Literature talk:Schleicher's fable - Revision history

Учхљёная: Учхљёная moved page Proto-Veraic to Literature talk:Schleicher's fable without leaving a redirect: Deleting per creator request.

2019-01-10T02:23:08Z

Учхљёная moved page Proto-Veraic to Literature talk:Schleicher's fable without leaving a redirect: Deleting per creator request.

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:23, 10 January 2019
(No difference)

Учхљёная: Blanked the page

2019-01-10T02:22:50Z

Blanked the page

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:22, 10 January 2019
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	~~{{speedy}}~~

IlL: Replaced content with "{{speedy}}"

2018-02-02T02:14:26Z

Replaced content with "{{speedy}}"

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:14, 2 February 2018
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	~~'''Proto-Veraic''' is the ancestor of [[Verapamil]] and [[Diltiazem]]. It's part of the CW Complex spoken in eastern Etalocin.~~		{{speedy}}

	~~It's inspired by Old Turkic.~~


	~~==Phonology==~~

	~~Proto-Veraic is reconstructed with the following consonants:~~

	* The voiceless stops p (labial), t (dental), c (palatal), k (velar) and kʷ (labialized velar). The Verapamil reflexes of these sounds are the fricatives ''f'', ''s'', ''hy'', ''h'' and ''hw'' respectively. In Diltiazem, these sounds surface as voiceless aspirated stops, except for c which becomes ''th'' /θ/.
	* The voiced stops b (labial), d (dental), j́ (palatal), g (velar) and gʷ (labialized velar), which become the stops ''p'', ''t'', ''ty'', ''c'' and ''qu'' respectively in Verapamil. In Diltiazem, these sounds surface as voiced stops, except for j́ which becomes ''kh'' /x/.
	* The nasals m and n, and the sonorants j, l and r, which are retained in Verapamil and Diltiazem, except for j which becomes ''s'' in Diltiazem.
	* w and ŋ, which become ''v'' resp. ''w'' in Verapamil and ''v'' resp. ''gh'' in Diltiazem (but /ŋ/ is retained before k and g).
	* *h, which is lost in Verapamil and is retained in Diltiazem.

	~~These sounds aren't as certainly known:~~

	* *ń, which becomes ''ny'' in Verapamil and ''z'' in Diltiazem.
	* *ř, which becomes ''zh'' in Verapamil and ''sh'' /ʃ/ in Diltiazem.

	~~Proto-Veraic, like most modern Veraic languages, had five vowels: a, e, i, o, *u; which can be short or long. Long vowels are written with a macron.~~
	~~There were also two diphthongs: ai and au.~~

	~~Proto-Veraic allowed consonant clusters of up to three consonants before a vowel.~~

	~~==Grammar==~~

	~~Proto-Veraic morphosyntax was somewhat unusual by CW standards:~~
	* unmarked OVS word order (not attested in any modern CW language),
	* topic-comment syntax (as in [[Belen]]),
	* no pro-drop,
	* no gnomic tense,
	* generally isolating (modern CW languages are either agglutinating, like Verapamil, or fusional, like [[Clofabosin]]).

	~~However, Proto-Veraic also had some grammatical features common in CW languages such as:~~
	* head-final syntax (e.g. postpositions, complementizers after the verb, adjectives and relative clauses before the noun),
	* tense agreement,
	* no grammatical gender.

	~~===Nouns===~~

	~~Proto-Veraic nouns had four cases: nominative, dative, ablative and locative, but no grammatical gender or number.~~

	~~{\| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"~~
	\|-
	~~! colspan="3"\| '''*tablo - tree'''~~
	\|-
	~~!\|Nominative~~
	~~\|*tablo~~
	\|-
	~~!\|Dative~~
	~~\|*tablōn~~
	\|-
	~~!\|Locative~~
	~~\|*tablod~~
	\|-
	~~!\|Ablative~~
	~~\|*tablōl~~
	\|}

	~~{\| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"~~
	\|-
	~~! colspan="3"\| '''*ēruki - pot'''~~
	\|-
	~~!\|Nominative~~
	~~\|*ēruki~~
	\|-
	~~!\|Dative~~
	~~\|*ērukīn~~
	\|-
	~~!\|Locative~~
	~~\|*ērukid~~
	\|-
	~~!\|Ablative~~
	~~\|*ērukīl~~
	\|}

	~~[[Category:~~{{~~PAGENAME~~}}]]
	~~[[Category:Languages]]~~

	~~===Verbs===~~

	~~The bare verb stem was used for the present tense.~~

	~~The future and past endings were -bdi and -ri respectively.~~

	~~The auxiliary verb *iwa 'walk' was used for the progressive aspect; it turned into the Verapamil present tense suffix -ːva.~~

	~~==Derivational morphology==~~

	* *-ki, used for tools
	** ēru 'to contain' (→ Verapamil ''éru'') → ēruki 'pot' (→ Verapamil ''érwi'')
	** wilte 'to fly' (→ Verapamil ''viltë'') → wilteki 'airplane' (→ Verapamil ''vilti'')

	~~==Numbers==~~

	~~# īr~~
	~~# gai~~
	~~# mīn~~
	~~# dān~~
	~~# mār~~
	~~# tī~~

	~~The word for seven in Verapamil, ''atu'' comes from the verb *ad 'to continue'.~~

	~~Higher numbers have not been reconstructed.~~

IlL: /* Nouns */

2017-08-06T03:10:45Z

Nouns

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	{\| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"		{\| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"
	\|-		\|-
	! colspan="3"\| '''*~~tallo~~ - tree'''		! colspan="3"\| '''*tablo - tree'''
	\|-		\|-
	!\|Nominative		!\|Nominative
	\|*~~tallo~~		\|*tablo
	\|-		\|-
	!\|Dative		!\|Dative
	\|*~~tallōn~~		\|*tablōn
	\|-		\|-
	!\|Locative		!\|Locative
	\|*~~tallod~~		\|*tablod
	\|-		\|-
	!\|Ablative		!\|Ablative
	\|*~~tallōl~~		\|*tablōl
	\|}		\|}

IlL at 14:28, 5 June 2017

2017-06-05T14:28:15Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:28, 5 June 2017
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	* topic-comment syntax (as in [[Belen]]),		* topic-comment syntax (as in [[Belen]]),
	* no pro-drop,		* no pro-drop,
	* ~~only three tenses (present, past and future)~~,		* no gnomic tense,
	* generally isolating (modern CW languages are either agglutinating, like Verapamil, or fusional, like [[Clofabosin]]).		* generally isolating (modern CW languages are either agglutinating, like Verapamil, or fusional, like [[Clofabosin]]).

IlL at 14:26, 5 June 2017

2017-06-05T14:26:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:26, 5 June 2017
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	'''Proto-Veraic''' is the ancestor of [[Verapamil]] and [[Diltiazem]]. It's part of the "CW ~~complex"~~ spoken in eastern ~~Cuadhlabh~~.		'''Proto-Veraic''' is the ancestor of [[Verapamil]] and [[Diltiazem]]. It's part of the CW Complex spoken in eastern Etalocin.

	It's inspired by Old Turkic.		It's inspired by Old Turkic.

Chrysophylax: Text replacement - "Category:Conlangs" to "Category:Languages"

2017-01-20T04:14:37Z

Text replacement - "Category:Conlangs" to "Category:Languages"

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:14, 20 January 2017
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	[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]		[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]
	[[Category:~~Conlangs~~]]		[[Category:Languages]]

	===Verbs===		===Verbs===

IlL: /* Phonology */

2016-06-15T23:17:57Z

Phonology

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:17, 15 June 2016
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	* The nasals m and n, and the sonorants j, l and r, which are retained in Verapamil and Diltiazem, except for j which becomes ''s'' in Diltiazem.		* The nasals m and n, and the sonorants j, l and r, which are retained in Verapamil and Diltiazem, except for j which becomes ''s'' in Diltiazem.
	* w and ŋ, which become ''v'' resp. ''w'' in Verapamil and ''v'' resp. ''gh'' in Diltiazem (but /ŋ/ is retained before k and g).		* w and ŋ, which become ''v'' resp. ''w'' in Verapamil and ''v'' resp. ''gh'' in Diltiazem (but /ŋ/ is retained before k and g).
			* *h, which is lost in Verapamil and is retained in Diltiazem.

	These sounds aren't as certainly known:		These sounds aren't as certainly known:

Praimhín at 20:16, 15 June 2016

2016-06-15T20:16:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:16, 15 June 2016
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	'''Proto-~~Wakanic~~''' is the ancestor of [[Verapamil]], [[Diltiazem~~]] and [[Wakanese~~]]. It's part of the "CW complex" spoken in eastern Cuadhlabh.		'''Proto-Veraic''' is the ancestor of [[Verapamil]] and [[Diltiazem]]. It's part of the "CW complex" spoken in eastern Cuadhlabh.

	It's inspired by Old Turkic.		It's inspired by Old Turkic.
Line 6:		Line 6:
	==Phonology==		==Phonology==

	Proto-~~Wakanic~~ is reconstructed with the following consonants:		Proto-Veraic is reconstructed with the following consonants:

	* The voiceless stops p (labial), t (dental), c (palatal), k (velar) and kʷ (labialized velar). The Verapamil reflexes of these sounds are the fricatives ''f'', ''s'', ''hy'', ''h'' and ''hw'' respectively. In Diltiazem, these sounds surface as voiceless aspirated stops, except for c which becomes ''th'' /θ/.		* The voiceless stops p (labial), t (dental), c (palatal), k (velar) and kʷ (labialized velar). The Verapamil reflexes of these sounds are the fricatives ''f'', ''s'', ''hy'', ''h'' and ''hw'' respectively. In Diltiazem, these sounds surface as voiceless aspirated stops, except for c which becomes ''th'' /θ/.
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	* *ř, which becomes ''zh'' in Verapamil and ''sh'' /ʃ/ in Diltiazem.		* *ř, which becomes ''zh'' in Verapamil and ''sh'' /ʃ/ in Diltiazem.

	Proto-~~Wakanic~~, like most modern ~~Wakanic~~ languages, had five vowels: a, e, i, o, *u; which can be short or long. Long vowels are written with a macron.		Proto-Veraic, like most modern Veraic languages, had five vowels: a, e, i, o, *u; which can be short or long. Long vowels are written with a macron.
	There were also two diphthongs: ai and au.		There were also two diphthongs: ai and au.

	Proto-~~Wakanic~~ allowed consonant clusters of up to ~~two~~ consonants before a vowel.		Proto-Veraic allowed consonant clusters of up to three consonants before a vowel.

	==Grammar==		==Grammar==

	Proto-~~Wakanic~~ morphosyntax was somewhat unusual by CW standards:		Proto-Veraic morphosyntax was somewhat unusual by CW standards:
	* unmarked OVS word order (not attested in any modern CW language),		* unmarked OVS word order (not attested in any modern CW language),
	* topic-comment syntax (as in [[Belen]]),		* topic-comment syntax (as in [[Belen]]),
Line 32:		Line 32:
	* generally isolating (modern CW languages are either agglutinating, like Verapamil, or fusional, like [[Clofabosin]]).		* generally isolating (modern CW languages are either agglutinating, like Verapamil, or fusional, like [[Clofabosin]]).

	However, Proto-~~Wakanic~~ also had some grammatical features common in CW languages such as:		However, Proto-Veraic also had some grammatical features common in CW languages such as:
	* head-final syntax (e.g. postpositions, complementizers after the verb, adjectives and relative clauses before the noun),		* head-final syntax (e.g. postpositions, complementizers after the verb, adjectives and relative clauses before the noun),
	* tense agreement,		* tense agreement,
Line 39:		Line 39:
	===Nouns===		===Nouns===

	Proto-~~Wakanic~~ nouns had four cases: nominative, dative, ablative and locative, but no grammatical gender or number.		Proto-Veraic nouns had four cases: nominative, dative, ablative and locative, but no grammatical gender or number.

	{\| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"		{\| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 220px; text-align: center;"

Praimhín: Praimhín moved page Proto-Wakanic to Proto-Veraic: Proto-Wakanic is an earlier stage

2016-06-15T20:15:31Z

Praimhín moved page Proto-Wakanic to Proto-Veraic: Proto-Wakanic is an earlier stage

← Older revision	Revision as of 20:15, 15 June 2016
(No difference)