https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Rapunzel
Rapunzel - Revision history
2026-05-19T03:45:47Z
Revision history for this page on the wiki
MediaWiki 1.43.6
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rapunzel&diff=267817&oldid=prev
Sware: Double redirect
2022-04-14T22:04:11Z
<p>Double redirect</p>
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:04, 14 April 2022</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Line 1:</td>
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<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Redirect [[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Windermere</del>]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>#Redirect [[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Naeng</ins>]]</div></td></tr>
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Sware
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rapunzel&diff=45300&oldid=prev
Praimhín: Redirected page to Windermere
2016-02-04T00:10:45Z
<p>Redirected page to <a href="/wiki/Windermere" class="mw-redirect" title="Windermere">Windermere</a></p>
<a href="https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rapunzel&diff=45300&oldid=45299">Show changes</a>
Praimhín
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rapunzel&diff=45299&oldid=prev
Praimhín: /* Syntax */
2016-02-03T23:26:59Z
<p><span class="autocomment">Syntax</span></p>
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<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 23:26, 3 February 2016</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l288">Line 288:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 288:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* adjectives and relative clauses precede nouns, so "the man who eats apples" is literally "the apple-eating man"</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* adjectives and relative clauses precede nouns, so "the man who eats apples" is literally "the apple-eating man"</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* postpositions, not prepositions</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>* postpositions, not prepositions</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* complementizers are head-initial (because of the final-over-final constraint)</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Constituent order===</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>===Constituent order===</div></td></tr>
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Praimhín
https://linguifex.com/w/index.php?title=Rapunzel&diff=45294&oldid=prev
Praimhín: Created page with " <!-- This is a short reminder of the language format policy. I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration..."
2016-02-03T22:10:38Z
<p>Created page with " <!-- This is a short reminder of the language format policy. I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div><br />
<br />
<!-- <br />
<br />
This is a short reminder of the language format policy.<br />
<br />
I. Write a short piece stating your intents and purposes when creating the language (Design goal, inspiration, ideas, and so on).<br />
II. Write a short introduction to your language. (Who speaks it? When was it created? By whom? or what? are some example questions that can be answered here)<br />
III. Once done, try making sure everything is properly spelt so as to avoid unnecessary reader fatigue.<br />
<br />
--><br />
<br />
'''Rapunzel''' is a Luminese language distantly related to Rencadian. It's also in a sprachbund with Rencadian so it has many grammatical features in common with it.<br />
<br />
It's inspired by German, Khmer, Estonian, Vietnamese, and an older draft of IlL's Classical Wiobian.<br />
<br />
==Introduction==<br />
<br />
<br />
<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? --><br />
<br />
<!-- Example categories/headings: <br />
<br />
Goals<br />
Setting<br />
Inspiration<br />
<br />
--><br />
<br />
<!-- ***Phonology*** --><br />
<!-- What sounds does your language use? --><br />
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:<br />
<br />
Vowel inventory<br />
Consonant inventory<br />
Syllable structure<br />
Stress<br />
Intonation<br />
<br />
--><br />
==Phonology==<br />
===Orthography===<br />
===Consonants===<br />
<br />
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"<br />
|+ '''Rapunzel consonants'''<br />
! colspan="2"|<br />
! | Labial<br />
! | Dental<br />
! | Alveolar<br />
! | Palatal<br />
! | Medial<br />
! | Velar<br />
! | Labiovelar<br />
! | Glottal<br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" | Nasal<br />
| '''m''' /m/<br />
|<br />
| '''n''' /n/<br />
|<br />
| '''ń''' /ɲˤ/<br />
| '''ng''' /ŋ/<br />
|<br />
|<br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Plosive<br />
! | <small>voiceless</small><br />
| '''p''' /p/<br />
|<br />
| '''t''' /t/<br />
|<br />
| '''z''' /cˤ/<br />
| '''k''' /k/<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
! | <small>voiced</small><br />
| '''ƀ''' /b/<br />
| <br />
| '''đ''' /d/<br />
|<br />
| '''ɟ''' /ɟˤ/<br />
| '''g''' /ɡ/<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
! rowspan="2" |Fricative<br />
! | <small>voiceless</small><br />
| '''f''' /f~v/<br />
| '''þ''' /θ~ð/<br />
| '''ß''' /s/<br />
|<br />
| '''s''' /ç~ʝ/<br />
| '''ch''' /x~ɣ/<br />
| <br />
| ('''ḥ''' /h/)<br />
|-<br />
! | <small>voiced</small><br />
| ('''v''' /v/)<br />
| ('''ð''' /ð/)<br />
| '''ʒ''' /z/<br />
|<br />
| <br />
| ('''gh''' /x~ɣ/)<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" |Lateral approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| '''l''' /l/<br />
| <br />
| '''ĺ''' /ʎˁ/<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" |Lateral fricative<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| '''lh''' /ɬ/<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
! colspan="2" |Approximant<br />
|<br />
|<br />
| <br />
| '''j''' /j/<br />
| '''r''' /jˁ/<br />
| <br />
| '''w''' /w/<br />
| <br />
|}<br />
<br />
The medial consonants vary by idiolect and can be laminal retroflex /ʈʂ, ɖʐ, ʂ, ɳ, ɭ, ɻ/, pharyngealized palatal, or pharyngealized uvular /qˁ, ɢˁ, χˁ, ɴˁ, ʟˁ, ʁˁ/.<br />
<br />
Sounds in parentheses are phonemic in Southern Rapunzel. Voiceless fricatives except /s/ and /çˁ/ are voiced intervocalically in Northern Rapunzel.<br />
<br />
===Vowels===<br />
<br />
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 540px; text-align:center;"<br />
! rowspan="2" style="width: 90px; "| &nbsp;<br />
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Front<br />
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Central<br />
! colspan="2" style="width: 90px; " |Back<br />
|-<br />
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small><br />
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small><br />
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small><br />
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small><br />
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>short</small><br />
!style="width: 45px; "|<small>long</small><br />
|-<br />
! style="" |Close<br />
| '''i''' /i/<br />
| '''ih''' /iː/<br />
| '''ü''' /ɨ/<br />
| '''üh''' /ɨː/<br />
| '''u''' /u/<br />
| '''uh''' /uː/<br />
|-<br />
! style="" |Close-mid<br />
| '''e''' /e~ɪ/<br />
| '''eh''' /eː~ɪː/<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| '''o''' /o~ʊ/<br />
| '''oh''' /oː~ʊː/<br />
|-<br />
! style="" |Mid<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| '''ö''' /ə/<br />
| '''öh''' /əː/<br />
| <br />
| <br />
|-<br />
! style="" |Open-mid<br />
| '''ä''' /ɛ/<br />
| '''äh''' /ɛː/<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| '''å''' /ɔ/<br />
| '''åh''' /ɔː/<br />
|-<br />
! style="" |Open<br />
| '''a''' /æ/<br />
| '''ah''' /æː/<br />
| <br />
| <br />
| '''ⱶ''' /ɑ/<br />
| '''ⱶh''' /ɑː/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
As '''ⱶ''' is a rare vowel sound in Rapunzel, it's often merged with '''å''' into /ɑ~ɒ/. This does not happen in all accents of Rapunzel so the spelling distinguishes the two phonemes.<br />
<br />
Rapunzel also allows the following diphthongs: <br />
'''ie üö uo ai ⱶe ⱶo au ⱶü ei åi eu oi äⱶ öi öü öu'''. The combinations '''ie uo ei''' are pronounced as if spelled '''iö uö äi'''.<br />
<br />
===Prosody===<br />
====Stress====<br />
<br />
Most of the time, the stress falls on the first syllable. Exceptions are sesquisyllables that result from epenthesis of initial consonant clusters.<br />
<br />
====Intonation====<br />
<br />
===Phonotactics===<br />
<br />
The syllable structure is (C)(C)V(C)(C), where V can be a vowel or a diphthong.<br />
<br />
===Morphophonology===<br />
==Morphology==<br />
<br />
===Pronouns===<br />
(to be added)<br />
<br />
===Verbs===<br />
Verbs conjugate for person and tense. The present tense conjugation is as follows:<br />
<br />
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"<br />
|-<br />
!colspan="4" | Present indicative athematic endings<br />
|-<br />
!style="width: 50px; "|<br />
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular<br />
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural<br />
|-<br />
!|1<br />
|''-im''<br />
|''-im''<br />
|-<br />
!|2, 3<br />
|''-ep''<br />
|''-ep''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
For example,<br />
<br />
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"<br />
|-<br />
!colspan="4" | ädahþ 'to speak'<br />
|-<br />
!style="width: 50px; "|<br />
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular<br />
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural<br />
|-<br />
!|1<br />
|''ädim''<br />
|''ädim''<br />
|-<br />
!|2, 3<br />
|''ädep''<br />
|''ädep''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Thematic verbs conjugate differently:<br />
<br />
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 350px; text-align: center;"<br />
|-<br />
!colspan="4" | meþahþ 'to sit'<br />
|-<br />
!style="width: 50px; "|<br />
!style="width: 100px; "|Singular<br />
!style="width: 100px; "|Plural<br />
|-<br />
!|1<br />
|''meþäm''<br />
|''meþäm''<br />
|-<br />
!|2, 3<br />
|''meþöp''<br />
|''meþöp''<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[add rule here]<br />
<br />
The past and future tense conjugations are identical to the present tense conjugation, except the first person forms coincide with the second person present forms.<br />
<br />
<br />
==Syntax==<br />
<br />
Word order in Rapunzel is SVO. Otherwise it's head-final, which means:<br />
* adjectives and relative clauses precede nouns, so "the man who eats apples" is literally "the apple-eating man"<br />
* postpositions, not prepositions<br />
<br />
===Constituent order===<br />
===Noun phrase===<br />
===Verb phrase===<br />
===Sentence phrase===<br />
===Dependent clauses===<br />
<!-- etc. etc. --><br />
<br />
==Example texts==<br />
==Other resources==<br />
<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --><br />
<br />
<!-- Template area --><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:{{PAGENAME}}]]<br />
[[Category:Conlangs]]</div>
Praimhín