Hirathic: Difference between revisions
Chrysophylax (talk | contribs) m (→Name) |
Chrysophylax (talk | contribs) mNo edit summary |
||
Line 34: | Line 34: | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology== | ||
==Loans== | |||
A specific subset of the lexicon contains a substantial amount of loanwords from an unidentified substrate language, primarily in marine, religious and warfare contexts. This language has been called the [[Hirathic/Substrate|Hirathic substrate language]]. | |||
Some examples (Brightraven 2013): | |||
: {{c|χαφταψ}} ''χaphtaps'' 'warlord', from '''xaphdáph''' of the same meaning. | |||
: {{c|δαϝοτυς}} ''davotus'' 'priest of a particular god', from '''dáwátus''' 'lighter of the flame' | |||
: {{c|φεθαχς}} ''phethax'' 'axe-bearer, bodyguard', from '''fexa''' 'axe' | |||
: {{c|nωθη}} ''nōthē'' 'the Ocean', from '''nōthē''' of the same meaning. | |||
: {{c|θηθυψ}} ''thēthups'' 'temple', from '''sēdhuf''' of the same meaning. | |||
: {{c|ϝυχοτυς}} ''vuχotus'' 'orator', from '''wuhkotus''' 'who makes speech'. | |||
: {{c|ϝυναχς}} ''vunax'' 'poet', from '''wuhnako''' 'who has speech as a profession', from '''wuhko''' + infix '''-na-''' 'profession' | |||
: {{c|νωναθηι}} ''nōnathēi'' 'fisherman' from '''nōnathē''' 'who has the sea as a profession', from '''nōthē''' + infix '''-na-''' 'profession' | |||
==Language sample== | ==Language sample== |
Revision as of 06:17, 13 November 2013
Hirathic | |
---|---|
ΧΙΡΑΘΙΣ hirathis | |
Pronunciation | [[Help:IPA|χiˈɾaθis]] |
Created by | – |
Native speakers | - (2013) |
Indo-European
| |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-1 | hi |
ISO 639-2 | hi |
ISO 639-3 | qhi |
Background
Hirathic is my latest attempt at making an a posteriori language based on Proto-Indo-European. It is primarily inspired by developments found in the Greek and Albanian branches of the Indo-European language family. It also serves as yet another opportunity for me to delve into Indo-European linguistics. Hirathic has furthermore a set of words from an in-universe pre-Indo-European language termed the Hirathic substrate language which is basically my excuse to plop in words here and there without having to take them from a PIE root.
Unlike Dhannuá which was originally envisioned as a plausible modern Indo-European-descended language, I aim for Hirathic to be more like Old Norse, Sanskrit, Old Latin, Ancient Greek, that is, a language of epic cants and myths that is no longer spoken.
Name
Hirathic's English name derives from the autoglottonym hirathis~khirathis which is believed to be a derivation of PIE *gʰreH- 'to grow' with a suffix *-tis 'abstract', thus meaning 'that which is grown', 'that which is cultivated', and by extension 'that which is refined'. Related is the auto-ethnonym hirathēi 'the high ones'.
Other names for the language include hirathōn 'of the high ones', vepos 'speech', a combination of both (as seen in the Smyrna cave inscription ϜΕΠΟΣΧΙ(Ρ)ΑΘ(Ω)Ν), vepos nim 'our speech'.
Linguistic classification
Hirathic is a centum language which bears similarity to Greek in its development of the inherited voiced plosive series of Proto-Indo-European. It is believed to share some innovations with early Albanian though whether or not this points to a common origin is still hotly debated.
Features
Phonology
Loans
A specific subset of the lexicon contains a substantial amount of loanwords from an unidentified substrate language, primarily in marine, religious and warfare contexts. This language has been called the Hirathic substrate language.
Some examples (Brightraven 2013):
- χαφταψ χaphtaps 'warlord', from xaphdáph of the same meaning.
- δαϝοτυς davotus 'priest of a particular god', from dáwátus 'lighter of the flame'
- φεθαχς phethax 'axe-bearer, bodyguard', from fexa 'axe'
- nωθη nōthē 'the Ocean', from nōthē of the same meaning.
- θηθυψ thēthups 'temple', from sēdhuf of the same meaning.
- ϝυχοτυς vuχotus 'orator', from wuhkotus 'who makes speech'.
- ϝυναχς vunax 'poet', from wuhnako 'who has speech as a profession', from wuhko + infix -na- 'profession'
- νωναθηι nōnathēi 'fisherman' from nōnathē 'who has the sea as a profession', from nōthē + infix -na- 'profession'
Language sample
Hymn to Vukhodava,
- Hirathic (Greek): θη θανες εθι τυ φρατηρ η ϝατε ϝυναχωι δε θυγον ορεχων
- Hirathic: thē thānes ethi tu phratēr ē vāte vunakhōi de thugon orekhōn
- English: O wind of poet, how thou art the brother of thought and yoke of kings!
Adapted from Beowulf,
- Hirathic (Greek): θη ϝη περθενων ην δαθηδιτε τύθωρεχων νωρεν εχίλευμος δε θη τοι χαφταφωι βελτων μιμων
- Hirathic (Latin): thē vē perthenōn ēn dathēdite, tūthōrekhōn nōren ekhíleumos, de thē toi khaphtaphōi beltōn mimōn
- English: How we of the spear-danes in yesterdays, of people-kings' glory heard, and how those warlords courage took!