Tocharian D/Nouns: Difference between revisions
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Nouns in Tocharian D infect for number(singular/plural) and case() | |||
== number == | |||
== case == | |||
== declension == | |||
Conjugation in nouns have largely taken over the system of Proto-Indo-European languages. They are classified into four types according to their stem: /a/type, /n/type, /i/type, and /u/type. There are a small number of other three types, root nouns (ending with a consonant), kinship nouns (ending with /er/), and /s/type nouns. | Conjugation in nouns have largely taken over the system of Proto-Indo-European languages. They are classified into four types according to their stem: /a/type, /n/type, /i/type, and /u/type. There are a small number of other three types, root nouns (ending with a consonant), kinship nouns (ending with /er/), and /s/type nouns. | ||
== /a/type == | === /a/type === | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
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== /n/type == | === /n/type === | ||
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== /i/type == | === /i/type === | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
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== /u/type == | === /u/type === | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
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== kinship nouns (/er/ type) == | === kinship nouns (/er/ type) === | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
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== /s/ type == | === /s/ type === | ||
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== root nouns == | === root nouns === | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
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Revision as of 02:48, 16 November 2022
Nouns in Tocharian D infect for number(singular/plural) and case()
number
case
declension
Conjugation in nouns have largely taken over the system of Proto-Indo-European languages. They are classified into four types according to their stem: /a/type, /n/type, /i/type, and /u/type. There are a small number of other three types, root nouns (ending with a consonant), kinship nouns (ending with /er/), and /s/type nouns.
/a/type
| Case | yähwa "horse" | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | w:Plural | |
| Nominative | yähwa | yähwi |
| Vocative | yahw | — |
| Accusative | yähwa | yähwan |
| Genitive | yähway | yähwan |
| Dative | yähway | yähwama |
| Instrumental | yähwa | yähwami |
/n/type
| Case | kwäma "man" | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | w:Plural | |
| Nominative | kwäma | kwämañ |
| Vocative | kwäm | — |
| Accusative | kwämanu | kwämanun |
| Genitive | kwämañ | kwämana |
| Dative | kwämañ | kwämama |
| Instrumental | kwämañe | kwämami |
/i/type
| Case | kašä "guest" | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | w:Plural | |
| Nominative | kašä | kaši |
| Vocative | kaš | — |
| Accusative | kašä | kašän |
| Genitive | kaši | kašäya |
| Dative | kaši | kašäma |
| Instrumental | kaši | kašämi |
/u/type
| Case | sänu "son" | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | w:Plural | |
| Nominative | sänu | sänäy |
| Vocative | sän | — |
| Accusative | sänu | sänun |
| Genitive | säno | sänäwa |
| Dative | säno | sänäma |
| Instrumental | säno | sänämi |
kinship nouns (/er/ type)
| Case | macer "mother" | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | w:Plural | |
| Nominative | macer | matŕ |
| Vocative | macer | — |
| Accusative | macäru | matru |
| Genitive | matär | matra |
| Dative | matŕ | maträma |
| Instrumental | matŕe | maträmi |
/s/ type
| Case | lampia "lamb" | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | w:Plural | |
| Nominative | lampia | lampisa |
| Vocative | lampi | — |
| Accusative | lampia | lampisan |
| Genitive | lampiasi | lampisa |
| Dative | lampiasi | lampisäma |
| Instrumental | lampiasi | lampisämi |
root nouns
| Case | faθ "foot" | |
|---|---|---|
| Singular | w:Plural | |
| Nominative | faθ | fac |
| Vocative | fat | — |
| Accusative | fatu | fatun |
| Genitive | fac | fata |
| Dative | fac | fatäma |
| Instrumental | fac | fatämi |