Rhinevalian Creole - Revision history

Aqua: /* Plurals */

2025-04-27T16:35:08Z

Plurals

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 ====Plurals====
 After nouns, generally an -s is added to mark the plural. In cases where this is not possible due to being hard or impossible to pronounce -es is added instead. A singular word ending with -s is suffixed -sses in the plural form. Some irregular forms exist but are not very common, such as words ending with -ix being -ices in the plural.
 ===Verbs===

Aqua at 16:26, 27 April 2025

2025-04-27T16:26:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:26, 27 April 2025
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	===Verbs===		===Verbs===
	All verbs in the language end with either -en or -n. There are two irregular verbs "sen" and "haven". Verbs conjugate for tense, of which there are four, two of which periphrastic and one default (present) and for voice.		All verbs in the language end with either -en or -n. There are two irregular verbs "sen" and "haven". Verbs conjugate for tense, of which there are four, two of which periphrastic and one default (present) and for voice. There are no strong verbs in this language, meaning all but the two irregular verbs hold their pattern universally.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
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	\|}		\|}

	~~There are no strong verbs in this language.~~		=== Vocabulary ====

Aqua: /* Grammar */

2025-04-27T16:24:42Z

Grammar

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	==Grammar==		==Grammar==
	A ~~creole~~, ~~Rheinwallian~~ Creole ~~does not conjugate~~ verbs for ~~person and uses conjugations~~ and ~~constructions familiar~~ to ~~both speakers of~~ English ~~and of German~~.		A blend of grammatical features familiar to both English and German speakers, Rhinevalian Creole uses the common denominator between languages in its grammar, omitting some features from each side, leading to very regular and fairly simple conjugations and declensions, save for Latin loans. Nouns decline for number and definiteness with verbs conjugating for voice and tense. For nouns there is a vestigial genitive form similar to that in English, which is marked by -s.

	===~~Articles~~===		===Pronouns===
	~~There are two sets of articles, indefinite and definite.~~		====Personal pronouns====
			Personal pronouns in Rheinwallian creole are divided into subject, object and possessive pronouns. The third singular is divided into three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter. Reflexive pronouns may be created by suffixing -self to any object personal pronoun.
	~~{\| class~~=~~"wikitable"~~
	~~\|+ Articles in Rheinwallian Creole~~
	\|-
	~~! !! Indefinite !! Definite~~
	\|-
	~~! Before a vowel~~
	~~\| an~~
	~~\| rowspan="2" \| de~~
	\|-
	~~! Before a consonant~~
	~~\| a~~
	\|}

	===Personal pronouns===
	Personal pronouns in Rheinwallian creole are divided into subject, object and possessive pronouns. The third ~~person~~ is ~~gendered in the singular~~. ~~There is no T~~-~~V distinction, meaning there are no levels of formality~~.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+ Pronouns		\|+ Pronouns
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	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}
	===Demonstrative pronouns===		====Demonstrative pronouns====
	There are two demonstrative pronouns: "dis" and "dat", used in both singular and plural.		There are two demonstrative pronouns: "dis" and "dat", used in both singular and plural.

			===Nouns===
			====Articles====
			There are two sets of articles, indefinite and definite. The indefinite articles are "a" and "an", the former being used before consonants and the latter before vowels. The definite article "de" may be used for both, but depending on style "d'" before a vowel is permissible as well.

			====Plurals====
			After nouns, generally an -s is added to mark the plural. In cases where this is not possible due to being hard or impossible to pronounce -es is added instead. A singular word ending with -s is suffixed -sses in the plural form. Some irregular forms exist but are not very common, such as words ending with -ix being -ices in the plural.

	===Verbs===		===Verbs===
	All verbs in the language end with either -en or -n. There are two irregular verbs "sen" and "haven". Verbs conjugate for tense, of which there are four, two of which periphrastic and one default (present) and for voice.		All verbs in the language end with either -en or -n. There are two irregular verbs "sen" and "haven". Verbs conjugate for tense, of which there are four, two of which periphrastic and one default (present) and for voice.

Aqua: /* Vowels */

2025-04-27T16:00:50Z

Vowels

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	\|}		\|}

	If a syllable ends with a voiced obstruent, e.g. /b/, /d/, /v/, ⟨a⟩ may be pronounced /aː/. After a final voiced obstruent, an epenthetic [ᵊ] may be added, if this helps keep it voiced. So, "had" may be pronounced [haːd], [haːdᵊ], [hadᵊ], [had], [hat] and [haːt]. ~~Otherwise long vowels exist in~~		If a syllable ends with a voiced obstruent, e.g. /b/, /d/, /v/, ⟨a⟩ may be pronounced /aː/. After a final voiced obstruent, an epenthetic [ᵊ] may be added, if this helps keep it voiced. So, "had" may be pronounced [haːd], [haːdᵊ], [hadᵊ], [had], [hat] and [haːt]. In unstressed open syllables /ɛ/ shifts to /ə/.

	==Grammar==		==Grammar==

Aqua: Added info about phono

2025-04-27T15:59:15Z

Added info about phono

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:59, 27 April 2025
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	\|}		\|}

	The creole distinguishes vowels in length, with vowels always being long in stressed syllables without a final consonant (i.e. open syllables) and are unmarked (single vowel letter) unless the entire word is monosyllabic. In syllables that end with a consonant (i.e. closed syllables), short vowels are the default while long vowels are to be marked by doubling the vowel, except in the case of ⟨æ⟩ which ~~renders as~~ ⟨ae⟩ in such cases.		The creole distinguishes vowels in length, with vowels always being long in stressed syllables without a final consonant (i.e. open syllables) and are unmarked (single vowel letter) unless the entire word is monosyllabic. In syllables that end with a consonant (i.e. closed syllables), short vowels are the default while long vowels are to be marked by doubling the vowel, except in the case of ⟨æ⟩ which becomes ⟨ae⟩, and ⟨i⟩ which becomes ⟨ie⟩ in such cases. Open syllables that are unstressed have short vowels by default as well.

	Most consonant letters are fairly predictable, though some letters may pose a challenge due to high degrees of allophony. Those letters, ''for a given syllable'', are:		Most consonant letters are fairly predictable, though some letters may pose a challenge due to high degrees of allophony. Those letters, ''for a given syllable'', are:
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	\|-		\|-
	\|}		\|}

			As Standard German devoices all final obstruents, which are in this language characterized as there being a voiced/unvoiced pair may be pronounced either voiced (often called soft) or unvoiced (often called hard), while their unvoiced counterpart remains unvoiced and unchanged at the end of a syllable or word. The sound /h/ is a special case, as its historic appearance after a vowel in the end of a syllable has moved to /x/ (after back and central vowels, or all vowels depending on preference) or /ç/ (only after front vowels).

			While the sonorants /m/ and /l/ do not change, no matter where they are in a word or syllable, many other sonorants behave very differently depending on their context; Before a /k/ sound, /n/ turns into /ŋ/ while a word-final /ŋ/ may alternatively be pronounced /ŋk/ and an intervocalic /ŋ/ be pronounced /ŋ.ɡ/. Rheinwellisch Kreol makes use of extensive free variation in rhotic sounds: [r], [ɹ], [ʀ] or [ʁ] are all valid pronunciations of intervocalic and initial /r/ sounds. The final /r/ sound may be the same, though a vocalic form of /r/ exists for after vowels in a syllable, with similar pronunciations to Standard German and RP English. The approximants /w/ and /j/ are analyzed as vocalic in syllable final positions, only allowed after the short vowels /a/, /ɛ/ and in some cases after /ɔ/, /w/ does not become /v/ under any circumstances here.


	===Vowels===		===Vowels===
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	\| colspan="2" \| \|\| [[w:open central unrouded vowel\|a]] \|\| [[w:open central unrounded vowel\|aː]] \|\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \| \|\| [[w:open central unrouded vowel\|a]] \|\| [[w:open central unrounded vowel\|aː]] \|\| colspan="2" \|
	\|}		\|}

			If a syllable ends with a voiced obstruent, e.g. /b/, /d/, /v/, ⟨a⟩ may be pronounced /aː/. After a final voiced obstruent, an epenthetic [ᵊ] may be added, if this helps keep it voiced. So, "had" may be pronounced [haːd], [haːdᵊ], [hadᵊ], [had], [hat] and [haːt]. Otherwise long vowels exist in

	==Grammar==		==Grammar==

Aqua: /* Consonants */

2025-04-27T15:04:27Z

Consonants

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	! [[w:fricative consonant\|Fricative]]		! [[w:fricative consonant\|Fricative]]
	\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative\|f]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative\|v]]		\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative\|f]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative\|v]]
	\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant\|s]] <br> [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative\|ʃ]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant\|z]] <br> [[w:Voiced palato-alveolar fricative\|ʒ]]		\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant\|s]] <br> [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative\|ʃ]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant\|z]] <br> [[w:Voiced palato-alveolar fricative\|(ʒ)]]
	\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative\|h]] <br> [[w:Voiceless velar fricative\|x]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \|		\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative\|h]] <br> [[w:Voiceless velar fricative\|x]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \|
	\|-		\|-
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	! [[w:Rhotic\|Rhotic]]		! [[w:Rhotic\|Rhotic]]
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| style="border-right: 0;" \| \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:~~Voiced alveolar trill~~\|r]]		\| style="border-right: 0;" \| \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Rhotic\|r]]
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\|-		\|-

Aqua: /* Orthography */

2025-04-27T15:01:20Z

Orthography

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:01, 27 April 2025
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	* ⟨ch⟩, pronounced /k/ before ⟨a, o, u⟩, /ʃ/ in French loanwords and /tʃ/ before ⟨æ, e, i, y⟩. /x/ or // after ⟨a, o, u⟩ and /ç/, /x/ or // after ⟨æ, e, i, y⟩. Examples: Charakter/-cter /ka.ˈrak.ta~-ɛr/, Charade /ʃa.ˈraː.də/, Licht /lɪçt~xt/.		* ⟨ch⟩, pronounced /k/ before ⟨a, o, u⟩, /ʃ/ in French loanwords and /tʃ/ before ⟨æ, e, i, y⟩. /x/ or // after ⟨a, o, u⟩ and /ç/, /x/ or // after ⟨æ, e, i, y⟩. Examples: Charakter/-cter /ka.ˈrak.ta~-ɛr/, Charade /ʃa.ˈraː.də/, Licht /lɪçt~xt/.
	* ⟨j⟩, pronounced /j/, except for loanwords such as "Jakarta" or "Jungel", which may alternatively be spelled with ⟨dj⟩ for /dʒ/.		* ⟨j⟩, pronounced /j/, except for loanwords such as "Jakarta" or "Jungel", which may alternatively be spelled with ⟨dj⟩ for /dʒ/.
			* ⟨r⟩, pronounced [r], [ɹ], [ʀ] or [ʁ] in free variation. May behave like a vowel in its own right after another vowel, depending on speaker's preference.
			* ⟨sch⟩, pronounced /ʃ/ in every context. Never /sk/.
			* ⟨w⟩, pronounced /w/ or /v/.

	==Phonology==		==Phonology==

Aqua: /* Orthography */

2025-04-27T14:53:18Z

Orthography

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:53, 27 April 2025
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	\|}		\|}

	~~Vowel~~ length ~~is phonemic~~, with vowels always being long in stressed syllables without a final consonant (i.e. open syllables) and are unmarked (single vowel letter) unless the entire word is monosyllabic. In syllables that end with a consonant (i.e. closed syllables), short vowels are the default while long vowels are to be marked by ~~a double~~ vowel, except in the case of ⟨æ⟩ which renders as ⟨ae⟩ in such cases.		The creole distinguishes vowels in length, with vowels always being long in stressed syllables without a final consonant (i.e. open syllables) and are unmarked (single vowel letter) unless the entire word is monosyllabic. In syllables that end with a consonant (i.e. closed syllables), short vowels are the default while long vowels are to be marked by doubling the vowel, except in the case of ⟨æ⟩ which renders as ⟨ae⟩ in such cases.

	Most consonant letters are fairly predictable, though some letters may pose a challenge due to high degrees of allophony. Those letters are:		Most consonant letters are fairly predictable, though some letters may pose a challenge due to high degrees of allophony. Those letters, ''for a given syllable'', are:

			* ⟨c⟩, pronounced /k/ before ⟨a, o, u⟩ and after a vowel, /s/ or /ts/ before ⟨æ, e, i, y⟩ and after a consonant. Examples: Carl /karl/, Cent /(t)sent/, Danc /dan(t)s/.
			* ⟨ch⟩, pronounced /k/ before ⟨a, o, u⟩, /ʃ/ in French loanwords and /tʃ/ before ⟨æ, e, i, y⟩. /x/ or // after ⟨a, o, u⟩ and /ç/, /x/ or // after ⟨æ, e, i, y⟩. Examples: Charakter/-cter /ka.ˈrak.ta~-ɛr/, Charade /ʃa.ˈraː.də/, Licht /lɪçt~xt/.
			* ⟨j⟩, pronounced /j/, except for loanwords such as "Jakarta" or "Jungel", which may alternatively be spelled with ⟨dj⟩ for /dʒ/.

	* ⟨c⟩, pronounced
	==Phonology==		==Phonology==
	===Consonants===		===Consonants===

Aqua at 14:30, 27 April 2025

2025-04-27T14:30:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:30, 27 April 2025
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	'''~~Rheinwallian~~ Creole''' ([[w:endonym\|~~autoglossonym~~]]: ''Rheinwallisch Kreol'') is a constructed auxiliary creole based on English ~~and German~~, ~~highlighting linguistic similarities in grammar and vocabulary~~. ~~It is used in~~ Rheinwall, ~~a nation with origins in the Rhine valley~~, ~~where~~ the ~~most commonly spoken~~ languages ~~are now~~ English and German.		'''Rhinevalian Creole''' ([[w:endonym\|endonym]]: ''Rheinwellisch Kreol'', historically ''Rheinwallisch Kreol'') is a [[conlang\|constructed]] [[auxiliary language\|auxiliary]] and [[creole language]] based on German and British and American English, with some influence by Ripuarian languages. The language was created for a now-defunct micronation known as Rheinwall as a neutral and, for speakers of both languages, trivially easy to understand national language, as the native languages in the nation were split almost evenly between English and German. Soon after its introduction as a national language, it was deemed an integral part of the nation's culture and an important language for policy.

	{{Infobox language		{{Infobox language
	~~\|image =~~		\|name = Rhinevalian Creole
	~~\|imagesize =~~		\|nativename = Rheinwellisch (Kreol), -wallisch
	~~\|imagecaption =~~		\|pronunciation = ˈraɪnˌwelɪʃ kreɔl
	\|name = ~~Rheinwallian~~ Creole		\|pronunciation_key = IPA for Rhinevalian Creole
	\|nativename = ~~Rheinwallisch~~ Kreol, ~~Rheinwallisch~~		\|state = Rhinevale
	\|pronunciation = ~~ˈraɪnˌwalɪʃ~~ kreɔl		\|setting = semi-fictional
	\|pronunciation_key = IPA for ~~Rheinwallisch Kreol~~
	\|state = ~~Rheinwall~~
	\|setting =
	\|created = 2023		\|created = 2023
	\|familycolor = Indo-European		\|familycolor = Indo-European
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	\|fam3 = [[w:West Germanic languages\|West Germanic]]		\|fam3 = [[w:West Germanic languages\|West Germanic]]
	\|fam4 = ''{{Abbtip\|partially\|part.}}'' German and English		\|fam4 = ''{{Abbtip\|partially\|part.}}'' German and English
	~~\|ancestor =~~
	\|creator = Lily Jane		\|creator = Lily Jane
	~~\|stand1 =~~
	\|script1 = Latn		\|script1 = Latn
	~~\|nation = Rheinwall~~
	~~\|agency = Royal Institut for de Rheinwallisch Spreek~~
	~~\|map =~~
	~~\|mapsize =~~
	~~\|mapcaption =~~
	~~\|notice = IPA~~
	}}		}}

	==Etymology==		==Etymology==
	The language was named after the ~~Queendom of Rheinwall~~, which ~~in turn~~ was ~~named after~~ being ~~located in~~ the ~~Rhine valley (from Latin: vallis rheni)~~.		The language's exonym in English derives from the Rhine valley, the geographical position of Rheinwall's founding. The old name "Rheinwallisch Kreol" was named after the same but derived from the nation's name in Latin "Vallis Rheni", which became "Rheinwall". The new name "Rheinwellisch Kreol" was influenced by the English exonym's pronuciation of "vale", as well as being a wordplay on the German word for wave "Welle" and on the English "well".

	==Orthography==		==Orthography==
	The ~~dictionary~~ of ~~Rheinwallian~~ Creole ~~knows 28~~ letters, ~~two~~ of ~~which are composed of more than one character~~. Diacritics ~~are only found~~ in ~~non-Germanic~~ loanwords ~~like "~~café~~" and not part of the standard.~~		The alphabet of Rhinevalian Creole consist out of seven vowel letters, with ⟨æ⟩ and ⟨y⟩ being orthographical alternatives to ⟨e⟩ and ⟨i⟩ respectively, and 22 consonant letters, the digraph ⟨ch⟩ and trigraph ⟨sch⟩ counting as separate letters of the alphabet. Diacritics do not exist in coined words but may appear in loanwords such as café

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"
	\|+		\|+
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	\|}		\|}

			Vowel length is phonemic, with vowels always being long in stressed syllables without a final consonant (i.e. open syllables) and are unmarked (single vowel letter) unless the entire word is monosyllabic. In syllables that end with a consonant (i.e. closed syllables), short vowels are the default while long vowels are to be marked by a double vowel, except in the case of ⟨æ⟩ which renders as ⟨ae⟩ in such cases.

			Most consonant letters are fairly predictable, though some letters may pose a challenge due to high degrees of allophony. Those letters are:

			* ⟨c⟩, pronounced
	==Phonology==		==Phonology==
	===Consonants===		===Consonants===

Aqua: Aqua moved page Rheinwallisch Kreol to Rhinevalian Creole: Endonym and exonym changed

2025-04-27T13:08:37Z

Aqua moved page Rheinwallisch Kreol to Rhinevalian Creole: Endonym and exonym changed

← Older revision	Revision as of 13:08, 27 April 2025
(No difference)

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:04, 27 April 2025
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	! [[w:fricative consonant\|Fricative]]		! [[w:fricative consonant\|Fricative]]
	\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative\|f]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative\|v]]		\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless labiodental fricative\|f]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Voiced labiodental fricative\|v]]
	\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant\|s]] <br> [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative\|ʃ]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant\|z]] <br> [[w:Voiced palato-alveolar fricative\|ʒ]]		\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless alveolar sibilant\|s]] <br> [[w:Voiceless palato-alveolar fricative\|ʃ]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Voiced alveolar sibilant\|z]] <br> [[w:Voiced palato-alveolar fricative\|(ʒ)]]
	\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative\|h]] <br> [[w:Voiceless velar fricative\|x]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \|		\| style="border-right: 0;" \| [[w:Voiceless glottal fricative\|h]] <br> [[w:Voiceless velar fricative\|x]] \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \|
	\|-		\|-
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	! [[w:Rhotic\|Rhotic]]		! [[w:Rhotic\|Rhotic]]
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\| style="border-right: 0;" \| \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:~~Voiced alveolar trill~~\|r]]		\| style="border-right: 0;" \| \|\| style="border-left: 0;" \| [[w:Rhotic\|r]]
	\| colspan="2" \|		\| colspan="2" \|
	\|-		\|-