Nidâri - Revision history

Anyar: /* The Participial */

2025-04-26T17:33:15Z

The Participial

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:33, 26 April 2025
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	{{Gloss		{{Gloss
	\|phrase = Han gatâqivan birânen baštâqešan gureh.		\|phrase = Han gatâqivan birânen baštâqešan gureh.
	\| IPA = /han gatɒɣi'van birɒ'nɛn ~~bagda'min~~ baʃtaɣe'ʃan gu'rɛh/		\| IPA = /han gatɒɣi'van birɒ'nɛn baʃtaɣe'ʃan gu'rɛh/
	\| morphemes = han ga=tâqiv-an bir-ânen baštâq-ešan gureh		\| morphemes = han ga=tâqiv-an bir-ânen baštâq-ešan gureh
	\| gloss = NEG NEG=burning-CL1.NOM house-CL4.GEN was.NEG-CAUS try		\| gloss = NEG NEG=burning-CL1.NOM house-CL4.GEN was.NEG-CAUS try

Anyar: /* Nouns */

2022-03-28T11:35:38Z

Nouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:35, 28 March 2022
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	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}

	~~<sup>‡</sup> The putative eleven cases are based on the Nidâri suffixes ''-šni'', ''-jan'', and ''-qan'', which have no cognate forms in Ín Duári.~~

	<!-- Note: "rinázi" one who speaks, "riná" speech, "rinásse" he speaks, to speak -->		<!-- Note: "rinázi" one who speaks, "riná" speech, "rinásse" he speaks, to speak -->

Anyar: /* Other resources */

2022-03-28T11:34:18Z

Other resources

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:34, 28 March 2022
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	==Example texts==		==Example texts==
			== Footnotes ==
			{{reflist}}
	==Other resources==		==Other resources==
	<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->		<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->

Anyar: /* Nouns */

2022-03-28T11:33:25Z

Nouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:33, 28 March 2022
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	-->		-->
	===Nouns===		===Nouns===
	Nouns inflect for gender, number and case. The original Proto-Duaric gender system consisted of at least eight noun classes, perhaps even up to eleven<~~sup~~>‡</~~sup~~>, descended from an earlier system that distinguished animacy through noun classifiers. Of this complex noun class system, Nidâri preserved four of them.		Nouns inflect for gender, number and case. The original Proto-Duaric gender system consisted of at least eight noun classes, perhaps even up to eleven<ref>The putative eleven cases are based on the Nidâri suffixes ''-šni'', ''-jan'', and ''-qan'', which have no cognate forms in Ín Duári.</ref>, descended from an earlier system that distinguished animacy through noun classifiers. Of this complex noun class system, Nidâri preserved four of them.

	Animacy has some correlation amongst the surviving noun classes, with animacy tending to decrease from left to right across the noun classes. However, the animacy distinctions have blurred, with some of the nouns in the protolanguage being reassigned to another class due to syncretism, as can be seen in the Class III and IV nouns, where both the singular and plural nominative and genitive forms are wildly irregular. Across all noun classes, including the irregular paradigms, there is always an infixed ''-h-'' in the plural, reflecting an earlier ''-θ-'' in the Proto-language that is still preserved in Ín Duári.		Animacy has some correlation amongst the surviving noun classes, with animacy tending to decrease from left to right across the noun classes. However, the animacy distinctions have blurred, with some of the nouns in the protolanguage being reassigned to another class due to syncretism, as can be seen in the Class III and IV nouns, where both the singular and plural nominative and genitive forms are wildly irregular. Across all noun classes, including the irregular paradigms, there is always an infixed ''-h-'' in the plural, reflecting an earlier ''-θ-'' in the Proto-language that is still preserved in Ín Duári.

Anyar: /* Syntax */

2021-12-29T18:22:04Z

Syntax

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:22, 29 December 2021
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	<!-- "bir-" ("house, home"), cognate with Ín Duári "ber-" ("stone") -->		<!-- "bir-" ("house, home"), cognate with Ín Duári "ber-" ("stone") -->

			===Adjectives===
	==Syntax==		==Syntax==
	===Constituent order===		===Constituent order===

Anyar: /* Possessive Constructions */

2021-12-29T18:20:15Z

Possessive Constructions

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:20, 29 December 2021
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	===Noun phrase===		===Noun phrase===
	====Possessive Constructions====		====Possessive Constructions====
			====Comparison====

	===Verb phrase===		===Verb phrase===

Anyar: /* Noun phrase */

2021-12-29T18:19:39Z

Noun phrase

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:19, 29 December 2021
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	===Noun phrase===		===Noun phrase===
			====Possessive Constructions====

	===Verb phrase===		===Verb phrase===
	As mentioned in the [[Nidâri#The_Participial\|Participial Section]], the participial and its head, the object, are in form identical with that of a nominal possessive phrase. The possessor of the NP serves as head and the possessum its dependent, just as the direct object serves as the head of its dependent, the participial. Both the possessor and the direct object receive genitive marking. The participial must also agree with the subject in gender and number, as illustrated in the following example:		As mentioned in the [[Nidâri#The_Participial\|Participial Section]], the participial and its head, the object, are in form identical with that of a nominal possessive phrase. The possessor of the NP serves as head and the possessum its dependent, just as the direct object serves as the head of its dependent, the participial. Both the possessor and the direct object receive genitive marking. The participial must also agree with the subject in gender and number, as illustrated in the following example:

Anyar: /* Nouns */

2021-10-12T10:02:11Z

Nouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:02, 12 October 2021
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	Nouns inflect for gender, number and case. The original Proto-Duaric gender system consisted of at least eight noun classes, perhaps even up to eleven<sup>‡</sup>, descended from an earlier system that distinguished animacy through noun classifiers. Of this complex noun class system, Nidâri preserved four of them.		Nouns inflect for gender, number and case. The original Proto-Duaric gender system consisted of at least eight noun classes, perhaps even up to eleven<sup>‡</sup>, descended from an earlier system that distinguished animacy through noun classifiers. Of this complex noun class system, Nidâri preserved four of them.

	Animacy has some correlation amongst the surviving noun classes, with animacy tending to decrease from left to right across the noun classes. However, the animacy distinctions have blurred, with some of the nouns in the protolanguage being reassigned to another class due to syncretism, as can be seen in the Class III and IV nouns, where both the singular and plural nominative and genitive forms are wildly irregular. Across all noun classes, including the irregular paradigms, there is always an infixed ''-h-'' in the plural, reflecting an earlier ''-θ-'' in the Proto-language.		Animacy has some correlation amongst the surviving noun classes, with animacy tending to decrease from left to right across the noun classes. However, the animacy distinctions have blurred, with some of the nouns in the protolanguage being reassigned to another class due to syncretism, as can be seen in the Class III and IV nouns, where both the singular and plural nominative and genitive forms are wildly irregular. Across all noun classes, including the irregular paradigms, there is always an infixed ''-h-'' in the plural, reflecting an earlier ''-θ-'' in the Proto-language that is still preserved in Ín Duári.

Anyar: /* The Copula */

2021-09-27T09:46:37Z

The Copula

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:46, 27 September 2021
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	\|}		\|}

			<!--
	{\| class="bluetable lightbluebg"		{\| class="bluetable lightbluebg"
	\|+		\|+
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	\|-		\|-
	! Purposive		! Purposive
	\| šubâšaniš ~~<!--~~ c.f. Ín Duári suffix "-iţ" (e.g. varánu-iţ "in order to see" ~~-->~~		\| šubâšaniš //c.f. Ín Duári suffix "-iţ" (e.g. varánu-iţ "in order to see"//
	\| šubâšananiš		\| šubâšananiš
	\|		\|
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	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}
			-->

	The copula originates from two roots, ''ba-'' and ''biy-''. The root ''bi-'' is used to form the Future/Irrealis stem, whilst ''ba-'' forms the rest of the TAM stems. Both ''ba-'' and ''biy-'' are cognate with Ín Duári ''bean'', “to sit, be in a sitting position”		The copula originates from two roots, ''ba-'' and ''biy-''. The root ''bi-'' is used to form the Future/Irrealis stem, whilst ''ba-'' forms the rest of the TAM stems. Both ''ba-'' and ''biy-'' are cognate with Ín Duári ''bean'', “to sit, be in a sitting position”

Anyar: /* The Copula */

2021-09-27T02:12:16Z

The Copula

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:12, 27 September 2021
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	\|-		\|-
	! Purposive		! Purposive
	\| ~~šubâšanin~~		\| šubâšaniš <!-- c.f. Ín Duári suffix "-iţ" (e.g. varánu-iţ "in order to see" -->
	\| ~~šubâšananin~~		\| šubâšananiš
	\|		\|
	\|		\|
	\| ~~bâšanin~~		\| bâšaniš
	\| ~~bâšananin~~		\| bâšananiš
	\|		\|
	\|		\|