Arjâm Vâks - Revision history

Nicomega: /* Notes */

2021-02-08T14:03:42Z

Notes

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	[[Category:Languages]]		[[Category:Languages]]
	[[Category:Conlangs]]		[[Category:Conlangs]]
			[[Category:A posteriori]]
			[[Category:Indo-European languages]]

Nicomega: /* Notes */

2021-02-08T14:03:15Z

Notes

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:03, 8 February 2021
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	===Notes===		===Notes===
	<references/>		<references/>

			[[Category:Languages]]
			[[Category:Conlangs]]

Praimhín at 04:54, 27 June 2018

2018-06-27T04:54:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:54, 27 June 2018
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	==Background==		==Background==
	'''Arjâm Vâks''' ("speech of the Aryâsas") is an imagined name given to a language constructed by the notable Indo-Europeanist August Schleicher (1821-1868), which is most notable as the original language of the fable ''Avis Akvâsas ka'' ("The Sheep and the Horses").		'''Arjâm Vâks''' ("speech of the Aryâsas") or '''Sanvâks''' ("old speech") is an imagined name given to a language constructed by the notable Indo-Europeanist August Schleicher (1821-1868), which is most notable as the original language of the fable ''Avis Akvâsas ka'' ("The Sheep and the Horses").

	Some justification must be made at the outset for including this language in an encyclopedia of constructed languages. It must be admitted that Schleicher had no intention of creating an artificial language; to the contrary, he believed that he was scientifically reconstructing the original Indo-European languages, ancestral to the languages on which his reconstruction was based. These were Sanskrit, Avestan ("Old Bactrian," in Schleicher's terminology), Greek, Latin, Oscan, Umbrian, Old Irish, Old Church Slavonic (Old Bulgarian in Schleicher's terminology), Lithuanian, and Gothic. It will be observed that of the ten Indo-European branches for which records survive, only six are represented (Indo-Iranian, Hellenic, Italic, Celtic, Balto-Slavic, and Germanic). Hittite and Tocharian were entirely unknown to Schleicher. I am not sure why Armenian and Albanian were not considered; perhaps at the time their positions within the Indo-European family, and their distinctive characteristics, were too poorly known.		Some justification must be made at the outset for including this language in an encyclopedia of constructed languages. It must be admitted that Schleicher had no intention of creating an artificial language; to the contrary, he believed that he was scientifically reconstructing the original Indo-European languages, ancestral to the languages on which his reconstruction was based. These were Sanskrit, Avestan ("Old Bactrian," in Schleicher's terminology), Greek, Latin, Oscan, Umbrian, Old Irish, Old Church Slavonic (Old Bulgarian in Schleicher's terminology), Lithuanian, and Gothic. It will be observed that of the ten Indo-European branches for which records survive, only six are represented (Indo-Iranian, Hellenic, Italic, Celtic, Balto-Slavic, and Germanic). Hittite and Tocharian were entirely unknown to Schleicher. I am not sure why Armenian and Albanian were not considered; perhaps at the time their positions within the Indo-European family, and their distinctive characteristics, were too poorly known.

Lambehto: /* Demonstrative pronouns */

2017-02-11T14:53:48Z

Demonstrative pronouns

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	====Demonstrative pronouns====		====Demonstrative pronouns====
	''Masculine''		''Masculine and Neuter''
	{\|class=wikitable		{\|class=wikitable
	\|align="center"\|'''ta'''<br>"that"		\|align="center" rowspan="2"\|'''ta'''<br>"that"
	!Singular		!colspan="2"\|Singular
	!Dual		!colspan="2"\|Dual
	!Plural		!colspan="2"\|Plural
			\|-
			! mas.
			! neu.
			! mas.
			! neu.
			! mas.
			! neu.
	\|-		\|-
	!Nom		!Nom
	\|sa		\|sa
			\|rowspan="2"\|tat
	\|rowspan="2"\|tâs		\|rowspan="2"\|tâs
	\|tai		\|rowspan="2"\|tai
			\|colspan="2"\|tai
	\|-		\|-
	!Acc		!Acc
	\|tam		\|tam
	\|tams		\|tams
			\|tâ
	\|-		\|-
	!Inst		!Inst
	\|tâ, tabhi		\|colspan="2"\|tâ, tabhi
	\|rowspan="3"\|tabhjâms		\|colspan="2" rowspan="3"\|tabhjâms
	\|tabhis		\|colspan="2"\|tabhis
	\|-		\|-
	!Dat		!Dat
	\|tasmâi		\|colspan="2"\|tasmâi
	\|rowspan="2"\|taibhjams?		\|colspan="2" rowspan="2"\|taibhjams?
	\|-		\|-
	!Abl		!Abl
	\|tasmât		\|colspan="2"\| tasmât
	\|-		\|-
	!Gen		!Gen
	\|tasja		\|colspan="2"\|tasja
	\|rowspan="2"\|tajaus		\|colspan="2" rowspan="2"\|tajaus
	\|taisâm(s)?		\|colspan="2"\|taisâm(s)?
	\|-		\|-
	!Loc		!Loc
	\|tasmin?		\|colspan="2"\|tasmin?
	\|taisva(s)?		\|colspan="2"\|taisva(s)?
	\|}		\|}

Lambehto: /* Demonstrative pronouns */

2017-02-11T14:46:26Z

Demonstrative pronouns

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	====Demonstrative pronouns====		====Demonstrative pronouns====
			''Masculine''
			{\|class=wikitable
			\|align="center"\|'''ta'''<br>"that"
			!Singular
			!Dual
			!Plural
			\|-
			!Nom
			\|sa
			\|rowspan="2"\|tâs
			\|tai
			\|-
			!Acc
			\|tam
			\|tams
			\|-
			!Inst
			\|tâ, tabhi
			\|rowspan="3"\|tabhjâms
			\|tabhis
			\|-
			!Dat
			\|tasmâi
			\|rowspan="2"\|taibhjams?
			\|-
			!Abl
			\|tasmât
			\|-
			!Gen
			\|tasja
			\|rowspan="2"\|tajaus
			\|taisâm(s)?
			\|-
			!Loc
			\|tasmin?
			\|taisva(s)?
			\|}

	===Nouns===		===Nouns===

Lambehto: /* Personal pronouns */

2017-02-11T14:39:06Z

Personal pronouns

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	\|svasmasva		\|svasmasva
	\|}		\|}

			====Demonstrative pronouns====

	===Nouns===		===Nouns===

Lambehto: /* Personal pronouns */

2015-01-14T20:07:27Z

Personal pronouns

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	The personal pronouns are found in 1st person, 2nd person, and reflexive forms. (3rd person pronouns are supplied by demonstratives.) They are inflected in all cases except the vocative; the nominative is also lacking in the reflexive.		The personal pronouns are found in 1st person, 2nd person, and reflexive forms. (3rd person pronouns are supplied by demonstratives.) They are inflected in all cases except the vocative; the nominative is also lacking in the reflexive.
	{\|class=wikitable		{\|class=wikitable
	\|align="center" rowspan="2"\|'''~~avis~~''' "~~sheep~~"<br>'''~~sunus~~''' "~~son~~"		\|align="center" rowspan="2"\|'''agam''' "I"<br>'''tuam''' "you"<br>'''svam''' "oneself"
	!colspan="3"\|Singular		!colspan="3"\|Singular
	!colspan="3"\|Dual		!colspan="3"\|Dual
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	\|svasmasva		\|svasmasva
	\|}		\|}

	===Nouns===		===Nouns===
	Nouns are declined for number (singular, dual, and plural and for case (nominative, accusative, ablative, genitive, locative, dative, two forms of instrumental, and vocative). They fall into several types:		Nouns are declined for number (singular, dual, and plural and for case (nominative, accusative, ablative, genitive, locative, dative, two forms of instrumental, and vocative). They fall into several types:

Lambehto: /* Morphology */

2014-08-16T02:57:34Z

Morphology

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 ==Morphology==
 ===Nouns===
 Nouns are declined for number (singular, dual, and plural and for case (nominative, accusative, ablative, genitive, locative, dative, two forms of instrumental, and vocative). They fall into several types:

Lambehto: /* Athematic verbs */

2014-08-12T03:27:36Z

Athematic verbs

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	\|-		\|-
	!1st		!1st
	\|~~abdadâm~~		\|adadâm
	\|adadamas		\|adadamas
	\|adadama		\|adadama
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	\|-		\|-
	!1st		!1st
	\|~~babhârjâm~~		\|dadâjâm
	\|~~babhârjâmas~~		\|dadâjâmas
	\|~~babhârjâma~~		\|dadâjâma
	\|~~babhârjâmadha~~		\|dadâjâmadha
	\|-		\|-
	!2nd		!2nd
	\|~~babhârjâs~~		\|dadâjâs
	\|~~babhârjâtas~~		\|dadâjâtas
	\|~~babhârjâsa~~		\|dadâjâsa
	\|~~babhârjâsdhva~~		\|dadâjâsdhva
	\|-		\|-
	!3rd		!3rd
	\|~~babhârjât~~		\|dadâjât
	\|~~babhârjânt~~		\|dadâjânt
	\|~~babhârjâta~~		\|dadâjâta
	\|~~babhârjânta~~		\|dadâjânta
	\|-		\|-
	! Aorist		! Aorist
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	\|-		\|-
	!1st		!1st
	\|~~babhâra~~		\|dadâ
	\|~~babharmasi~~		\|dadamasi
	\|~~babharmai~~		\|dadamai
	\|~~babharmadhai~~		\|dadamadhai
	\|-		\|-
	!2nd		!2nd
	\|~~babhârta~~		\|dadâta
	\|~~babhartasi~~		\|dadatasi
	\|~~babharsai~~		\|dadasai
	\|~~babharsdhvai~~		\|dadasdhvai
	\|-		\|-
	!3rd		!3rd
	\|~~babhâra~~		\|dadâ
	\|~~babharanti~~		\|dadanti
	\|~~babhartai~~		\|dadatai
	\|~~babharantai~~		\|dadantai
	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}

Lambehto: /* Verbs */

2014-08-12T03:23:40Z

Verbs

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