Old Shalaian/Syntax - Revision history

IlL: IlL moved page Shalaian/Syntax to Old Shalaian/Syntax without leaving a redirect

2021-11-11T00:22:53Z

IlL moved page Shalaian/Syntax to Old Shalaian/Syntax without leaving a redirect

← Older revision	Revision as of 00:22, 11 November 2021
(No difference)

2021-05-07T04:59:00Z

če-clauses

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:59, 7 May 2021
Line 103:		Line 103:
	vi-preverb predicate.		vi-preverb predicate.

	====''~~cha~~''-clauses====		====''če''-clauses====
	Forms of ''~~cha~~'' are used when the head of the relative clause is NOT absolutive. Unlike ''vi''-clauses, ''~~cha~~''-clauses use finite verbs and are more syntactically straightforward. Resumptive pronouns (referring back to the head) are usually used in a ''~~cha~~''-clause, either on the verb or on other constituents.		Forms of ''če'' are used when the head of the relative clause is NOT absolutive. Unlike ''vi''-clauses, ''če''-clauses use finite verbs and are more syntactically straightforward. Resumptive pronouns (referring back to the head) are usually used in a ''če''-clause, either on the verb or on other constituents.

	===Complement clauses===		===Complement clauses===

2021-05-07T04:58:16Z

vi-clauses

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:58, 7 May 2021
Line 93:		Line 93:

	A verbal ''vi''-clause has the form		A verbal ''vi''-clause has the form
	(when intransitive) vi-preverb + verb.INF ~~+ other constituents~~		(when intransitive) vi-preverb + other constituents verb.INF
	or		or
	(when transitive) vi-preverb + POSSESSIVE_i-verb.INF + ergative noun_i + other constituents.		(when transitive) vi-preverb + POSSESSIVE_i-verb.INF + ergative noun_i + other constituents.

2021-05-07T04:57:16Z

Wh-questions

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:57, 7 May 2021
Line 56:		Line 56:
	Verbal wh-questions are always cleft sentences: The material after the wh-word becomes a relative clause with the wh-word as the head. The relative clause can be a ''cha''-clause vs. a ''vi''-clause:		Verbal wh-questions are always cleft sentences: The material after the wh-word becomes a relative clause with the wh-word as the head. The relative clause can be a ''cha''-clause vs. a ''vi''-clause:

	:'''''Yan vi ~~inágħdi~~ u shaanf?'''''		:'''''Yan vi u shaanf inágħdi?'''''
	:yan vi in-għád-i u shaanf		:yan vi in-għád-i u shaanf
	:what VI.PRES 3SG.A-see-INF DEF.SG.A woman		:what VI.PRES 3SG.A-see-INF DEF.SG.A woman

2021-05-07T04:55:56Z

Noun phrase

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:55, 7 May 2021
Line 23:		Line 23:

	Genitive noun phrases use possessive affixes on the possessed noun:		Genitive noun phrases use possessive affixes on the possessed noun:
	:''~~għash~~'''ée''' ~~rái'chal~~'' = Rachel's hand (inalienable possession)		:''laš'''ý''' Ráičal'' = Rachel's hand (inalienable possession)

	===Nominal sentences===		===Nominal sentences===

2021-05-07T04:55:11Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:55, 7 May 2021
Line 2:		Line 2:

	===Constituent order===		===Constituent order===
	Finite clauses have unmarked word order VS, ~~VOA~~ and use ergative syntax:		Finite clauses have unmarked word order SV, OAV and use ergative syntax:

	preverb dir_obj subj ind_obj verb place manner time.		preverb dir_obj subj ind_obj verb place manner time.
Line 8:		Line 8:
	Infinitive clauses are VSO and accusative; the preposition ''mi'' must be used before a direct object in infinitive clauses.		Infinitive clauses are VSO and accusative; the preposition ''mi'' must be used before a direct object in infinitive clauses.

	''Mi''-infinitive clauses lack the ergative argument when using transitive verbs, and use OV order and accusative syntax~~. They are inherited from Proto-Idavic ''mi''-infinitive clauses.~~		''Mi''-infinitive clauses lack the ergative argument when using transitive verbs, and use OV order and accusative syntax

	An example of a clause with a transitive verb:		An example of a clause with a transitive verb:

2021-05-07T04:52:56Z

Constituent order

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:52, 7 May 2021
Line 4:		Line 4:
	Finite clauses have unmarked word order VS, VOA and use ergative syntax:		Finite clauses have unmarked word order VS, VOA and use ergative syntax:

	preverb ~~verb~~ dir_obj subj ind_obj place manner time.		preverb dir_obj subj ind_obj verb place manner time.

	Infinitive clauses are VSO and accusative; the preposition ''mi'' must be used before a direct object in infinitive clauses.		Infinitive clauses are VSO and accusative; the preposition ''mi'' must be used before a direct object in infinitive clauses.

2020-06-11T02:53:38Z

Constituent order

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:53, 11 June 2020
Line 14:		Line 14:
	Ingánakh tładméen wa fígħdri u shaanf.		Ingánakh tładméen wa fígħdri u shaanf.
	3SG.A.ERG-PST-3PL.ABS plant-PST.PTCP DEF.PL flower-PL DEF.SG.A woman		3SG.A.ERG-PST-3PL.ABS plant-PST.PTCP DEF.PL flower-PL DEF.SG.A woman
	~~AUX~~ V O S		Aux V O S
	The woman planted the flowers.		The woman planted the flowers.

2020-06-11T02:52:01Z

Constituent order

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:52, 11 June 2020
Line 2:		Line 2:

	===Constituent order===		===Constituent order===
	Finite clauses have unmarked word order ~~VOS~~ and use ergative syntax:		Finite clauses have unmarked word order VS, VOA and use ergative syntax:

	preverb verb dir_obj subj ind_obj place manner time.		preverb verb dir_obj subj ind_obj place manner time.

2020-06-11T02:51:36Z

Constituent order

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:51, 11 June 2020
Line 2:		Line 2:

	===Constituent order===		===Constituent order===
	Finite clauses have ~~default~~ word order VOS and use ergative syntax:		Finite clauses have unmarked word order VOS and use ergative syntax:

	preverb verb dir_obj subj ind_obj place manner time.		preverb verb dir_obj subj ind_obj place manner time.