Pomorian North-Western dialects - Revision history

Raistas: /* Participles */

2018-01-26T11:57:21Z

Participles

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:57, 26 January 2018
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	\|-		\|-
	!align="right" width=170\|'''active present'''		!align="right" width=170\|'''active present'''
	\|vėdante		\|vėdante/vėdą
	\|-		\|-
	!align="right"\|'''active past'''		!align="right"\|'''active past'''
	\|vėdavu		\|vėdavu/vėdou
	\|-		\|-
	!align="right" \|'''passive present'''		!align="right" \|'''passive present'''

Raistas: /* Active Voice */

2017-12-04T14:49:45Z

Active Voice

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:49, 4 December 2017
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	*'''The sixth''' conjugation contains few old athematic and auxillary verbs. Almost all of these verbs are irregular.		*'''The sixth''' conjugation contains few old athematic and auxillary verbs. Almost all of these verbs are irregular.
	====Active Voice====		====Active Voice====
	=====~~Indicative mood~~=====		=====Simple tenses=====
	'''Present tense'''		'''Present tense'''

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	\|}		\|}
	The usage of this tense was found in Gdańsk chronics from the early XVth century. It mentioned that peasants had almost no crops and asked God to give them some food to eat, but God refused to give the food because those people were pagans unlike christian Germans who lived in the city. They said: ''Hleiban dādāšimes. Dāi nāme ir sin deinin!'' (You gave us bread (before). Give us (it) this day too!). In modern Pomorian this would be: ''Hlėbå nome buvei dovušu. Doďi nomu ji šį dienį!'' It's not known whether this event really happened or it was a story created to encourage local people converting into christianity.		The usage of this tense was found in Gdańsk chronics from the early XVth century. It mentioned that peasants had almost no crops and asked God to give them some food to eat, but God refused to give the food because those people were pagans unlike christian Germans who lived in the city. They said: ''Hleiban dādāšimes. Dāi nāme ir sin deinin!'' (You gave us bread (before). Give us (it) this day too!). In modern Pomorian this would be: ''Hlėbå nome buvei dovušu. Doďi nomu ji šį dienį!'' It's not known whether this event really happened or it was a story created to encourage local people converting into christianity.
			=====Compound tenses=====

	~~'''Compound tenses'''~~		Compound tenses and moods are the same as in the Pomorian proper, but North-Western dialects have some additional ones. Here only the additional moods are listed: frequentative (expresses repeating actions), conditional (represents events happening under some conditions), desiderative (expresses wishes and desires). All of them use a verb ''būti'', ''imti'' (usually to express necessity) or ''vilti/cesti'' (in '''desiderative''', where a special word form from old optative is preserved, for instance: ''Velie mė'' ("I would like"), ''Velie be mė'' ("I would have wanted") and a respectful participle (using supine or infintive instead is also possible in North-Western and in Eastern dialects it's the only way to use these moods).

	Compound tenses and moods are the same as in the Pomorian proper, but North-Western dialects have some additional ones. Here only the additional moods are listed: frequentative (expresses repeating actions), conditional (represents events happening under some conditions), desiderative (expresses wishes and desires). All of them use a verb ''būti'', ''imti'' (usually to express necessity) or ''vilti/cesti'' (in '''desiderative''', where a special word form from old optative is preserved, for instance: ''Velie mė'' (I would like to)) and a respectful participle (using supine or infintive instead is also possible in North-Western and in Eastern dialects it's the only way to use these moods).

	====Participles====		====Participles====

Raistas: /* Indicative mood */

2017-12-04T11:35:37Z

Indicative mood

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:35, 4 December 2017
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	'''Compound tenses'''		'''Compound tenses'''

	Compound tenses and moods are the same as in the Pomorian proper, but North-Western dialects have some additional ones. Here only the additional moods are listed: frequentative (expresses repeating actions), conditional (represents events happening under some conditions), desiderative (expresses wishes and desires). All of them use a verb ''būti'', ''imti'' (usually to express necessity) or ''vilti/cesti'' (in desiderative) and a respectful participle (using supine or infintive instead is also possible in North-Western and in Eastern dialects it's the only way to use these moods).		Compound tenses and moods are the same as in the Pomorian proper, but North-Western dialects have some additional ones. Here only the additional moods are listed: frequentative (expresses repeating actions), conditional (represents events happening under some conditions), desiderative (expresses wishes and desires). All of them use a verb ''būti'', ''imti'' (usually to express necessity) or ''vilti/cesti'' (in '''desiderative''', where a special word form from old optative is preserved, for instance: ''Velie mė'' (I would like to)) and a respectful participle (using supine or infintive instead is also possible in North-Western and in Eastern dialects it's the only way to use these moods).

	====Participles====		====Participles====

Raistas: /* Indicative mood */

2017-12-04T11:30:49Z

Indicative mood

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:30, 4 December 2017
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	\|-		\|-
	\|align="right"\|'''I'''		\|align="right"\|'''I'''
	\|~~imū́huo~~		\|imū́hu
	\|-		\|-
	\|align="right"\|'''You (singular)'''		\|align="right"\|'''You (singular)'''
	\|~~imū́šei~~		\|imū́ši
	\|-		\|-
	\|align="right" \|'''He/She/It'''		\|align="right" \|'''He/She/It'''
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	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
	The usage of this tense was found in Gdańsk chronics from the early XVth century. It mentioned that peasants had almost no crops and asked God to give them some food to eat, but God refused to give the food because those people were pagans unlike christian Germans who lived in the city. They said: ''Hleiban ~~dādēšēimes~~. Dāi nāme eī sin deinin!'' (You gave us bread (before). Give us (it) this day too!). In modern Pomorian this would be: ''Hlėbå nome buvei dovušu. Doďi nomu ji šį dienį!'' It's not known whether this event really happened or it was a story created to encourage local people converting into christianity.		The usage of this tense was found in Gdańsk chronics from the early XVth century. It mentioned that peasants had almost no crops and asked God to give them some food to eat, but God refused to give the food because those people were pagans unlike christian Germans who lived in the city. They said: ''Hleiban dādāšimes. Dāi nāme ir sin deinin!'' (You gave us bread (before). Give us (it) this day too!). In modern Pomorian this would be: ''Hlėbå nome buvei dovušu. Doďi nomu ji šį dienį!'' It's not known whether this event really happened or it was a story created to encourage local people converting into christianity.

	'''Compound tenses'''		'''Compound tenses'''

Raistas: /* Prosody */

2017-11-27T17:59:13Z

Prosody

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:59, 27 November 2017
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	===Prosody===		===Prosody===
	The Western dialect has a [[w:Pitch accent (intonation)\|pitch-accent]] while Northern has lost it gaining a fixed initial stress as in German. The Western dialect has the same accent types as in the standard: the ~~falling~~ accent - ''tvírdagalså'' - which can be long - ''dìlgå'' (marked with an acute) - or short - ''cẽrtå'' (marked with a grave) and the ~~rising~~ accent - ''lìkugalså'' (marked with a circumflex or a tilde). However in some words with the rising accent in the standard there is a falling accent (''tvirdagalså'') while ''tvirdagalså certå'' can be retracted to a previous syllable. For example ''dąbù'' (oak) is ''dǻmbu'' in Western dialect and ''doambu'' in Northern.		The Western dialect has a [[w:Pitch accent (intonation)\|pitch-accent]] while Northern has lost it gaining a fixed initial stress as in German. The Western dialect has the same accent types as in the standard: the rising accent - ''tvírdagalså'' - which can be long - ''dìlgå'' (marked with an acute) - or short - ''cẽrtå'' (marked with a grave) and the falling accent - ''lìkugalså'' (marked with a circumflex or a tilde). However in some words with the rising accent in the standard there is a falling accent (''tvirdagalså'') while ''tvirdagalså certå'' can be retracted to a previous syllable. For example ''dąbù'' (oak) is ''dǻmbu'' in Western dialect and ''doambu'' in Northern.

	==Grammar==		==Grammar==
	===Nouns===		===Nouns===

Raistas: /* Vowels */

2017-11-27T17:56:59Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:56, 27 November 2017
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	'''Note:'''		'''Note:'''
	*Allophones /æ:/, /a:/, /ɔː/ appear only under circumflex accent.		*Allophones /æ:/, /a:/, /ɔː/ appear only under circumflex accent.
	*Word initial vowels can be pronounced with a slight [w] (before back vowels) or [j] (before front vowels. For instance, ''ugnì'' - [wʊg.ˈn̪ɪ] (fire). This is much more common before diphthongs, where an approximant is clearly heared and written as in ''vúisi'' - [ˈwuɪ.sɪ] (village), ''jéine'' [ˈjeɪ.n̪ɛ] (one)		*Word initial vowels can be pronounced with a slight [w] (before back vowels) or [j] (before front vowels). For instance, ''ugnì'' - [wʊg.ˈn̪ɪ] (fire). This is much more common before diphthongs, where an approximant is clearly heared and written as in ''vúisi'' - [ˈwuɪ.sɪ] (village), ''jéine'' [ˈjeɪ.n̪ɛ] (one)
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+ Diphthongs		\|+ Diphthongs

Raistas: /* Vowels */

2017-11-27T17:56:26Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:56, 27 November 2017
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	'''Note:'''		'''Note:'''
	*Allophones /æ:/, /a:/, /ɔː/ appear only under circumflex accent.		*Allophones /æ:/, /a:/, /ɔː/ appear only under circumflex accent.
	*Word initial vowels can be pronounced with a slight [w] (before back vowels) or [j] (before front vowels. For instance, ''ugnì'' - [wʊg.ˈn̪ɪ] (fire). This ~~can be~~ much more common ~~after~~ diphthongs, where an approximant is clearly heared and written as in ''vúisi'' - [ˈwuɪ.sɪ] (village), ''jéine'' [ˈjeɪ.n̪ɛ] (one)		*Word initial vowels can be pronounced with a slight [w] (before back vowels) or [j] (before front vowels. For instance, ''ugnì'' - [wʊg.ˈn̪ɪ] (fire). This is much more common before diphthongs, where an approximant is clearly heared and written as in ''vúisi'' - [ˈwuɪ.sɪ] (village), ''jéine'' [ˈjeɪ.n̪ɛ] (one)
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+ Diphthongs		\|+ Diphthongs

Raistas: /* Vowels */

2017-11-27T17:55:33Z

Vowels

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:55, 27 November 2017
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	'''Note:'''		'''Note:'''
	*Allophones /æ:/, /a:/, /ɔː/ appear only under circumflex accent.		*Allophones /æ:/, /a:/, /ɔː/ appear only under circumflex accent.
			*Word initial vowels can be pronounced with a slight [w] (before back vowels) or [j] (before front vowels. For instance, ''ugnì'' - [wʊg.ˈn̪ɪ] (fire). This can be much more common after diphthongs, where an approximant is clearly heared and written as in ''vúisi'' - [ˈwuɪ.sɪ] (village), ''jéine'' [ˈjeɪ.n̪ɛ] (one)
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+ Diphthongs		\|+ Diphthongs

Raistas: /* Sixth declension */

2017-11-12T16:02:09Z

Sixth declension

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:02, 12 November 2017
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	\|-		\|-
	\|align="right"\|'''Locative'''		\|align="right"\|'''Locative'''
	\|tel'''ę́tė''' \|\|tel'''ę́tuo''' \|\|tel'''~~ę́tich~~'''		\|tel'''ę́tė''' \|\|tel'''ę́tuo''' \|\|tel'''ę́tis'''
	\|kakl'''erė́''' \|\|kakl'''esuõ''' \|\|kàkl'''~~esich~~'''		\|kakl'''erė́''' \|\|kakl'''esuõ''' \|\|kàkl'''esis'''
	\|brót'''erė''' \|\|brót'''eruo''' \|\|brót'''~~erich~~'''		\|brót'''erė''' \|\|brót'''eruo''' \|\|brót'''eris'''
	\|-		\|-
	\|align="right"\|'''Vocative'''		\|align="right"\|'''Vocative'''
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	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}

	===Verbs===		===Verbs===

Raistas: /* Fifth declension */

2017-11-12T16:01:41Z

Fifth declension

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:01, 12 November 2017
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	\|-		\|-
	\|align="right"\|'''Locative'''		\|align="right"\|'''Locative'''
	\|el'''ènė''' \|\|el'''ènuo''' \|\|el'''~~ènich~~'''		\|el'''ènė''' \|\|el'''ènuo''' \|\|el'''ènis'''
	\|imn'''enė́''' \|\|imn'''enuõ''' \|\|ìmn'''~~enich~~'''		\|imn'''enė́''' \|\|imn'''enuõ''' \|\|ìmn'''enis'''
	\|-		\|-
	\|align="right"\|'''Vocative'''		\|align="right"\|'''Vocative'''
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	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}

	====Sixth declension====		====Sixth declension====
	'''-t, -s *-r (neuter, feminine), bróti (-r, masculine)'''		'''-t, -s *-r (neuter, feminine), bróti (-r, masculine)'''