User:Ponzai/Sast

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A language created for personal practice and potential inclusion in the Conglomera project.

Background

Phonology

Consonants

Consonants
Bilabial Labio-dental Dental Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive p b t̪ d̪ t d k g
Fricative f v θ ð s ç1 ʝ ɧ2 h
Lateral fri. ɬ
Flap or tap ɾ

1. Is in some dialects replaced with the voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant /ʃ/
2. Is in some dialects replaced with the normal velar fricative /x/.

Vowels

Vowels
Front Central Back
Close i ɨ
Open-mid ɔ
Near-open æ
Open a

The proto-language contains no diphthongs, though several derived languages do.

Phonotactics

Syllabic Structure

C=Consonant
V=Vowel
F=Fricative
P=Plosive
All syllables have the following structure

  • (F)C(V)V((F)P)


Orthography

Orthography
IPA Romanized
p P p
b B b
Tt tt
Dd dd
t T t
d D d
k K k
g G g
f F f
v V v
θ Tz tz
ð Th th
s S s
ç Ss ss
ʝ Z z
ɧ Sj sj
h H h
ɬ L l
W w
ɾ R r
i I i
ɨ U u
ɔ O o
æ E e
a A a


Grammar

Nouns

Gender

Sast nouns belong to one of four genders:

  • Inanimate - Objects that seem to contain no form of life, like stone.
  • Feminine - Animate objects that seem feminine in nature, such as women, or doors.
  • Masculine - Animate objects that seem masculine in nature, such as men, or lighthouses.
  • Spiritual - Both objects that seem to be supernatural in nature and abstract nouns belong to this gender. Examples being love, fire, or deities.

Nouns inflect differently based on gender, and verbs inflect for the gender of the subject.

Case

Sast nouns are written differently in two cases.

  • Nominative
  • Accusative

Subjects are writting in nominative form, whereas both accusative and dative objects are written in accusative form. The case of a noun affects its suffix in most cases.
Generally, the accusative contains fricatives, while the nominative does not. This is however not always the case.

Number

Noun suffixes
Gender↓ Case
Nominative Accusative
Singular Dual Plural Singular Dual Plural
Inanimate - -ad -at -a -ab -ap
Feminine -u -udd -usjk -usst -ussd -ulk
Masculine -usk -usg -isk -isg
Spiritual -e -eg -ef -efg

Pronouns

Personal pronouns

Interogative and relative pronouns

Indefinite pronouns

Verbs

Adjectives

Adverbs Particles Derivational morphology


Syntax