Hetomic

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Hetomic
Created byPraimhín
SettingRulak
Tsimulhic
  • West Hetomic
    • Hetomic
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Classical Hetomic /hɛˈtʌmɪk/ or Boot Polish is a classical language of Rulak, notable for having the first complete written grammar in Rulakian history. Its modern revived form is Reboot Polish. Phylogenetically it is a descendant of Tsimulh, like Gum Arabic and Kauder Welsh spoken in Eastern Hetom.


Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

pʰ p b tʰ t d tsʰ ts dz = p p’ b t t’ d ts ts’ dz

tɕʰ tɕ dʑ tʂʰ tʂ dʐ kʰ k g = tx tx’ dj tsh tsh’ dzh k k’ g

f v s z ɕ ʑ ʂ ʐ x ɣ h = f v s z x j sh zh ch gh ħ

m n ɳ ŋ l ɻ w j = m n nh ŋ l r w y

i ɪ ɛ æ ʏ ø ɨ ə u ʊ o ɔ ɑ = î i e ä ü ö õ ə û u ô o a

Consonants

Labial Dental Retroflex Palatal Velar Glottal
Nasal m n ɲ ŋ
Plosive tenuis p t k
aspirated
voiced b d g
Fricative voiceless f s ʂ ɕ x h
voiced v z ʐ ʑ ɣ
Affricate tenuis ts
aspirated tsʰ tʂʰ tɕʰ
voiced dz
Approximant l ɻ j w

Vowels

Front Central Back
unrounded rounded
Close i u
Near-close ɪ ʏ ɨ ʊ
Mid ø ə o
Open-mid ɛ ɔ
Open æ ɑ
Diphthongs ɛj əj øj ɛw əw øw

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Verbal aspects and voices

perfective, progressive, inchoative, gnomic, momentane, frequentative

passive, causative, reflexive


Syntax

Almost completely head-initial

No wh-movement

Verbs used as case markers

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Example texts

Lexicon

dji = general interrogative

helin = water

helints = my water, helinf = your water, helintsd = our water, helintsp = our water (inclusive), helinfd = your water (pl.)

li = past tense prefix

xä = future tense prefix

numbers: øtsæn, ʊɹtʰ, ʊpʰl, ʈʂʰɪsɪ, ʏmdz, pʰɪtsʰʊ, bɪm, pdɪ, dzɔtɕu, xɨɹʊ, ɛmis, ɔʈʂɛx <- awc̓ān urət ukʷəl craysi uymədᶻ kʷicū əƞgʷim k̓ʷədi dᶻaƞƛ̓ū xīƞru amīs aƞc̓rax (1 to 12)


Other resources