Anrish

Anrish tenga Ænrza ᛬​ᛏᛖᛝᚭ·ᛆᚾᚱᛋᚭ᛬
Progress: 96%
Type
Fusional
Alignment
Nominative-accusative
Head direction
Initial	Mixed		Final
Primary word order
Object-verb-subject
Tonal
Yes
Declensions
Yes
Conjugations
Yes
Genders
0
Nouns decline according to...
Case		Number
Definiteness		Gender
Verbs conjugate according to...
Voice		Mood
Person		Number
Tense		Aspect

Anrish
tenga Ænrza ᛬​ᛏᛖᛝᚭ·ᛆᚾᚱᛋᚭ᛬
The official flag of the nation of Anerrot.
Pronunciation	[/ˈteŋɡa ˈai̯nrt͡sa/]
Created by	Ariadna Egnras
Setting	Anerrot, northwest of Ireland
Language family	Indo-European Centum Germanic Anrish
Early forms	Old Anrish Middle Anrish
Official status
Official language in	Anerrot
Language codes
ISO 639-3	qrz

Anrish (tenga Ænrza, Runic:᛬​ᛏᛖᛝᚭ·ᛆᚾᚱᛋᚭ᛬) is a Germanic language created by Ariadna Egnras to be a language spoken by the native inhabitants of Anerrot, an archipelago and nation encompassing such to the northwest of Ireland.

The language, while being ultimately Germanic, is influenced by Celtic (more commonly by Goidelic), North Germanic languages, and Ariadna's native idiolect of Bulgarian. Thus making the language a posteriori, with a defined system of evolution throuğ Old & Middle Anrish.

History

Etymology

The name "Anrish" is derived simply from a combination of the Anrish endonym Anr + -ish in English. Similarly, Anerrot is derived from a compound in Anrish of Anr + ort, translating approximately to "the place of the Anrish".

Phonology

Orthography

Latin initial	Latin medial	Runic initial	Runic medial	IPA sound
A a		ᚭ		/a/
Æ æ		ᛆ		/ai̯/
AU Au au		ᛆᚢ		/au̯/
B b	P p	ᛒ	ᛄ	/b/
P p		ᛄ		/p/
BR Br br	PR pr	ᛒᚱ	ᛄᚱ	/pr/
C c	K k	ᚳ	ᚳ	/k/
G g		ᚷ		/ɡ/
D d	Ð ð	ᚴ		/ð/
	T t	ᚴ	ᛏ	/d/
T t		ᛏ		/t/
	DL dl		ᚴᚹ	/tɬ/
DR Dr dr	TR tr	ᚴᚱ		/tr/
E e		ᛖ		/ɛ/
EA Ea ea		ᛆᛁ		/ɛa̯/
EI Ei ei		ᛖᛁ		/ɛi̯/
EO Eo eo		ᛖᚭ		/ɛo̯/
F f		ᚠ		/f/
FR Fr fr	FR fr	ᚠᚱ		/fr/
	FS fs		ᚠᛞ	/fs/
	FT ft		ᚠᛏ	/fd/
GN Gn gn	NG ng	ᛝ		/ŋ/
	GNR gnr		ᛝᚱ	/ŋʀ/
	GNT gnt		ᛝᚴ	/ŋd/
H h		ᚼ		/h/
HL Hl hl	LH lh	ᚹ		/ɬ/
HR Hr hr	RH rh	ᚻ		/ʀ/
I i		ᛁ		/i/
IO Io io		ᛁᚢ		/iu̯/
J j		ᛁ		/j/
	KR kr		ᚳᚱ	/kʀ/
L l		ᛚ		/l/
	LB lb		ᛚᚠ, ᚱᚠ	/rf/
	LK lk		ᛚᚳ	/ɬɡ/
	LT lt		ᚹᚴ, ᛚᚴ	/ɬd/
M m		ᛘ		/m/
	MP mp		ᛘᛄ	/mb/
	MR mr		ᛘᚱ	/mr/
	MT mt		ᛘᛏ	/md/
N n		ᚾ		/n/
	NR nr		ᚾᚱ	/nr/
	NT nt		ᚾᛏ	/nd/
	NZ nz		ᚾᛋ	/nt͡s/
O o		ᚮ		/ɔ/
OU Ou ou		ᚮᚢ		/ʌu̯/
R r		ᚱ		/r/
	RK rk		ᚱᚳ	/ʀɡ/
	RT rt		ᚱᛏ, ᚱᚴ	/ɹd/
	RZ rz		ᚱᛋ	/ɹt͡s/
S s		ᛞ		/s/
SR Sr sr	RR rr	ᛊ		/ɹ/
U u		ᚢ		/u/
	X x		ᚻᛞ	/ʀs/
	XT xt		ᚻᚴ	/ʀt/
	XZ xz		ᚻᛋ	/ʀt͡s/
Y y		ᛦ		/iɤ̯/
Ý ý		ᚣ		/ɤi̯/
YØ Yø yø		ᛦᚢ		/ĭɤʊ̯/
	Z z		ᛋ	/t͡s/
Ø ø		ᛟ		/ui̯/
Ǫ ǫ		ᛆᚭ		/uʌ̯/
◌́				/◌ː/

Latin

The Latin alphabet as a part of the language was introduced by Irish & Norse Christian missionaries during the Middle ages. Because of the ill-suiting of Irish phonology & its Latin to the language, coupled with the reaction to attempted colonization, their influence was left minimal, with the Nordic innovations being much better suited, allowing the written language to appear "Germanic-esque" in a sense. Another major factor in the Romanization of Anrish was the later advent of the printing press, created exclusively for Latin-based writing systems.

Runic

The Runic alphabet has existed as a part of the language even prior to the migration to the archipelago by the Anrish, and was likely the first writing system to be adopted by the language.

Consonants

Anrish consonant phonemes

		Labial	Coronal	Dorsal
Nasal		m	n	ŋ
Stop	voiceless	p	t	k
	voiced	b	d	ɡ
Affricate			t͡s
Fricative	voiceless	f	s	h
	voiced		ð
Tap			r	ʀ
Approximant			ɹ	j
Lateral	fricative		ɬ
	approx.		l

Vowels

Anrish vowel phonemes

	Front	Central	Back
Hiğ	i	ĭɤʊ̯	u
Open-mid	ɛ		ɔ
Low		a

Anrish diphthong phonemes

		Ending
		Front	Central	Back
Intitial	/ä-/	ai̯		au̯
	/ɛ-/	ɛi̯	ɛa̯	ɛo̯
	/i-/		iɤ̯	iu̯
	/ə̠-/	ɤi̯		ʌu̯
	/u-/	ui̯	uʌ̯

Phonotactics

Syllable Structure: (C)(r)V(C)²
Where:

• C = Consonant
• r = /r/
• V = Vowel

1. An epenthetic short vowel must occur between /r/ and a following labial in the coda.
2. Truely voiceless consonants may only occur in initial position.
3. If there is a /r/ in initial position, only /p/, /t/, /f/ may precede it.
4. /r/ is often realized as [ɾ].
5. /a/ is often realized as [ä], [ɐ̞].
6. /f/, /b/ often mutate into variations of /v/.
7. /pr/, /tɬ/, /tr/, /fr/, /fs/, /fd/, /ŋg/, /ŋʀ/, /ŋd/, /kʀ/, /rf/, /ɬɡ/, /ɬd/, /mb/, /mr/, /md/, /nr/, /nd/, /nt͡s/, /ʀɡ/, /ɹd/, /ɹt͡s/, /ʀs/, /ʀt/, /ʀt͡s/ are the only clusters that may occupy the coda.
8. The coda of the syllable is often medial, and is synonymous with such for the purposes of this article.
9. /hl/, /ðl/ cannot occur and must mutate into /ɬ/.
10. Laterals cannot occur near labials.

Morphology

An example of Anrish verb morphology; a stop-siğn with "azeð" (stop.2.act.npst.sjv) on it.

Nouns

Unlike many other Germanic languages, Anrish has a 3rd-dimensional declension system consisting of a singular/plural number-distinction, a definiteness-distinction, and a case-distinction of only common, dative, & genitive. The properties of noun-declension are then divided into the 3 categories of a-stem, u-stem, & i-stem.

Adjectives

Firstly, it must be noted that adverbs are not a separate part of speech from adjectives in Anrish. Most adjectives are sufficized with either ‹-a› or ‹-e›

Aside from certain independent adjectives, adjectives are often either considered to be a conjugation of its equivalent verb and vice-versa, with contrasting causative and predicative verb equivalents where the adjective is considered to be the attributive conjugate. Adjectives that are derived from nouns are often simply a mutation on the root plus the addition of an adjective-forming -éa suffix, and lack verbal & comparative forms because of this.

Comparatives are typically derived by the addition of an ‹-ra› or /-sa/ to a mutation on the final consonant, where /k/, /m/, /n/, /p/, /t/ will give ‹-r›, and /ð/, /f/, /l/, /ɬ/, /r/, /s/ will give /-s/. The exceptions to this being a lone ‹s›, which will give ‹-rra› /-ɹa/. An uncomparativized adjective ending in ‹-a› will undergo i-umlaut to the primary vowel, particularly in disyllabic words. An interesting feature of this law is that non-syllabic vowels are considered to be a consonant for the purposes of adding the comparative-former to, but revert to a syllabic state upon the addition of the consonant.

Verbs

With conjugation divided according to classes, an arbitraty weak/strong distinction, and a impersonal/semi-transitive distinction, Anrish has a 4th-dimensional conjugation system consisting of an active/passive voice-distinction, a 1/2/3 form-distinction, a non-past/past tense-distinction, and a subjunctive/indicative mood-distinction. Regarding the form-distinction in particular, the 3 forms correspond directly to a person-distinction, but are differentiated because of sound-changes merging archaic forms, as follows:

		Singular	Plural
1st person	in	form 1
	ex	form 1	form 3
2nd person		form 2
3rd person		form 2	form 3

Aside from normal conjugation, verbs may also be declined as verbal nouns, often restricted to singular number.

Syntax

Constituent order

The constituent order of words in any given sentence is typically object-verb-subject (OVS).

Noun phrase

All relative clauses and modifiers typically precede the noun as the head of an argument.

Morphosyntactic aliğnment

It must be noted that the language is conventionally considered to be nominative-accusative in the sense that it's Centum and not ergative-absolutive. This is due to the fact that the language does not decline nouns according to aliğnment, rather thus placing the language more in the category of direct aliğnment; a situation similar to that of English.

Example texts

Main page: :Category:Anrish literature

Times of the day in Anrish.

• Ishtar spoke to her father - Eð ætene púruð Ishtar

Swadesh list

No.	English	Anrish
0	Anrish	tenga Ænrza
1	I	mea
2	you (singular)	ú
3	he	y
4	we	ór
5	you (plural)	yru
6	they	yr
7	this	hæ
8	that	jà
9	here	hané
10	there	jàné
11	who	fa
12	what	fæ
13	where
14	when
15	how	fé
16	not	è
17	all	fær
18	many
19	some
20	few
21	other
22	one	nau
23	two	pár
24	three	hrír
25	four	feir
26	five	fimt
27	big	sóra
28	long	hlanga
29	wide	jona
30	thick	bynue
31	heavy
32	small	píue
33	short	gnøta
34	narrow
35	thin
36	woman	ænur
37	man (adult male)	caur
38	human being	ap
39	child	eoð
40	wife	fè
41	husband	fæð
42	mother	múr
43	father	æt
44	animal
45	fish
46	bird	jarp
47	dog
48	louse	gnyt
49	snake
50	worm	møt
51	tree
52	forest
53	stick
54	fruit
55	seed
56	leaf	felh
57	root
58	bark
59	flower
60	grass
61	rope
62	skin
63	meat	gorút
64	blood	dør
65	bone	gnok
66	fat
67	egg	neik
68	horn
69	tail
70	feather
71	hair
72	head
73	ear	hlús
74	eye	oú
75	nose	næf
76	mouth	múl
77	tooth
78	tongue	teng
79	fingernail
80	foot
81	leg	løu
82	knee
83	hand	gǫnt
84	wing
85	belly
86	guts
87	neck	gaz
88	back	hrý
89	breast
90	heart	gert
91	liver
92	drink
93	eat	etá
94	bite
95	suck
96	spit
97	vomit
98	blow
99	breathe	ǽðí
100	laugh	cioké
101	see	heuá
102	hear
103	know	cuná
104	think
105	smell
106	fear
107	sleep
108	live	naré
109	die
110	kill
111	fight
112	hunt	jaué
113	hit
114	cut
115	split
116	stab
117	scratch
118	dig
119	swim
120	fly
121	walk	aðá
122	come
123	lie	líá
124	sit
125	stand
126	turn
127	fall
128	give	dá
129	hold
130	squeeze
131	rub
132	wash
133	wipe
134	pull
135	push
136	throw
137	tie
138	sew
139	count
140	say	jeuá
141	sing
142	play
143	float
144	flow
145	freeze	pælí
146	swell
147	sun	peaur
148	moon	méo
149	star	tonu
150	water	lau
151	rain	ras
152	river
153	lake
154	sea
155	salt	halá
156	stone
157	sand
158	dust
159	earth
160	cloud
161	fog
162	sky
163	wind
164	snow
165	ice
166	smoke
167	fire
168	ash
169	burn
170	road
171	mountain
172	red
173	green	ýe
174	yellow
175	white	bá
176	black
177	night	éft
178	day	dó
179	year	ætí
180	warm
181	cold	pala
182	full
183	new	nyøa
184	old
185	good	faurha
186	bad	læta
187	rotten
188	dirty
189	straight
190	round
191	sharp
192	dull
193	smooth
194	wet	okua
195	dry
196	correct
197	near
198	far
199	right
200	left
201	at
202	in	bì
203	with	jo
204	and	jo
205	if	tà
206	because
207	name

Leipzig-Jakarta list

Leipzig-Jakarta List
Rank	Meaning	Anrish
1	fire
2	nose	næf
3	to go	aðá
4	water	lau
5	mouth	múl
6	tongue	teng
7	blood	dør
8	bone	gnok
9	2sg pronoun (you)	ú
10	root
11	to come (move)
12	breast
13	rain	ras
14	1sg pronoun (I)	mea
15	name
16	louse (Phthirapteron)	gnyt
17	wing
18	flesh/meat	gorút
19	arm/hand	gǫnt
20	fly (insect, Dipteron)
21	night (time of day)	éft
22	ear	hlús
23	neck	gaz
24	far (prep.)
25	to do/make
26	house/structure
27	stone/rock (singular object)
28	bitter
29	to say	jeuá
30	tooth
31	hair
32	big	sóra
33	one (number)	nau
34	who?	fa
35	3sg pronoun (they)	y
36	to hit/beat
37	leg/foot	løu
38	horn
39	this (pron.)	hæ
40	fish
41	yesterday
42	to drink
43	black (color)
44	navel
45	to stand
46	to bite
47	back (body-part)	hrý
48	wind
49	smoke (substance)
50	what?	fæ
51	child (kin term)	eoð
52	egg	neik
53	to give	dá
54	new (adj.)	nyøa
55	to burn (intr.)
56	not (adj./adv.)	è
57	good	faurha
58	to know	cuná
59	knee
60	sand
61	to laugh	cioké
62	to hear
63	soil
64	leaf	felh
65	red (color)
66	liver (body-part)
67	to hide
68	skin/hide
69	to suck
70	to carry
71	ant (Formid)
72	heavy
73	to take
74	old
75	to eat	etá
76	thigh
77	thick	bynue
78	long (spacially)	hlanga
79	to blow
80	wood
81	to run
82	to fall
83	eye (body-part)	où
84	ash
85	tail
86	dog
87	to cry/weep
88	to tie
89	to see	heuá
90	sweet
91	rope
92	shade/shadow
93	bird	jarp
94	salt	halá
95	small	píue
96	wide	jona
97	star	tonu
97	in	bì
99	hard (materially)
100	to crush/grind

Chemistry

Periodic table of the Elements in Anrish

Group ↓	Period →	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1		H lauepí	Li	Na	K	Rb	Cs	Fr
2			Be	Mg	Ca	Sr	Ba	Ra
F1							La	Ac
F2							Ce	Th
F3							Pr	Pa
F4							Nd	U
F5							Pm	Np
F6							Sm	Pu
F7							Eu	Am
F8							Gd	Cm
F9							Tb	Bk
F10							Dy	Cf
F11							Ho	Es
F12							Er	Fm
F13							Tm	Md
F14							Yb	No
3					Sc	Y	Lu	Lr
4					Ti	Zr	Hf	Rf
5					V	Nb	Ta	Db
6					Cr	Mo	W	Sg
7					Mn	Tc	Re	Bh
8					Fe jará	Ru	Os	Hs
9					Co	Rh	Ir	Mt
10					Ni	Pd	Pt	Ds
11					Cu eir	Ag arhát	Au hamet	Rg
12					Zn	Cd	Hg	Cn
13			B	Al	Ga	In	Tl	Nh
14			C	Si	Ge/Esi	Sn	Pb	Fl
15			N	P	As	Sb	Bi	Mc
16			O /	S	Se	Te	Po	Lv
17			F	Cl	Br	I	At	Ts
18		He	Ne	Ar	Kr	Xe	Rn	Og