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(Created page with "Tesseraec The modern pieces of the language resurrected from a slightly waterlogged dictionary Alphabet Most of the phonetics aren’t actually confirmed, but just what seemed to fit well. Consonants Letter IPA Phonetics Notes Bb /b/ as in bird Cc /ʃ/ as in shell (not cat or cell) Dd /ð/ as in this, not as in thick Gg /ʤ/ as in joke, not as in genre or grace Hh /h/ as in house, or silent Jj /j/ as in yet Kk /k/ as in crack Ll /l/ as in lamb Mm /m/ as in middle Nn /n/...")
 
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Tesseraec
The modern pieces of the language resurrected from a slightly waterlogged dictionary
Alphabet
Most of the phonetics aren’t actually confirmed, but just what seemed to fit well.
Consonants
Letter
IPA Phonetics
Notes
Bb
/b/
as in bird
Cc
/ʃ/
as in shell (not cat or cell)
Dd
/ð/
as in this, not as in thick
Gg
/ʤ/
as in joke, not as in genre or grace
Hh
/h/
as in house, or silent
Jj
/j/
as in yet
Kk
/k/
as in crack
Ll
/l/
as in lamb
Mm
/m/
as in middle
Nn
/n/ or /ŋ/
as in night or song
Pp
/ɸ/
position to say /p/, but make /f/ there instead
Rr
/ɹ/
as in rock, silent after [Aa] before a consonant
Ss
/s/
as in soul
Tt
/t/ or /d/
as in tall, doll (/t/ at the start of words, /d/ other)
Vv
/v/
as in voltage
Ww
/ʍ/ or /w/
as in whale, Wales (/ʍ/ initial, /w/ other)
Zz
/z/
as in zip


Vowels
All vowels start in complex form. A primitive sound is usually marked by two of the same consonant after the vowel or by a single-letter word; a glide is usually marked by two of the same consonant before, an [Aa] after, or by doubling the letter. Glides cannot be in the first syllable of a word.
Letter
Complex Sound
Primitive Sound
Glide
Aa
/æ/ as in cat
/a/ as in British start
/aʊ/ as in cow
Ee
/e/ as in they
/ɛ/ as in bed
/eɪ/ as in they
Ii
/i/ as in seed
/ɪ/ as in sit
/ɪ:/ as in sing
Oo
/ɔ/ as in sword
/a/ as in father
/oʊ/ as in coat
Øø
/ø/, similar to bird
/əɹ/ as in sir
/ə/ as in sofa
Uu
/u/ as in boot
/ʊ/ as in put
/ɪu:/ as in ew
Digraphs and Ligatures
Letters
IPA Phonetics
Notes
AE/ae
/aɪ/
as in pie
Æ/æ
/æ/
used sometimes to indicate complex [Aa]
AU/au
/aʊ/
used sometimes to indicate [Aa] glide
CC/cc
/ʧ/ or /k/
as in church, crack
CH/ch
/ʧ/
as in church
EY/ey
/eɪ/
used to indicate [Ee] glide at the end of a word
GG/gg
/g/
as in fog
NN/nn
/n/
as in night
OW/ow
/oʊ/
as in coat
PH/ph
/f/
as in phone
TH/th
/θ/
as in thick
UH/uh
/ʌ/
as in cut
UR/ur
/əɹ/
as in sir
VV/vv
/ʋ/
say /v/ and /w/ at the same time
ZH/zh
/ʒ/
as in genre
Examples
Word
Meaning + Part of Speech
IPA Phonetics
azhnur
if only (adv)
/æʒ’nəɹ/
clovve
to sleep (v)
/ʃlɑ’ʋeɪ/
hiccøa
achoo (interj)
/hɪ,ʧɪu:’/
Grammar
Syntax
Simple syntax is normally Subject-Verb-Object form, but it can change. This is just traditional; it can be said in any order because Tesseraec nouns have cases. Adjectives also usually come right before their noun(s), and indirect adverbs always come at the start of sentences.
Nouns and Pronouns
There are three types of nouns (pronouns included): Direct Nouns, Relative Nouns, and Locative Nouns. A general noun is a noun that can be all three. A noun is made up of its root and affix(es). For example, mi (/mi/) is a general noun that means “me,” orel (/ɔ,ɹel’/) is a general noun that means “ear,” and auri (/aʊ’ɹi/) is a relative noun means “one that hears.” It is often used in the relative place of “ear.” They are both distinctively feminine nouns, which is why they follow a slightly different pattern of endings from mi (non-feminine).
Direct Nouns
morph: i→e
Singular (Ex 1)¹
Plural (Ex 1)
Singular (Ex f.)
Plural (Ex f.)²
Ergative
miji (I)
miis (we)
orela (ear)
orelis (ears)
Accusative
meum (me)
meus (us)
orelum (ear)
orelus (ears)
Intransitive/
Vocative
miji (I)
mijus (we)
orela (ear)
orelae (ears)
Relative Nouns
no morph
Singular (Ex 1)
Plural (Ex 1)
Singular (Ex f.)
Plural (Ex f.)
Genitive
omiji (my/mine)
omijis (ours)
aurio (hearer’s)
auriae (hearers’)
Dative
amijum (to me)
amijus (to us)
aurium (to ear)
aurius (to ears)
Instrumental
mijicc (with me)
miuns (using us)
auricc (with ear)
aurials (w/ ears)
Ablative
miun (about me)
miuns (about us)
aurial (than ear)
aurials (so, ears)
Locative Nouns
morph: i→u
Singular (Ex 1)
Plural (Ex 1)
Singular (Ex f.)
Plural (Ex f.)
Positionitive
miøl (place of me)
mius (our place)
orelal (ear place)
orelius
Temporal
mivven (time of me)
mivves (our time)
orelven (ear time)
orelvas
Inessive
imiøl (in me)
imies (in us)
iorelal (in ear)
iorelvus
Nouns can have prefixes, but not suffixes. For example, om- is the prefix meaning “self,” so the relative noun root for “myself” is hommi /ɑ’mɪ:/. Note: All reflexive pronouns are relative, but their genitive forms can be used as direct objects, depending on context. Informally, the initial o is usually dropped.
List of simple personal pronoun roots
¹Masculine
²Feminine
¹Inanimate/Epicene
1st person
mi
mi
mi
2nd person
toi
toi
iti, toi
3rd person
hi
si
iti, si
Verbs
Verbs are not gendered, but endings are changed by person, tense, and mood. A verb consists of its root, ending, and sometimes an adverbal enclitic in the form of a prefix.
Indicative
Subjunctive
Interrogative
Pluperfect
-(e)nt, (ø)nt, (u)nt
-(e)ntis, (ø)nta, (u)nta
(e)ntud, (ø)ntud, (u)ntu
Imperfect
-(c)int, ønt, aunt
(c)intis, ønta, aunta
(c)intu, øntu, auntu
Recent past
-(e)d, (o)d, (u)d
-(et)is, otis/a, (ut)a
-(d)eu, ou, ua
Present
-(d)e, øu, au
-(d)e, øu, au
-(th)e, øu, au
Present continuous
-(d)it, aut, utt
-(d)it, aut, (w)ett
-(th)it, øt, ut
Future
-(e)nn, u, a
-(ei)nn, u, a
-(ei)kk, kku, kkal
Adjectives and Adverbs
Each “adroot” can be attached to a verb or adjective as an enclitic prefix (acting as an adverb) or added to an adjective suffix (adjective form). These formed adjectives always need a noun to describe them.
Most common Adjective Suffixes
Suffix
-al/ack
-ekt/ecc
-ur(dv)
–(u)per/om
-(e)gre
-(ø)ccae
Meaning
adjective
partly/split
opposite
extra
maybe
strongly
Example
tual (2)
tuekt (½)
tuurdv (-2)
tuper (few)
tuegre (~2)
—
Example
maddack (bad/evil)
maddecc
(creepy)
maddur
(good)
madduper
(demonic)
—
maddøccae
(savage)
There are other suffixes, they are just not as used.
Prepositions
There are no words for “of,” “in,” “for,” or “at,” since these are included in nouns’ grammatical case. There are no postpositions. “Non” (not/no/never) can be used as a prefix to say the opposite. Here are some common prepositions and the case to use for the noun they are describing:
Word
Meaning
Case(s)
a
to, toward
Positionitive/Dative
an
beyond
Positionitive
konlic
through, between
Intstrumental/Positionitive
mulka
plus, with
Dative
wey
like, similar to
Dative
nonna
away from
Positionitive
nonmulka
without
Dative
nonwey
unlike
Dative
If a noun modified by a preposition does not use the case described here, its meaning changes. For example “a orelal aumiji” means “toward my ear,” but “a iorelal aumiji” means “into my ear.”
Example sentences
“Miji wake”→”I walk.”
“Wakent maddack cupiøl eccau”→”I have walked where the evil store is now.”
“Se tuij øffe heum, øffeinn tuium”→”If you punch him, I’ll punch you.”
“Wakintis”→”I would run.”
“Tuijus øffou itium?”→“Did y’all punch it?”
“Miji spedwakint a iccupiøl”→“I was running into the store.”
Conjunctions
Conjunctions can connect any two words of the same part of speech or clauses. For example, “Wake et spedwake poa methe?” (literally “I should walk and I should speed walk or should I not”) means “Should I walk and run or not?”
Interjections
Normally two words in a contraction, except for these:
“O”→ wow, whoa, awesome
“Te”→ yes, correct, OK
“Non”→ no, not happening, not true
“Ben”→ good, yay, congratulations
Examples of contraction interjections
“N’voimerget”→ contraction of “non” (not/never/no) and “novoimerge” (please/I need) used to beg, similar to “help” or literal “no, please!” /n:vɔɪˈmer.gət/
“Madda’kelv”→ contraction of “maddack” (bad/evil) and “eld” (flame) used as an expression of anger, similar to “ugh” or “dang it!” /maˈðə.kɛlvˌ/
Text Excerpts and Vocabulary
With the dictionary a ripped page was found with this written on it:
Tual Secti
Peri stubud. Grakei eccud sius! Siis bombud “N’voimerget!” Sett imoi nonpropud. Citihomes eccud vitlal. “Nonal homes propa? Mijus nesse imeum!”
Ograkei terrøl eccud homes eccau. Elda propud sius. Aulis bumbud sumal terrøl.
Sett peri hida, et hiji aktud. Eccud unal homum eccau. Ohiji verti eccud: marta grakeum. Morti pevatud ante hijum.
Hiji pre
That is all we have. The rest of the page is ripped off. The thought to be translation is this: “The boy stared in amazement. The dragon was there with them! They yelled ’Help!’ But no help came. The villagers were angry. ‘No people will come? We need help!’
“In the dragon’s land the people were now. Fire came in them. Screams sounded around the land.
“But the boy should hide, and he did. He was the only person now. His duty was to slay the dragon. Death stood before him.
“He…”
Simple Vocab
Word
Part of Speech
Deduced Translation
a
preposition
to, toward
aktent aktcint
verb
to do or act
an
preposition
beyond
aurio aurium auricc
noun
one that hears; ear
benal ben-
adroot
good, well
citial citi-
adroot
of the city/state/nation
cupiod ocupiod cupiøl
noun
shop, store, market stand
drollal drol-
adroot
dull, boring
drollent drollint
verb
to make another tired
eccent eccint
verb
to be
elda eldo eldalv
noun
fire
grakei ograkei grakøl
noun
dragon, great serpent
hiji ohiji hiøl
noun
male 3p pronoun (he, him, ...)
homine homineum homine
noun
person, human
iti itio itijicc
noun
inanimate pronoun (it, you, _)
itni itnium itnijicc
noun
a burning/living flame
Tesseraec
The modern pieces of the language resurrected from a slightly waterlogged dictionary
Alphabet
Most of the phonetics aren’t actually confirmed, but just what seemed to fit well.
Consonants
Letter
IPA Phonetics
Notes
Bb
/b/
as in bird
Cc
/ʃ/
as in shell (not cat or cell)
Dd
/ð/
as in this, not as in thick
Gg
/ʤ/
as in joke, not as in genre or grace
Hh
/h/
as in house, or silent
Jj
/j/
as in yet
Kk
/k/
as in crack
Ll
/l/
as in lamb
Mm
/m/
as in middle
Nn
/n/ or /ŋ/
as in night or song
Pp
/ɸ/
position to say /p/, but make /f/ there instead
Rr
/ɹ/
as in rock, silent after [Aa] before a consonant
Ss
/s/
as in soul
Tt
/t/ or /d/
as in tall, doll (/t/ at the start of words, /d/ other)
Vv
/v/
as in voltage
Ww
/ʍ/ or /w/
as in whale, Wales (/ʍ/ initial, /w/ other)
Zz
/z/
as in zip
Vowels
All vowels start in complex form. A primitive sound is usually marked by two of the same consonant after the vowel or by a single-letter word; a glide is usually marked by two of the same consonant before, an [Aa] after, or by doubling the letter. Glides cannot be in the first syllable of a word.
Letter
Complex Sound
Primitive Sound
Glide
Aa
/æ/ as in cat
/a/ as in British start
/aʊ/ as in cow
Ee
/e/ as in they
/ɛ/ as in bed
/eɪ/ as in they
Ii
/i/ as in seed
/ɪ/ as in sit
/ɪ:/ as in sing
Oo
/ɔ/ as in sword
/a/ as in father
/oʊ/ as in coat
Øø
/ø/, similar to bird
/əɹ/ as in sir
/ə/ as in sofa
Uu
/u/ as in boot
/ʊ/ as in put
/ɪu:/ as in ew
Digraphs and Ligatures
Letters
IPA Phonetics
Notes
AE/ae
/aɪ/
as in pie
Æ/æ
/æ/
used sometimes to indicate complex [Aa]
AU/au
/aʊ/
used sometimes to indicate [Aa] glide
CC/cc
/ʧ/ or /k/
as in church, crack
CH/ch
/ʧ/
as in church
EY/ey
/eɪ/
used to indicate [Ee] glide at the end of a word
GG/gg
/g/
as in fog
NN/nn
/n/
as in night
OW/ow
/oʊ/
as in coat
PH/ph
/f/
as in phone
TH/th
/θ/
as in thick
UH/uh
/ʌ/
as in cut
UR/ur
/əɹ/
as in sir
VV/vv
/ʋ/
say /v/ and /w/ at the same time
ZH/zh
/ʒ/
as in genre
Examples
Word
Meaning + Part of Speech
IPA Phonetics
azhnur
if only (adv)
/æʒ’nəɹ/
clovve
to sleep (v)
/ʃlɑ’ʋeɪ/
hiccøa
achoo (interj)
/hɪ,ʧɪu:’/
Grammar
Syntax
Simple syntax is normally Subject-Verb-Object form, but it can change. This is just traditional; it can be said in any order because Tesseraec nouns have cases. Adjectives also usually come right before their noun(s), and indirect adverbs always come at the start of sentences.
Nouns and Pronouns
There are three types of nouns (pronouns included): Direct Nouns, Relative Nouns, and Locative Nouns. A general noun is a noun that can be all three. A noun is made up of its root and affix(es). For example, mi (/mi/) is a general noun that means “me,” orel (/ɔ,ɹel’/) is a general noun that means “ear,” and auri (/aʊ’ɹi/) is a relative noun means “one that hears.” It is often used in the relative place of “ear.” They are both distinctively feminine nouns, which is why they follow a slightly different pattern of endings from mi (non-feminine).
Direct Nouns
morph: i→e
Singular (Ex 1)¹
Plural (Ex 1)
Singular (Ex f.)
Plural (Ex f.)²
Ergative
miji (I)
miis (we)
orela (ear)
orelis (ears)
Accusative
meum (me)
meus (us)
orelum (ear)
orelus (ears)
Intransitive/
Vocative
miji (I)
mijus (we)
orela (ear)
orelae (ears)
Relative Nouns
no morph
Singular (Ex 1)
Plural (Ex 1)
Singular (Ex f.)
Plural (Ex f.)
Genitive
omiji (my/mine)
omijis (ours)
aurio (hearer’s)
auriae (hearers’)
Dative
amijum (to me)
amijus (to us)
aurium (to ear)
aurius (to ears)
Instrumental
mijicc (with me)
miuns (using us)
auricc (with ear)
aurials (w/ ears)
Ablative
miun (about me)
miuns (about us)
aurial (than ear)
aurials (so, ears)
Locative Nouns
morph: i→u
Singular (Ex 1)
Plural (Ex 1)
Singular (Ex f.)
Plural (Ex f.)
Positionitive
miøl (place of me)
mius (our place)
orelal (ear place)
orelius
Temporal
mivven (time of me)
mivves (our time)
orelven (ear time)
orelvas
Inessive
imiøl (in me)
imies (in us)
iorelal (in ear)
iorelvus
Nouns can have prefixes, but not suffixes. For example, om- is the prefix meaning “self,” so the relative noun root for “myself” is hommi /ɑ’mɪ:/. Note: All reflexive pronouns are relative, but their genitive forms can be used as direct objects, depending on context. Informally, the initial o is usually dropped.
List of simple personal pronoun roots
¹Masculine
²Feminine
¹Inanimate/Epicene
1st person
mi
mi
mi
2nd person
toi
toi
iti, toi
3rd person
hi
si
iti, si
Verbs
Verbs are not gendered, but endings are changed by person, tense, and mood. A verb consists of its root, ending, and sometimes an adverbal enclitic in the form of a prefix.
Indicative
Subjunctive
Interrogative
Pluperfect
-(e)nt, (ø)nt, (u)nt
-(e)ntis, (ø)nta, (u)nta
(e)ntud, (ø)ntud, (u)ntu
Imperfect
-(c)int, ønt, aunt
(c)intis, ønta, aunta
(c)intu, øntu, auntu
Recent past
-(e)d, (o)d, (u)d
-(et)is, otis/a, (ut)a
-(d)eu, ou, ua
Present
-(d)e, øu, au
-(d)e, øu, au
-(th)e, øu, au
Present continuous
-(d)it, aut, utt
-(d)it, aut, (w)ett
-(th)it, øt, ut
Future
-(e)nn, u, a
-(ei)nn, u, a
-(ei)kk, kku, kkal
Adjectives and Adverbs
Each “adroot” can be attached to a verb or adjective as an enclitic prefix (acting as an adverb) or added to an adjective suffix (adjective form). These formed adjectives always need a noun to describe them.
Most common Adjective Suffixes
Suffix
-al/ack
-ekt/ecc
-ur(dv)
–(u)per/om
-(e)gre
-(ø)ccae
Meaning
adjective
partly/split
opposite
extra
maybe
strongly
Example
tual (2)
tuekt (½)
tuurdv (-2)
tuper (few)
tuegre (~2)
—
Example
maddack (bad/evil)
maddecc
(creepy)
maddur
(good)
madduper
(demonic)
—
maddøccae
(savage)
There are other suffixes, they are just not as used.
Prepositions
There are no words for “of,” “in,” “for,” or “at,” since these are included in nouns’ grammatical case. There are no postpositions. “Non” (not/no/never) can be used as a prefix to say the opposite. Here are some common prepositions and the case to use for the noun they are describing:
Word
Meaning
Case(s)
a
to, toward
Positionitive/Dative
an
beyond
Positionitive
konlic
through, between
Intstrumental/Positionitive
mulka
plus, with
Dative
wey
like, similar to
Dative
nonna
away from
Positionitive
nonmulka
without
Dative
nonwey
unlike
Dative
If a noun modified by a preposition does not use the case described here, its meaning changes. For example “a orelal aumiji” means “toward my ear,” but “a iorelal aumiji” means “into my ear.”
Example sentences
“Miji wake”→”I walk.”
“Wakent maddack cupiøl eccau”→”I have walked where the evil store is now.”
“Se tuij øffe heum, øffeinn tuium”→”If you punch him, I’ll punch you.”
“Wakintis”→”I would run.”
“Tuijus øffou itium?”→“Did y’all punch it?”
“Miji spedwakint a iccupiøl”→“I was running into the store.”
Conjunctions
Conjunctions can connect any two words of the same part of speech or clauses. For example, “Wake et spedwake poa methe?” (literally “I should walk and I should speed walk or should I not”) means “Should I walk and run or not?”
Interjections
Normally two words in a contraction, except for these:
“O”→ wow, whoa, awesome
“Te”→ yes, correct, OK
“Non”→ no, not happening, not true
“Ben”→ good, yay, congratulations
Examples of contraction interjections
“N’voimerget”→ contraction of “non” (not/never/no) and “novoimerge” (please/I need) used to beg, similar to “help” or literal “no, please!” /n:vɔɪˈmer.gət/
“Madda’kelv”→ contraction of “maddack” (bad/evil) and “eld” (flame) used as an expression of anger, similar to “ugh” or “dang it!” /maˈðə.kɛlvˌ/
Text Excerpts and Vocabulary
With the dictionary a ripped page was found with this written on it:
Tual Secti
Peri stubud. Grakei eccud sius! Siis bombud “N’voimerget!” Sett imoi nonpropud. Citihomes eccud vitlal. “Nonal homes propa? Mijus nesse imeum!”
Ograkei terrøl eccud homes eccau. Elda propud sius. Aulis bumbud sumal terrøl.
Sett peri hida, et hiji aktud. Eccud unal homum eccau. Ohiji verti eccud: marta grakeum. Morti pevatud ante hijum.
Hiji pre
That is all we have. The rest of the page is ripped off. The thought to be translation is this: “The boy stared in amazement. The dragon was there with them! They yelled ’Help!’ But no help came. The villagers were angry. ‘No people will come? We need help!’
“In the dragon’s land the people were now. Fire came in them. Screams sounded around the land.
“But the boy should hide, and he did. He was the only person now. His duty was to slay the dragon. Death stood before him.
“He…”
Simple Vocab
Word
Part of Speech
Deduced Translation
a
preposition
to, toward
aktent aktcint
verb
to do or act
an
preposition
beyond
aurio aurium auricc
noun
one that hears; ear
benal ben-
adroot
good, well
citial citi-
adroot
of the city/state/nation
cupiod ocupiod cupiøl
noun
shop, store, market stand
drollal drol-
adroot
dull, boring
drollent drollint
verb
to make another tired
eccent eccint
verb
to be
elda eldo eldalv
noun
fire
grakei ograkei grakøl
noun
dragon, great serpent
hiji ohiji hiøl
noun
male 3p pronoun (he, him, ...)
homine homineum homine
noun
person, human
iti itio itijicc
noun
inanimate pronoun (it, you, _)
itni itnium itnijicc
noun
a burning/living flame

Latest revision as of 20:01, 2 February 2025

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