prohibit'
• √ʔ-k-n
  • ikona 'image'
    • aken 'to display'
• √ʔ-r-h
  • ør 'way' (only in nux ør 'somehow' etc.)
• √ʔ-r-þ
  • arþy 'earth'
    • arþo 'down'
• √ʔ-þ-j
  • þė 'to come'

B

• beiþ 'house'
  • beiþėþ 'housing'
• √b-h-r
  • bor 'sea'
• √b-ȝ-l
  • bol 'master, lord'
  • abȝel 'to be able to'
• √b-lb-l
  • balbel 'to confuse (cause someone to be confused)'
  • þybalbel 'to mix up (two things)'
• √b-r-ʔ
  • bra 'to create'
  • bri 'healthy'
• √b-š-r
  • byšar 'body'
  • bašer 'to embody, to physically realize'
  • møbašar 'incarnate'
  • þybašer 'to reincarnate'

G

• √g-d-l
  • gdėl 'big'
  • eþygdel 'to grow'
• √g-w-s
  • gus 'taste' (ancient borrowing from Greek)
  • gawes 'to taste'
• √g-l
  • gal 'wave'
  • þygalel 'to reverberate, to resound'

D

• √d-m-m
  • dam = blood
  • damem = to bleed
• √d-n
  • dun = to think (to be of the opinion that); to deem
  • dajan = judge
  • dajen = to judge
  • dint = judgement
• √d-m-y
  • demi = stillness, rest
  • dėme = similar
  • nydmi = to be silent
• √d-w-r?
  • dėr = family (Arabic dār 'house', Hebrew dor 'generation')
• √d-r-x
  • dax = away
  • darxy = road
  • drax = to go, to walk
  • adrex = to lead
  • stydrex = to prove (mathematics)
    • istydrexbyl = unprovable
• √d-r-s
  • drøs = to study, to learn
  • daras = student, pupil
  • dares = to demand
  • þydares = to teach
  • mydras = school
    • mydrasi = to school
  • þydrus = lesson

H

• √h-b-b ~ '-h-b
  • habi 'hobby'
  • hėbeb 'amateur'
  • habt 'love'
  • øhab 'to love'
  • þaheb (løb) 'to fall in love (with)'
• √h-b-r
  • styhber 'to associate'
• √h-d-r
  • hedry 'chest (box)'
• √h-d-š
  • diš 'new'
• √h-t-ʔ
  • heta 'sin'
  • hatė 'to sin'
• h-w-j
  • fė 'to be'
  • hėwi 'being, entity'
• √h-j-w
  • heiwėþ 'life'
  • heiwi 'vital'
  • heiwuþ 'livelihood'
  • heiwan 'lively'
  • heiwanuþ 'liveliness, vitality'
  • anjė 'to save, to leave alive' (from rhinoglottophilia)
• √h-m-d
  • hėmed 'to praise'
• √h-m-l
  • hømal 'to suffer'
  • hemlyþ 'patience'
  • hemlan 'patient'
  • ahmel 'to make someone suffer, to inflict'
  • þamel 'to deserve (something bad), to have it coming'
• √h-m-m
  • ham 'hot'
  • mum 'warm'
• √h-sm-l
  • smaluþ 'electricity'
• √h-k-n
  • hekan 'sufficient'
  • haken lid 'to provide for'
• √h-r-b
  • harby 'sword'
  • hrøb 'to kill'
• √h-r-c
  • ruc 'yellow'

W

• √w-d-ȝ
  • wedȝy 'knowledge'
  • wdiȝ 'knowledgeable'
    • wdiȝyr 'know-it-all'
  • daȝ 'to know'
  • wduȝ 'known; data'
  • odeȝ 'to let someone know'
• wein 'wine'
• √w-h-b
  • hab 'to give'
• √w-x-l
  • xėl; wyxėl 'can'
  • wøxly 'possibility'
    • wøxli 'possible'
      • iwøxli 'impossible'
• √w-l-d
  • waldy 'child'
  • molad 'birth'
  • lad (archaic) 'to give birth to (of a woman)'
  • oled 'to give birth to, to sire, to father' (for both genders in the modern language)
• √w-r-ʔ
  • wra 'to fear'
  • ware 'to cause to fear, to scare'
  • stori (weak, from OTog hastȯrḗ 'to revere') 'to admire, to marvel'
    • stor 'marvel, admiration' (backformed)
• √w-r-d (to descend)
  • rød 'to descend'
• wrad 'rose'
• √w-r-k
  • wark 'vegetable'
  • wyrakt 'vegetation'
  • wyruk 'green; environmentally friendly'
    • wyruki 'to green, to make environmentally friendly'
  • warek 'to fill with plants'
  • orek 'to become green'
• √w-r-š
  • warš 'inheritance'
  • reš 'to inherit'
  • oreš 'to leave as inheritance'
  • wriš 'heritable'
  • wrišt 'gene'
  • morašt 'heritage'
  • þwarešt 'tradition'
• √w-š-ʔ
  • ša 'to come out, to turn out'
  • mošaþ 'outcome, result'
• √w-š-n-f-r
  • wyšnafer 'rain fell with a strong wind' (~ Amharic wäšänäffärä)
• √w-þ-r
  • wþer 'to remain, to be left'
  • oþer 'to leave'
  • eþoþar 'to be left alone'

Z

• √z-t-r
  • zytir 'small'
  • zytarter 'tiny'
• √z-m-r
  • myzmer 'kantele'
  • zmør 'to sing'
  • þyzmert 'choir'
• √z-n
  • azen 'to nurture'
• √z-n-h
  • zønah 'to abandon'
• √z-r-ȝ
  • zarȝy 'seed'
  • zraȝ 'to sow'

Ž

• √ž-b-h
  • þyžbuh 'sacrifice (the act of sacrifice)'
  • žbih 'sacrifice (the thing or person sacrificed)'
  • žabeh 'to sacrifice (literally or metaphorically)'
  • myžbah 'altar'
• žabi 'antelope'
• √ž-h-b
  • žahab 'gold'
  • žaheb 'to gild'
• √ž-h-r
  • žohry 'noon'
• ּ√ž-m-ʔ
  • žyma 'thirsty'
  • nøžma 'to become thirsty'
  • ždame 'to thirst/yearn/long for'
• √ž-m-r
  • žemryþ 'might, power'
  • eþyžmer 'to intensify'
• √ž-n-b
  • žanab 'tail'
  • žnøb 'to follow'
  • žaneb 'to chase'
• √ž-x-r "to remember"
  • žøxør 'to remember'
  • žaxer 'to record; to memorize'
  • ažxer 'to remind'
  • hyždyxer 'to come to mind'
  • styžxer 'to make note of'
  • þyžxir 'mnemonic'
  • myžxar 'souvenir'
  • žexryþ 'memory'
• √ž-x-r "male"
  • žyxar 'male'
• √ž-r-ȝ
  • žyrėȝ 'arm'

T

• √t-b
  • tėb 'good'
  • ateb 'do good'
• √t-b-h
  • tabeh 'to slaughter'
  • tabhan 'butcher'
• √t-ȝ-y
  • tyȝuj 'wrong'
• √t-ȝ-m
  • tȝam 'to choose; (archaic) to taste'
  • taȝem 'to elect'
    • taȝum 'election'
  • þytaȝem '(literary) to be pleased with, to take pleasure in'
  • stytȝem 'to try out'
• √t-m-ʔ
  • tma 'dirty'
• √t-k-y
  • tuki 'parrot'
  • takė 'to parrot, to repeat'

J

• jad 'hand'
• √j-b-s
  • jabas 'dry'
• √j-m-n
  • jymin 'right'

X

• xaub 'star' (haplogized from *xauxab)
• √x-ž-b
  • xažby 'lie (untruth)'
  • xažban 'liar'
  • xžøb 'to lie (tell a lie)'
  • xažeb 'to deceive'
  • axžeb 'to deny'
  • þyxažeb 'to disillusion, to disappoint'
• √k-h-j (< x-h-j)
  • kyhuj 'dark'
  • akhė 'to darken'
• xenėr 'harp' (from An Bhlaoighne "chionnóir", cognate with Hebrew כִּנּוֹר‎)
• √x-l-y
  • xlė 'to end'
  • þyxalė (euphemistic) 'to pass away'
• √x-n
  • xun 'correct, true'
  • styxin 'to train oneself'
• √x-r-s
  • xares 'to thank'
  • exarus 'thanksgiving; thank you!'
• √x-s-f
  • xasfy 'silver, money'
  • myxsaf 'bank'
• √x-þ-b
  • xþøb 'to write'
  • þyxaþeb to correspond'
  • þyxøþøb 'to rewrite'

L

• lė = not; no
• ly = to, for
• √l-b-n
  • lybun 'white'
  • þlyben 'to become white'
  • alben 'to whiten (something), to whitewash'
• √l-b-s
  • lybas 'clothes'
• √l-l
  • lal 'voice' (from Old Togarmite lāl, from Greek lalia)
  • lali 'vocal'
• √l-m-d
  • lmad 'to notice, to experience, to come to know'
  • lamed 'to show, to point out'
  • hylþymed 'to find one's way around'
• √l-m-s (← Greek eleēmosynē)
  • lamusin 'charity'
  • lames 'give charitably, do charity'
• √l-(w)-n
  • lun 'to sojourn, to stay as guest'
  • lawan 'guest'
  • alen 'to host'
  • malen 'host'
  • malunt 'hospitality'
  • mylan 'inn'
• lysėn 'tongue; language'

M

• √m-g-l
  • mgil 'glorious' (from Greek megalos)
• √m-l-x
  • malxy 'king'
  • mløx 'to rule'
• √m-n-ȝ
  • mnaȝ 'to flee'
• √m-n-w
  • mno 'to count' (in the sense 'to matter, to be considered')
• mein 'water'
  • majen 'to water'
  • meini 'aquatic, aqueous'
• √m-ȝ-l
  • maȝly 'step'
  • maȝlyþ 'stairway'
  • stymȝel 'to dare'
• √m-(w)-þ
  • mauþ 'death'
  • muþ 'to die'
  • ameþ 'to kill'
  • stymeþ 'to commit suicide'

N

• √n-b-ʔ
  • nabi 'prophet' (from Hebrew)
  • nabe 'to prophesy'
  • þynabe 'to call out (a wrongdoing)'
  • stynbe 'to lecture sanctimoniously, to scold'
• √n-b-t
  • þynabet (by) 'to look (at)'
• √n-d-r
  • nydur 'few'
• √n-ȝ-m
  • nyȝam 'nice'
  • nyȝum 'happy'
• √n-f-l
  • føl 'to fall'
  • nøfl 'fall (season)'
• √n-š-ʔ
  • naše 'to bring, to take'
• √n-þ-n
  • maþun 'data'

Ȝ

• ȝeilur 'cat'
• ȝykrab 'scorpion'
• √ȝ-b-d
  • þyȝbid 'profession'
• ȝiš 'is located', c.f. nimtza in Hebrew - grammatically an adjective
• ȝud 'lute'
  • ȝudi 'to play the lute'
  • ȝudyr 'lute player'
• √ȝ-ž-m
  • ȝžum 'strong'
• √ȝ-j-n
  • mojan 'source; typeface' (semantics influenced by English font)
  • þojin 'mental focus' (Henosis Ousias technical term, c.f. darśana in yoga)
• √ȝ-l-j
  • ȝlė 'to go up (from ȝ-l-y); to cost (from ġ-l-y)'
  • ȝlėn arþ '(religious or solemn) on earth' (normally ȝal yn arþ 'on the earth')
• √ȝ-m-d
  • ȝømød 'to stand'
  • þyȝamed 'to resist'
• √ȝ-n-j
  • þyȝane 'to satisfy'
  • ȝni 'needy, in distress'
  • ȝnuþ 'need, emergency'
• √ȝ-nj-n
  • møȝanjen 'interesting' (from Hebrew meȝanyen, a folk etymology connects it with ȝein "eye")
• √ȝ-š-j
  • ȝyše 'to do, to make'
  • maȝše 'deed'
• √ȝ-s-r (?)
  • ȝysur 'noble'
• √ȝ-š-r
• √ȝ-št-r
  • Ȝyštarþ 'Venus (planet)'
  • ȝyštiruþ (poetic) 'libido, sexual desire'
  • ȝašter (poetic) 'to be lustful'

F

• √f-l-ʔ
  • føla 'miracle'
  • afle 'to amaze'
  • miføla 'wonderful'
• faþny 'snake'

P

• √p-rk-s
  • parkes 'to act'
  • parkis 'action'
  • þyparkes 'to react'
• √p-r-r
  • parer 'to influence'
• √p-c-r, from Old Togarmite
  • þypcir 'impression, imprint' (Henosis Ousias technical term c.f. samskara in yoga)
• √p-s-f
  • psif 'vote'
  • psifin 'voting'
  • psøf 'to vote'
  • pėsef 'voter'
• √p-w
  • pau 'peacock'
  • pawė 'to peacock, to show off'

C

• cøfa 'sofa'
• √c-b-ȝ 'finger'
  • ecbaȝ 'finger'
  • cabeȝ 'to point at, to find'
• √c-b-ȝ 'color'
  • cebȝy = color; paint
  • cbaȝ = to color, to paint
  • mycbaȝ = canvas
  • cybȝan = colorful
• √c-d-k
  • cydak = right (correct or just)
  • hycdek = to justify
  • þycadek = to make right, to set right; to right a wrong
• √c-l-m
  • calmy = characteristic; quality, trait
    • calmi = characteristic (adj)
      • polønøm calmi = characteristic polynomial
  • myclam = personality
  • calem = to characterize
• √c-w-y
  • cwė = (archaic) to command
  • cawė = to determine
  • yctywė = to insist

K

• karžyþ (pl. karž) 'carob'
• √k-d-s
  • kdės (archaic) 'holy'
  • hakdes 'to dedicate'
  • makdas (formal) 'chosen, particular, specific, not arbitrary'
  • kades 'to sanctify'
  • møkadas 'holy'; (a swear word)
• √k(-w-)l
  • kaul 'voice'
  • þykawel 'to resound; to echo'
• √k-t-b
  • køtby 'pole'
  • akteb 'polarize'
• √k-t-l
  • ktøl 'to murder'
• √k-j-ž
  • keiž 'summer'
• √k-m
  • kum 'to stand up, to rise'
  • mykėm 'place'
  • mykėmi 'to locate'
• √k-r-ʔ
  • kra 'to read, to call'
  • mekra 'religious scripture'
  • tykru 'invocation, incantation'
    • tykruji 'to invoke, to summon'
  • þykare 'to convene'
• √k-r-y
  • kri 'to happen'
• √k-s-m
  • hyksem 'to curse'

R

• ras 'head'
  • þyra'es 'introduce'
  • resiþ 'introduction'
• √r-ʔ-j
  • rø'e 'to see'
• √r-b
  • rab 'many'
  • myrėb 'majority'
    • myrėbi 'to outnumber'
  • √r-b-j
    • rabė 'to multiply'
• √r-w-j
  • myrwe 'too much'
• raxyl 'ewe' (/x/ retained from Old Togarmite)
• √r-þ-m
  • reþmy 'number'
  • raþem 'to count'
  • myrþam 'musical meter'
  • myrþem 'abacus'
  • styrþem 'to enumerate'
  • styrþum 'sequence'
  • ryþim 'rhythm'
  • reþmi 'to number (assign a number to)'

S

• seif 'knife, sword, dagger, sabre'
• sem 'name'
  • √s-m-j
    • samė 'to name'
    • þysamė 'to rename'
• √s-w-j
  • swė 'same' (indeclinable; used in yn swė 'the same')
  • aswė (archaic) 'to compare'
    • only in blėš aswuj 'incomparable'
• √s-x-n
  • sxan 'to live (at a certain place)'
  • mysxan 'apartment'
  • sxėn 'scene'
  • saxen 'to inhabit'
  • eþysxen 'to arise' (phonosemantically matched from Greek σηκώνομαι)
• √s-l-m
  • slėm 'peace; hello!'
    • Slėm ȝalėxøm! 'hello (more formal)'
  • slem 'whole'
  • aslem 'to complete'
  • stylem 'to make peace; to reconcile'
  • þysalem 'to repay'
• √s-m(-m)
  • sem 'name'
  • samem 'to name'
• symein 'sky'
  • symeiniþ 'heaven' (from OTog. θarHebθ samaynīθ "celestial domain")
• √s-m-ȝ
  • smaȝ 'to hear'
  • asmeȝ 'to make someone hear'
• √s-m-n
  • smen '(is) fat'
  • samny 'fat, oil'
• √s(-j-)r
  • sir 'to sing, to call (of an animal)'
  • sajer 'to admonish, to warn'
  • seiran 'smoke signal' (source of English siren)
  • stysir 'to announce'
• √s-þ-w
  • syþaw 'winter'
  • saþu 'to hibernate'

Š

• šan 'herd'
• √š-b-þ
  • šbøþ 'stay'
  • šaboþ 'Saturday' (Hebrew loan)
• √š-d-y
  • šadi 'breast', pl. šadein
• ּ√š-l-ȝ
  • šelȝy 'rib'
• √š-m-l
  • šmėl 'left'
• √š-k-l
  • škul 'heavy'
  • šøkly 'weight'
  • šakel 'to weigh'
  • šøkli 'to weight'
• √š-l-g
  • šalgy 'snow'
• √š-n-j
  • šanė 'to repeat'
• √š-ȝ-r
  • šeȝart 'strand of hair'
  • šėȝer 'Khuamnisht poet' (calqued from Anorite)
  • šėȝeriþ 'shighery, Khuamnisht and Anorite poetry'
• šol 'fox'
• šøm 'therefore'
• šfardy 'frog'
• šur 'sure' <- yšur

Þ

• √þ-'-r
  • þar 'face'
    • ly þar 'in front of'
  • þarþ 'form'
• √þ-g-m
  • aþgem 'explain'
• √þ-l-l
  • þlul 'steep; difficult'
• √þ-ȝ-b
  • þøȝab 'to hate'
  • aþȝeb 'to disgust'
  • þaȝebt 'abomination'
  • þȝub 'disgusting, ugly'
• √þ-r-n
  • þrøn 'throne'
  • aþren 'enthrone'