Teonaht - Revision history

Nicomega at 16:20, 8 November 2024

2024-11-08T16:20:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:20, 8 November 2024
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	\|created=1962		\|created=1962
	\|setting=[[Fantasy]] setting of the Teonim		\|setting=[[Fantasy]] setting of the Teonim
	\|familycolor= ~~lightgray~~		\|familycolor= conlang
	\|fam1=[[artistic language]]		\|fam1=[[artistic language]]
	\|posteriori=draws on [[Indo-European languages]]: [[Romance languages\|Romance]], [[Germanic languages\|Germanic]] and [[Celtic languages\|Celtic]]		\|posteriori=draws on [[Indo-European languages]]: [[Romance languages\|Romance]], [[Germanic languages\|Germanic]] and [[Celtic languages\|Celtic]]

Nicomega: /* External links */

2021-02-14T00:24:57Z

External links

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:24, 14 February 2021
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	[[Category:Artlangs]]		[[Category:Artlangs]]
			[[Category:Smiley Award winners]]

Nicomega: /* Articles */

2021-02-13T23:26:05Z

Articles

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:26, 13 February 2021
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	\|Genitive		\|Genitive
	\|}		\|}


	{\| class="bluetable"		{\| class="bluetable"

Nicomega at 23:25, 13 February 2021

2021-02-13T23:25:45Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:25, 13 February 2021
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	This chart on the main pronouns is repeated, for clarity's sake, in the section on verbs. These prefix to verbs except for '''broffyn, brossyn,''' and '''brottwav.''' Inclusive and exclusive "we" makes a distinction between an addressee (or addressees) who is included from or excluded in a group with the speaker. The difference between '''fy''' and '''sy''' is (familiar and formal "you") is not one of number, as in most of the Indo-European languages, but of intimacy and formality, closeness and distance. Teonaht has an indefinite pronoun much like the German ''man'' in '''õn/bõn/mim.''' Also like the Germanic languages, Teonaht has a dual formation. Closeness and distance and one-on-one are important in expressing relationships.		This chart on the main pronouns is repeated, for clarity's sake, in the section on verbs. These prefix to verbs except for '''broffyn, brossyn,''' and '''brottwav.''' Inclusive and exclusive "we" makes a distinction between an addressee (or addressees) who is included from or excluded in a group with the speaker. The difference between '''fy''' and '''sy''' is (familiar and formal "you") is not one of number, as in most of the Indo-European languages, but of intimacy and formality, closeness and distance. Teonaht has an indefinite pronoun much like the German ''man'' in '''õn/bõn/mim.''' Also like the Germanic languages, Teonaht has a dual formation. Closeness and distance and one-on-one are important in expressing relationships.
	{\| class="~~wikitable~~"		{\| class="bluetable"
	! colspan="3" \|'''a. Nominative (Agentive and Experiential)'''		! colspan="3" \|'''a. Nominative (Agentive and Experiential)'''
	\|-		\|-
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	==== '''Emphasized nominative or subject''' ====		==== '''Emphasized nominative or subject''' ====
	Very often one may want the nominative pronoun to lead the sentence, as in the French ''moi'' of ''Moi, je suis arrivé etc.'' The following paradigm for the emphasized subject is the only form of the pronoun to make a distinction between subject and participant. Ordinarily, this distinction is ignored, the absolute form being used for both cases, but in some instances the agentive (which takes the suffix '''-i''' (pronounced like a ''schwa'') is useful in some contexts, especially when you are formally addressing someone whom you don't wish to offend by putting his pronoun in the "non-volitional" (universally conceived in T. as the weaker case): '''Syryi, Hmeo, krekinvand tyr nuarsy bado''', "You, Sir, had a bad dream too." This is of course a compromise; '''nuarsy bado''' exhibits non-volitional morphology (used of actions like dreaming, or enduring dreams), but at least some agency is returned to the important man in the emphatic pronoun at the beginning. Pronounced, incidentally, exactly like "Syria."		Very often one may want the nominative pronoun to lead the sentence, as in the French ''moi'' of ''Moi, je suis arrivé etc.'' The following paradigm for the emphasized subject is the only form of the pronoun to make a distinction between subject and participant. Ordinarily, this distinction is ignored, the absolute form being used for both cases, but in some instances the agentive (which takes the suffix '''-i''' (pronounced like a ''schwa'') is useful in some contexts, especially when you are formally addressing someone whom you don't wish to offend by putting his pronoun in the "non-volitional" (universally conceived in T. as the weaker case): '''Syryi, Hmeo, krekinvand tyr nuarsy bado''', "You, Sir, had a bad dream too." This is of course a compromise; '''nuarsy bado''' exhibits non-volitional morphology (used of actions like dreaming, or enduring dreams), but at least some agency is returned to the important man in the emphatic pronoun at the beginning. Pronounced, incidentally, exactly like "Syria."
	{\| class="~~wikitable~~"		{\| class="bluetable"
	! colspan="3" \|b. Emphasized Subject		! colspan="3" \|b. Emphasized Subject
	\|-		\|-
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	==== Accusative and Oblique Cases ====		==== Accusative and Oblique Cases ====
	Teonaht does not make a morphological distinction between accusative and dative/ablative/locative (what I call the "oblique cases"), but prefers to express these other relationships through prepositions. Here's the chart:		Teonaht does not make a morphological distinction between accusative and dative/ablative/locative (what I call the "oblique cases"), but prefers to express these other relationships through prepositions. Here's the chart:
	{\| class="~~wikitable~~"		{\| class="bluetable"
	! colspan="3" \|'''c. Accusative and Oblique Cases.'''		! colspan="3" \|'''c. Accusative and Oblique Cases.'''
	\|-		\|-
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	\|'''mimin''', "some"		\|'''mimin''', "some"
	\|}		\|}
	{\| class="~~wikitable~~"		{\| class="bluetable"
	! colspan="3" \|'''d. Genitive Case.'''		! colspan="3" \|'''d. Genitive Case.'''
	\|-		\|-
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	There is a special (more often poetic) form of possessive pronoun that is used only in infixed positions and mainly with the gerund/infinitive: between the gerundive prefix rem- and its gerund, the prepositional prefix and the conjunct verb, and many adverbial prefixes. No dual forms are used:		There is a special (more often poetic) form of possessive pronoun that is used only in infixed positions and mainly with the gerund/infinitive: between the gerundive prefix rem- and its gerund, the prepositional prefix and the conjunct verb, and many adverbial prefixes. No dual forms are used:
	{\| class="~~wikitable~~"		{\| class="bluetable"
	! colspan="2" \|'''Infixed Pronoun Forms.'''		! colspan="2" \|'''Infixed Pronoun Forms.'''
	\|-		\|-

Nicomega: /* Pronouns */

2021-02-13T23:23:21Z

Pronouns

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:23, 13 February 2021
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	=== '''Pronouns''' ===		=== '''Pronouns''' ===
			:''Main article: [[Teonaht/Pronouns]]''

	This chart on the main pronouns is repeated, for clarity's sake, in the section on verbs. These prefix to verbs except for '''broffyn, brossyn,''' and '''brottwav.''' Inclusive and exclusive "we" makes a distinction between an addressee (or addressees) who is included from or excluded in a group with the speaker. The difference between '''fy''' and '''sy''' is (familiar and formal "you") is not one of number, as in most of the Indo-European languages, but of intimacy and formality, closeness and distance. Teonaht has an indefinite pronoun much like the German ''man'' in '''õn/bõn/mim.''' Also like the Germanic languages, Teonaht has a dual formation. Closeness and distance and one-on-one are important in expressing relationships.		This chart on the main pronouns is repeated, for clarity's sake, in the section on verbs. These prefix to verbs except for '''broffyn, brossyn,''' and '''brottwav.''' Inclusive and exclusive "we" makes a distinction between an addressee (or addressees) who is included from or excluded in a group with the speaker. The difference between '''fy''' and '''sy''' is (familiar and formal "you") is not one of number, as in most of the Indo-European languages, but of intimacy and formality, closeness and distance. Teonaht has an indefinite pronoun much like the German ''man'' in '''õn/bõn/mim.''' Also like the Germanic languages, Teonaht has a dual formation. Closeness and distance and one-on-one are important in expressing relationships.
	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Nicomega: /* Accusative and Oblique Cases */

2021-02-13T23:22:18Z

Accusative and Oblique Cases

@@ Line 714: / Line 714: @@
 |'''twe''', "their"
 |}
 ==Syntax==

Nicomega: /* Emphasized nominative or subject */

2021-02-13T23:15:03Z

Emphasized nominative or subject

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:15, 13 February 2021
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	"For a long time (''heddorla'') you were (''olmfy'') deceiving yourself (''epriko, fyryelf'')."		"For a long time (''heddorla'') you were (''olmfy'') deceiving yourself (''epriko, fyryelf'')."

			==== Accusative and Oblique Cases ====
			Teonaht does not make a morphological distinction between accusative and dative/ablative/locative (what I call the "oblique cases"), but prefers to express these other relationships through prepositions. Here's the chart:
			{\| class="wikitable"
			! colspan="3" \|'''c. Accusative and Oblique Cases.'''
			\|-
			!Singular
			!Dual
			!Plural
			\|-
			\|'''õl''', "me"
			\|'''brõs''', "us two" (inclusive)
			'''bros''', "us two" (exclusive)
			\|'''rrõ''', "us" (inclusive)
			'''ros''', "us" (exclusive)
			\|-
			\|'''fel''', "thee"
			\|'''broffend''', "you two" (informal)
			\|'''fend''', "you"
			\|-
			\|'''sed''', "you" (formal)
			\|'''brossend''', "you two"
			\|'''send''', "you"
			\|-
			\|'''der''', "him"
			'''dam''', "her"
			'''ain''', "it"
			\|'''brad''', "those two"
			\|'''ad(we)''', "them"
			\|-
			\|'''on''', "one"
			\|'''bron''', "a couple"
			\|'''mimin''', "some"
			\|}
			{\| class="wikitable"
			! colspan="3" \|'''d. Genitive Case.'''
			\|-
			!Singular
			!Dual
			!Plural
			\|-
			\|'''al''', "my"
			\|'''bro''', "between us our" (inclusive)
			'''broy''' "between us our" (exclusive)
			\|'''ro''', "our" (inclusive)
			'''roy''', "our" (exclusive)
			\|-
			\|'''fyl''', "thy"
			\|'''bryl''' "thy"
			\|'''fyl, fylin''', "thy"
			\|-
			\|'''syl''', "your" (formal)
			\|'''brossyl''', "your"
			\|'''syl, sylin''', "your"
			\|-
			\|'''lõ''', "his"
			'''la''', "her"
			'''aid''', "its"
			\|'''brodwe''', "their"
			\|'''twe''', "their"
			\|}

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==

Nicomega: /* Emphasized nominative or subject */

2021-02-13T23:13:04Z

Emphasized nominative or subject

@@ Line 637: / Line 637: @@
 '''mimryi''', "some" (agentive)
 |}
 ==Syntax==

Nicomega: /* Emphasized nominative or subject */

2021-02-13T23:10:06Z

Emphasized nominative or subject

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:10, 13 February 2021
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	\|-		\|-
	\|'''loly''', "he" (participatory)		\|'''loly''', "he" (participatory)
	'''loylyi''', "he" (agentive)		'''loylyi''', "he" (agentive)<br>
	'''lyly''', "she" (participatory)		'''lyly''', "she" (participatory)<br>
	'''lylyi''', "she" (agentive)		'''lylyi''', "she" (agentive)<br>
	'''airy''', "it" (participatory)		'''airy''', "it" (participatory)<br>
	'''airyi''', "it" (agentive)		'''airyi''', "it" (agentive)<br>
	\|'''brottwavry''', "those two" (participatory)		\|'''brottwavry''', "those two" (participatory)
	'''brotwavryi''', "those two" (agentive)		'''brotwavryi''', "those two" (agentive)

Nicomega: /* Possession */

2021-02-13T23:09:01Z

Possession

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:09, 13 February 2021
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	How do these work with other prefixes? With plural prefixes, the possessive suffix is used if there is no article: '''wydo niselivyd''', "[the] truth of concepts." Otherwise: '''paneht ilid niselivy''', "[the] strength of the concepts."		How do these work with other prefixes? With plural prefixes, the possessive suffix is used if there is no article: '''wydo niselivyd''', "[the] truth of concepts." Otherwise: '''paneht ilid niselivy''', "[the] strength of the concepts."

			=== '''Pronouns''' ===
			This chart on the main pronouns is repeated, for clarity's sake, in the section on verbs. These prefix to verbs except for '''broffyn, brossyn,''' and '''brottwav.''' Inclusive and exclusive "we" makes a distinction between an addressee (or addressees) who is included from or excluded in a group with the speaker. The difference between '''fy''' and '''sy''' is (familiar and formal "you") is not one of number, as in most of the Indo-European languages, but of intimacy and formality, closeness and distance. Teonaht has an indefinite pronoun much like the German ''man'' in '''õn/bõn/mim.''' Also like the Germanic languages, Teonaht has a dual formation. Closeness and distance and one-on-one are important in expressing relationships.
			{\| class="wikitable"
			! colspan="3" \|'''a. Nominative (Agentive and Experiential)'''
			\|-
			!Singular
			!Dual
			!Plural
			\|-
			\|'''y, ry,''' "I"
			\|'''brõ''', "we two" (inclusive)
			'''broys''', "we two" (exclusive)
			\|'''tsõ''' "we" (inclusive)
			'''soys,''' "we" (exclusive)
			\|-
			\|'''fy''', "thou"
			\|'''broffyn''', "you two" (familiar)
			\|'''fyn''', "you" (familiar)
			\|-
			\|'''sy''', "you"
			\|'''brossyn''', "you two" (formal)
			\|'''syn''', "you" (formal)
			\|-
			\|'''lo''', "he"
			'''ly''', "she"
			'''ai''', "it"
			\|'''brottwav''', "those two," "both"
			\|'''twav''', "they"
			\|-
			\|'''on''', "one"
			\|'''brõn''', "a couple"
			\|'''mim''', "some"
			\|}

			==== '''Emphasized nominative or subject''' ====
			Very often one may want the nominative pronoun to lead the sentence, as in the French ''moi'' of ''Moi, je suis arrivé etc.'' The following paradigm for the emphasized subject is the only form of the pronoun to make a distinction between subject and participant. Ordinarily, this distinction is ignored, the absolute form being used for both cases, but in some instances the agentive (which takes the suffix '''-i''' (pronounced like a ''schwa'') is useful in some contexts, especially when you are formally addressing someone whom you don't wish to offend by putting his pronoun in the "non-volitional" (universally conceived in T. as the weaker case): '''Syryi, Hmeo, krekinvand tyr nuarsy bado''', "You, Sir, had a bad dream too." This is of course a compromise; '''nuarsy bado''' exhibits non-volitional morphology (used of actions like dreaming, or enduring dreams), but at least some agency is returned to the important man in the emphatic pronoun at the beginning. Pronounced, incidentally, exactly like "Syria."
			{\| class="wikitable"
			! colspan="3" \|b. Emphasized Subject
			\|-
			!Singular
			!Dual
			!Plural
			\|-
			\|'''yry, ryry''', "I" (participatory)
			'''yryi, ryryi''', "I" (agentive)
			\|'''brõry, broysy''', "We two" (incl./excl.)(participatory)
			'''broryi, broysyi''', "We two" (incl./excl.)(agentive)
			\|'''tsõry, soysy''', "We" (incl./excl.) (participatory)
			'''tsõryi, soysyi''', "We" (incl./excl.)(agentive)
			\|-
			\|'''fyry,''', "thou" (participatory)
			'''fyryi''', "thou" (agentive)
			\|'''broffynry''', "you two" (participatory)
			'''brofynryi''', "you two" (agentive)
			\|'''fynry''', "you" (familar, (participatory)
			'''fynryi''', "you" (agentive)
			\|-
			\|'''syry''', "you" (formal, participatory)
			'''syryi''', "you" (formal, agentive)
			\|'''brossynry''', "you two" (formal, participatory)
			'''brosynryi''', "you two" (formal, agentive)
			\|'''synry''', "you" (formal participatory)
			'''synryi''', "you" (formal, agentive)
			\|-
			\|'''loly''', "he" (participatory)
			'''loylyi''', "he" (agentive)
			'''lyly''', "she" (participatory)
			'''lylyi''', "she" (agentive)
			'''airy''', "it" (participatory)
			'''airyi''', "it" (agentive)
			\|'''brottwavry''', "those two" (participatory)
			'''brotwavryi''', "those two" (agentive)
			\|'''twavry''', "they" (participatory)
			'''twavryi''', "they" (agentive)
			\|-
			\|'''õnry''', "one" (participatory)
			'''õ nryi''', "one" (agentive)
			\|'''brõnry''', "a couple" (participatory)
			'''brõnryi''' "a couple" (agentive)
			\|'''mimry''', "some" (participatory)
			'''mimryi''', "some" (agentive)
			\|}

	==Syntax==		==Syntax==