Verse:Mwail/Quququqquq: Difference between revisions
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== Nouns and adjectives == | == Nouns and adjectives == | ||
Nouns and adjectives have | Nouns and adjectives have four principal parts: | ||
* I (nominative singular): never ends in -qq | * I (nominative singular): never ends in -qq | ||
* II (genitive singular): never ends in -q | * II (genitive singular): never ends in -q | ||
* III (genitive plural): never ends in -q | * III (genitive plural): never ends in -q | ||
* IV (partitive plural) | |||
Given principal parts nouns are declined as follows: | Given principal parts nouns are declined as follows: | ||
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|- | |- | ||
!|partitive | !|partitive | ||
| I-q || | | I-q || IV | ||
|- | |- | ||
!|illative | !|illative | ||
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|} | |} | ||
Examples: | |||
{{col-begin}} | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | ||
|+ ''aqua, aqü, aquaqa'' 'water' | |+ ''aqua, aqü, aquaqa, aquauq'' 'water' | ||
|- | |- | ||
!| !! singular !! plural | !| !! singular !! plural | ||
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!|genitive | !|genitive | ||
|'''aqü''' ||'''aquaqa''' | |'''aqü''' ||'''aquaqa''' | ||
|- | |||
!|partitive | |||
|aquaq||'''aquauq''' | |||
|} | |||
{{col-break}} | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ ''quququqquq, quququqququ, quququqquqa, quququqquqq'' 'Quququqquq (adjective)' | |||
|- | |||
!| !! singular !! plural | |||
|- | |||
!|nominative | |||
|'''quququqquq'''|| quququqququq | |||
|- | |||
!|genitive | |||
|'''quququqququ''' ||'''quququqquqa''' | |||
|- | |||
!|partitive | |||
|quququqquqq ||'''quququqquqq''' | |||
|} | |} | ||
{{col-break}} | |||
'' | {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | ||
|+ ''qaqqaäa, qaqqaäa, qaqqaäqa, qaqqaäaq'' 'tongue, language' | |||
|- | |||
!| !! singular !! plural | |||
|- | |||
!|nominative | |||
|'''qaqqaäa'''|| qaqqaäaq | |||
|- | |||
!|genitive | |||
|'''qaqqaäa''' ||'''qaqqaäqa''' | |||
|- | |||
!|partitive | |||
|qaqqaäaq ||'''qaqqaäaq''' | |||
|} | |||
{{col-end}} | |||
== Verbs == | == Verbs == | ||
Revision as of 22:47, 9 November 2024
In Angai, Quququqquq (/ku:ku:'kʊkkʊk/, natively quququqquq qaqqaäa /kùkùkùkːùk kàkːàáà/ [kʰùvūvūkūɰˀ kʰàkǣǽǣ]) is the most phonologically minimalistic Kawenic language, with just one consonant /k/, two vowels /u a/, and two tones (high, written ä and low, written a). It's spoken in the island nation of Quqqaäa (pronounced /'kʊkə/ in English).
Todo: Vedic-style chanting tradition
uüuquqau 'cow'
qäqqäquqau 'crow'
Nouns and adjectives
Nouns and adjectives have four principal parts:
- I (nominative singular): never ends in -qq
- II (genitive singular): never ends in -q
- III (genitive plural): never ends in -q
- IV (partitive plural)
Given principal parts nouns are declined as follows:
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | I | II-q |
| genitive | II | III |
| partitive | I-q | IV |
| illative | II-ü | III-ü |
| inessive | II-qqu | III-qqu |
| elative | II-qquq | III-qquq |
| allative | II-qua | III-qua |
| adessive | II-qqa | III-qqa |
| ablative | II-qqaq | III-qqaq |
| translative | II-ququ | III-ququ |
| terminative | II-quaä | III-quaä |
| durative | II-quqqü | III-quqqü |
| essive | II-qaua | III-qaua |
| exessive | II-qauaq | III-qauaq |
| comitative | II-qqäqu | III-qqäqu |
| abessive | II-uqqau | III-uqqau |
| instructive | II-qqaqqu | III-qqaqqu |
Examples:
|
|
|
Verbs
Quququqquq verbs have several differences from Standard Average European:
- negative verb that marks TAM
- emphatic forms instead of subject pronouns (cf. Old Irish)
- impersonal forms
Infinitives end in -uqa or -üqa depending on the verb.
| indicative mood | imperative mood | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| nonpast | past | nonpast emphatic | past emphatic | ||||||||
| per. | no. | affirmative | negative | affirmative | negative | affirmative | negative | affirmative | negative | affirmative | negative |
| 1st | sg. | quqüäqau | äau quqüä | quqüäqää | äqqau quqüä | quqüäqauq | äqauq quqüä | quqüäqääuq | äqqauq quqüä | - | - |
| 2nd | quqüäqu | äu quqüä | quqüäqäqu | äqqu quqüä | quqüäqä | äqä quqüä | quqüäqäqä | äqqä quqüä | quqüä | äua quqüä | |
| 3rd | quqüäquq | ää quqüä | quqüäqä | äqq quqüä | quqüäqqa | äqa quqüä | quqüäqäqqa | äqqa quqüä | quqüäqa | äuqaa quqüä | |
| 1st | pl. | quqüäqaüq | äqaüq quqüä | quqüäqäaüq | äqqauq quqüä | quqüäqaüquqqaqq | äqaüquqqaqq quqüä | quqüäqäaüquqqaqq | äqqaüquqqaqq quqüä | quqüäqaqauq | äuqaqauq quqüä |
| 2nd | quqüäququq | äququq quqüä | quqüäqäuquq | äqququq quqüä | quqüäquququqqaqq | äquququqqaqq quqüä | quqüäqäuququqqaqq | äqquququqqaqq quqüä | quqüäqaquq | äuqaquq quqüä | |
| 3rd | quqüäqüüq | äqüüq quqüä | quqüäqäüüq | äqqüüq quqüä | quqüäqqauqqaqq | äqauqqaqq quqüä | quqüäqäüüquqqaqq | äqqauqqaqq quqüä | quqüäqääq | äuqääq quqüä | |
| impersonal | quqüäqua | äqua quqüä | quqüäqäua | äqqua quqüä | - | - | - | - | quqüäqaua | äuqaua quqüä | |
aquqquqa 'to eat'
Non-past:
aquqqau 'I eat'
aquqqu (2sg)
aquqquq (3sg)
aquqqaüq (1pl)
aquqququq (2pl)
aquqqüüq (3pl)
aquqqua (impersonal)
äau aquq 'I do not eat'
äu aquq
ää aquq
äqaüq aquq
äququq aquq
äqüüq aquq
äqua aquq