Habyela - Revision history

Учхљёная: Categories.

2020-01-07T15:44:05Z

Categories.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:44, 7 January 2020
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	The men have a dog (literally "a dog is on the men")		The men have a dog (literally "a dog is on the men")

			[[Category:Languages]]
			[[Category:Afroasiatic languages]]
			[[Category:Habyela]]

2016-01-04T05:56:36Z

Comparative Constructions

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	/qənə̀bəɴ-qa ʔàɟʷɨnəɴ pʲatɕaɴʈa ɫə̀-nama-wɨ/		/qənə̀bəɴ-qa ʔàɟʷɨnəɴ pʲatɕaɴʈa ɫə̀-nama-wɨ/

	dog.PL-ERG men.PL back.3PS.PL.POSS ATEL-~~bite~~-3PS.NONHUMAN		dog.PL-ERG men.PL back.3PS.PL.POSS ATEL-sleep-3PS.NONHUMAN

	Dogs sleep more than men do.		Dogs sleep more than men do.


	==Demonstratives==		==Demonstratives==

2016-01-04T04:35:12Z

Possession

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:35, 4 January 2016
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	The dog is in the water.		The dog is in the water.

	==Possession==		==Predicative Possession==

	Habyela has no verb corresponding to English "have". Where English speakers would say "A has B", Habyela speakers simply say "B is on A" (even if B is not technically "on" the object, Habyela speakers still use this construction) e.g.		Habyela has no verb corresponding to English "have". Where English speakers would say "A has B", Habyela speakers simply say "B is on A" (even if B is not technically "on" the object, Habyela speakers still use this construction) e.g.

2016-01-03T11:47:33Z

Possession: Locational Possession

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:47, 3 January 2016
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	==Possession==		==Possession==

	Habyela has no verb corresponding to English "have". Where English speakers would say "A has B", Habyela speakers simply say "A's B" e.g.		Habyela has no verb corresponding to English "have". Where English speakers would say "A has B", Habyela speakers simply say "B is on A" (even if B is not technically "on" the object, Habyela speakers still use this construction) e.g.

	/ʔàɟʷɨnəɴ-~~qa qənə̀baɴʈa~~/		/qənə̀bə ʔàɟʷɨnəɴ pʲatɕaɴʈa-ça/

	man.PL~~-ERG dog~~.3PS.PL.POSS		dog man.PL back.3PS.PL.POSS-COP.SG

	The men have a dog (literally "the men~~'s dog~~")		The men have a dog (literally "a dog is on the men")

2016-01-03T11:19:11Z

Copula: Adjectival Predication

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	Note that -ça(ɴ) is the suffix for a predicate adjective. ~~So technically, Habyela~~ is ~~turning the second noun into an adjective~~.		Note that -ça(ɴ) is the suffix for a predicate adjective e.g.

			/ʔàtə qanʷə̀-ça/

			night black-COP

			The night is black.

2016-01-03T10:31:50Z

Copula: Locational Predication

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	Note that -ça(ɴ) is the suffix for a predicate adjective. So technically, Habyela is turning the second noun into an adjective.		Note that -ça(ɴ) is the suffix for a predicate adjective. So technically, Habyela is turning the second noun into an adjective.


			-ça(ɴ) can also attach to a relational noun, to express location. Like English, Habyela conflates nominal and locational predication e.g.

			/qənə̀bə paɲɨ pʲəʈaɴʈa-ça/

			dog water belly.3PS.NONHUM.POSS-COP.SG

			The dog is in the water.

	==Possession==		==Possession==

2016-01-03T05:14:46Z

TAM / Agreement

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	These are conflated, so will be discussed together.		These are conflated, so will be discussed together.

	Habyela verbs do not inflect for tense at all, but [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telicity Telicity] is very important. Marking of telicity is conflated with subject person / number agreement. Telic verbs take suffixes, and atelic vebs take either prefixes or circumfixes (depending on the person). There is also an irrealis mood that is used for suggestions, commands ~~and~~ hypothetical situations. In the irrealis mood, telicity is not marked, and some forms are identical to the atelic forms.		Habyela verbs do not inflect for tense at all, but [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telicity Telicity] is very important. Marking of telicity is conflated with subject person / number agreement. Telic verbs take suffixes, and atelic vebs take either prefixes or circumfixes (depending on the person). There is also an irrealis mood that is used for suggestions, commands, hypothetical situations, and whenever a verb is negated. In the irrealis mood, telicity is not marked, and some forms are identical to the atelic forms.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	\| 3rd person plural / nonhuman \|\| ... -wɨ \|\| ɫə̀- ... -wɨ \|\| ɫə̀- ... -wɨ		\| 3rd person plural / nonhuman \|\| ... -wɨ \|\| ɫə̀- ... -wɨ \|\| ɫə̀- ... -wɨ
	\|}		\|}


	===Switch Reference===		===Switch Reference===

2015-12-04T07:37:54Z

A lot of syntax done

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 dog-ERG man.PL RESTR.REL.NONHUM-bite-3PS.NONHUM.TEL=SR.SUBJ
-"The dog that bit the man"
+"The dog that bit the men"
 The verbal prefix /wə-/ marks a restrictive relative clause, where the head noun is either human plural or nonhuman. The enclitic /ɟʷə/ indicates that the head noun is the subject of the verb.
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 "The water that I fell in".

2015-12-04T06:22:32Z

Contractions

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	/qənə̀bə/ - "dog", /qənə̀bəɴ/ - "dogs" (not */qənə̀bəwəɴ/)		/qənə̀bə/ - "dog", /qənə̀bəɴ/ - "dogs" (not */qənə̀bəwəɴ/)


	When the plural suffix /-wəɴ/ comes after the second person plural possessive suffix /-ʔaɴʈɨnə/, they fuse to become /-ʔaɴʈɨnəɴ/, (not */-ʔaɴʈɨnəwəɴ/) e.g.		When the plural suffix /-wəɴ/ comes after the second person plural possessive suffix /-ʔaɴʈɨnə/, they fuse to become /-ʔaɴʈɨnəɴ/, (not */-ʔaɴʈɨnəwəɴ/) e.g.

2015-11-19T08:00:43Z

Relational Nouns

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 ====Vowel Allophony====
-The situation here is very similar to neighbouring languages such as [[North-East_Antarctican|North-East Antarctican]]. Even though there is no phonemic contrast between front and back vowels, this does not mean that sounds such as [i], [u] and [e] are absent from the language. Front and back vowels occur as allophones of their corresponding central vowels e.g. /ˈhɨ̰mːʲɨ/ - "fjord" is pronounced [ˈhḭmːʲḭ], and /ˈtʷɨ̤pːasɨ/ - "digestion" is pronounced [ˈtʷṳpːasɨ].
+The situation here is very similar to neighbouring languages such as [[North-East_Antarctican|North-East Antarctican]]. Even though there is no phonemic contrast between front and back vowels, this does not mean that sounds such as [i], [u] and [e] are absent from the language. Front and back vowels occur as allophones of their corresponding central vowels.
 There is no difference between how consonants influence the preceding vowel and the following vowel. So if /ɨ/ is between /j/ and /w/, in both cases it will be pronounced /y/, no matter whether the sequence is /jɨw/ or /wɨj/.
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 "The bone that the men gave to the dog."
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 rd person plural / nonhuman /ʔàsaɴʈa/