User:IlL/A Danified analytic Neo-Arabic
Venetian Hebrew (ngiwrith /ˈɲiwriθ/) is a basilect of Hebrew spoken in Lõis's Northern Italy, Austria and Southern Germany. The phonology is similar to Allemañisch.
Numbers: 0-10: afs, édh (m)/áth (f), hnay (m)/stay (f), σusz, arbøng, homisz, szesz, szew, hmun, teszøng, ngaσør
11-20: édh/áth ngaσør, hnay/stay ngaσør, σusz ngaσør, arbøng ngaσør, homisz ngaσør, szesz ngaσør, szew ngaσør, hmun ngaσør, teszøŋ ngaσør, ngaσre
40: stay ngaσre
60: σusz ngaσre
...
120: merkø
14400: rúø
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
/m pʰ b f w n tʰ t˭ d θ ð ts s z ɬ ʂ j ŋ kʰ k˭ g x h l r/ ⟨m p b f w n t tt d th dh ts s z σ sz y ng k kk g kh h l r⟩
Allophonic palatalization occurs before /ɛ/, /i/ or /j/. /ŋ kʰ k˭ g x/ palatalize to alveolopalatals /ɲ tɕʰ tɕ˭ dʑ ɕ/.
Mutations
Words can undergo initial lenition, as in Irish and Tiberian Hebrew:
p- b- t- d- k- g- > f- w- th- dh- kh- Ø-
"Already lenited" consonants lenite as follows: f w th dh kh Ø > nf, nw, nth, ndh, nkh, n
Vowels
/a ɛ i ɔ u ə a: ɛ: i: ɔ: u: ə:/ = ⟨a e i o u ø á é í ó ú ǿ⟩
Word-final /i/ is silent and palatalizes the preceding consonant.
Prosody
Stress
Stress is always penultimate.
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns and adjectives
Nouns are either masculine or feminine, and inflect for number. Adjectives agree with nouns in gender and number.
- The regular feminine singular suffix is -ø or -th.
- The regular masculine plural suffix is -i after consonants and -yø after vowels.
- The regular feminine plural is -uth.
køfor, køfori (m) = village, villages
bagbøg, bagbøgi (m) = bottle, bottles
i, iyø (m) = island, islands
kkiszø, kkiszøyø (m) = squash, squashes
gøfø, gøfuth (f) = corpse, corpses
tagrith, tagriyuth (f) = incident, incidents
Verbs
Clauses take the form of inflected pronoun + preposition/aspect marker + verbal noun.
Copula
→ Person ↓ Truth value |
1sg | 2sg.m | 2sg.f | 3sg.m | 3sg.f | 1pl.in | 2pl | 3pl |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Affirmative | ni | to | te | u | i | nan | ti | em |
Interrogative | ini | intø | int | imu | imi | inan | inti | iyum |
Negative | eni | ekhø | ekh | enu | enø | enen | ekhi | enøm |
Syntax
Constituent order
Noun phrase
The definite article is a clitic:
- Singular: -az (after C) or -zø (after V)
- Plural: -il
Examples:
- hadhør = a room
- hadhraz = the room
- hadhri = rooms
- hadhril = the rooms
- hadhør gdul = a big room
- hadhør gdulaz = the big room
- boti gduli = big houses
- boti gdulil = the big houses
Verb phrase
Isz li rangu "I'm hungry"