User:Ceige/Tossaq - Revision history

Ceige: making ü u, and u ů

2019-01-25T09:55:09Z

making ü u, and u ů

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:55, 25 January 2019
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	* Vowel colouring results in a new vowel system:		* Vowel colouring results in a new vowel system:
	:* å ä â a -> o, e, a, æ (where a and æ are often merged)		:* å ä â a -> o, e, a, æ (where a and æ are often merged)
	:* ǝ̊ ǝ̈ ǝ̂ ǝ -> ü, i, u, ǝ (where ü and u are often merged, and i and ǝ are also often merged)		:* ǝ̊ ǝ̈ ǝ̂ ǝ -> u, i, ů, ǝ (where u and ů are often merged, and i and ǝ are also often merged)

	Examples:		Examples:
	* tåq(ʀa) -> toq(ʀa)		* tåq(ʀa) -> toq(ʀa)
	* ǝ̊ǝ̊bǝ̂q(wäh) -> ~~üübuq~~(weh)		* ǝ̊ǝ̊bǝ̂q(wäh) -> uubůq(weh)

	<br />		<br />
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	=== Modern Tossaq ===		=== Modern Tossaq ===
	* In some dialects, the following vowel mergers occur:		* In some dialects, the following vowel mergers occur:
	:* ü, u		:* u, ů
	:* i, ǝ		:* i, ǝ
	:* a, æ		:* a, æ
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	\| *tewtex-somos \|\| tyatwăʀă-swamăs \|\| toq-fan \|\| tòppàn \|\| union		\| *tewtex-somos \|\| tyatwăʀă-swamăs \|\| toq-fan \|\| tòppàn \|\| union
	\|-		\|-
	\| *drukós \|\| ǝddukwăs \|\| üü-~~buq~~ \|\| únbù \|\| trough		\| *drukós \|\| ǝddukwăs \|\| uu-bůq \|\| únbù \|\| trough
	\|-		\|-
	\| *wiḱpotís \|\| wǝkpwatyǝ̆s \|\| wůq-peq \|\| ùppè \|\| village head		\| *wiḱpotís \|\| wǝkpwatyǝ̆s \|\| wůq-peq \|\| ùppè \|\| village head

Ceige: Ceige moved page User:Ceige/Pǝqyǝq to User:Ceige/Tossaq: Change of language name

2019-01-25T09:53:09Z

Ceige moved page User:Ceige/Pǝqyǝq to User:Ceige/Tossaq: Change of language name

← Older revision	Revision as of 09:53, 25 January 2019
(No difference)

Ceige at 09:52, 25 January 2019

2019-01-25T09:52:37Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:52, 25 January 2019
Line 63:		Line 63:

	<br />		<br />

			=== Early-Middle Tossaq ===
			* Voiceless consonants preceded by {{smallcaps\|-q}} become geminated
			* In some dialects, long vowels before voiced consonants become -VN
			:* in other dialects, vowels followed by {{smallcaps\|-q}} and a voiced consonant become long
			* In some dialects, liquids preceded by both {{smallcaps\|-q & -h}} become voiceless
			:* In other dialects, liquids and fricatives preceded by {{smallcaps\|-q}} become plosives
			* In some dialects, -{{smallcaps\|q}}N- yields a geminate plosive, in others it just results in a prestopped consonant.
			* Across most dialects, voiced ʀ becomes /l~r/

			Examples:
			* toq-yaq -> toqẙak (toççaq, toccaq)
			* toq-fan -> toqfan (toffan, toppan)
			* toq(ʀa) -> toq, toqʀ̊a
			* uubůq(weh) -> unbůq, unbůqẘa

			=== Modern Tossaq ===
			* In some dialects, the following vowel mergers occur:
			:* ü, u
			:* i, ǝ
			:* a, æ
			* In most dialects, ç -> sh, c -> ch
			:* In some dialects, hi, ʀ̊i and hu, ʀ̊u yield çi and fu, and these varying merge with other fricatives in behaviour here.
			* -h is merged with -q in some dialects, and lengthens vowels in others
			* In some dialects, -q disappears when it has nothing to interact with. Its assimilatory effects are still productive in those dialects.
			:* This sometimes leads to an accent system forming, with -Vq vowels becoming -v̀.
			:* This accent system then expands such that all closed syllables become low accents, and all open syllables become high accents.
			* In some dialects, -qʀ- becomes -kk- ~ -qq-.

			Examples:
			{\| class="wikitable"
			\|-
			! P.Indo-European !! Proto-Tossaq !! Late-Middle Tossaq !! Modern Tossaq !! English
			\|-
			\| *tewtex-yekós \|\| tyatwăʀă-yakwă \|\| toq-yaq \|\| tòcchà \|\| national language
			\|-
			\| *tewtex-somos \|\| tyatwăʀă-swamăs \|\| toq-fan \|\| tòppàn \|\| union
			\|-
			\| *drukós \|\| ǝddukwăs \|\| üü-buq \|\| únbù \|\| trough
			\|-
			\| *wiḱpotís \|\| wǝkpwatyǝ̆s \|\| wůq-peq \|\| ùppè \|\| village head
			\|-
			\| *déḱos, -es- \|\| dyakyăsă \|\| deq, deteh \|\| dè, détèè \|\| right, proper, honourable; honours
			\|-
			\| *nébhos, -es- \|\| nyab̈yăsă \|\| nee, nedeh \|\| néé, nédèè \|\| cloud; clouds
			\|}

Ceige: Created page with "Tossaq (Toqyaq) is an Indo-European language with aggressive assimilatory sound changes.
== Sound Changes == === Pre-Proto-Tossaq === * Diphthongisation of e and o to..."

2019-01-25T08:10:52Z

Created page with "Tossaq (Toqyaq) is an Indo-European language with aggressive assimilatory sound changes. <br /> == Sound Changes == === Pre-Proto-Tossaq === * Diphthongisation of e and o to..."

New page

Tossaq (Toqyaq) is an Indo-European language with aggressive assimilatory sound changes.

<br />

== Sound Changes ==
=== Pre-Proto-Tossaq ===
* Diphthongisation of e and o to ie and uo respectively
* Treatment of any vowel + h(1, 2, 3) as ʀǝ
* epenthetic vowels added before and after clusters, with:
:* liquids L and R assimilating to the adjacent consonant's manner of articulation e.g. tr- -> ǝtr- -> ǝtt-
:* nasals staying unassimilated.

Examples:
* tewt-eh2 -> tjewt-ʀǝ
* drukós -> ǝdduk-uos

=== Proto-Tossaq ===
* ie, uo, ʀǝ become ja, wa, ʀa respectively
* metathesis of any second liquid sound to the end of the word, e.g. tjewt- -> tjatw-
* general loss of word final vowels and inflectional endings

Examples
* tjewt-3a -> tjatw(-ʀa)
* ǝdduk-uos -> ǝdduk(-was)

=== Old-Tossaq ===
* consonants assimilate to the place of articulation of following liquids (or i/u):
:* for plosives: Pw, Pj, Pʀ -> p, t, k (b, d, g, bh, dh, gh etc)
:* for fricatives: Fw, Fj, Fʀ -> f, s, h
:* for liquids: Lw, Lj, Lʀ -> w, y, ʀ
:* for nasals: Nw, Nj, Nʀ -> m, n, ŋ
* front/back distinctions of vowels are lost, e.g. twa, tja, tʀa -> pa, ta, ka
:* for open vowels: a
:* for closed vowels: ɯ (ı, ǝ in writing)

Examples
* tjatw(-ʀa) -> tap(ʀa)
* ǝdduk(-was) -> ǝbbǝk(was)

=== Early-Middle Tossaq ===
* syllabe-final consonants colour the preceding vowel and merge together:
:* labials add the ring diacritic, dentals add the trema, e.g. ǝbbǝk -> ǝ̊bbǝk
:* in some dialects, velars add the macron, e.g. ǝ̊bbǝ̂k
:* voiceless plosives become {{smallcaps|-q}}
:* voiced plosives lengthen the preceding vowel
:* fricatives become {{smallcaps|-h}}
:* liquids still colour the final vowel, but leave no other direct trace
:* nasals become {{smallcaps|-n}}
:* in summary: -P, -V, -F, -L, -N -> {{smallcaps|-q, -:, -h, -ø, -n}}

Examples:
* tap(ʀa) -> tåq(ʀa)
* ǝbbǝk(was) -> ǝ̊ǝ̊bǝ̂q(wäh)

=== Late-Middle Tossaq ===
* Vowel colouring results in a new vowel system:
:* å ä â a -> o, e, a, æ (where a and æ are often merged)
:* ǝ̊ ǝ̈ ǝ̂ ǝ -> ü, i, u, ǝ (where ü and u are often merged, and i and ǝ are also often merged)

Examples:
* tåq(ʀa) -> toq(ʀa)
* ǝ̊ǝ̊bǝ̂q(wäh) -> üübuq(weh)

<br />

User:Ceige/Tossaq - Revision history

Ceige: making ü u, and u ů

Ceige: Ceige moved page User:Ceige/Pǝqyǝq to User:Ceige/Tossaq: Change of language name

Ceige at 09:52, 25 January 2019

Ceige: Created page with "Tossaq (Toqyaq) is an Indo-European language with aggressive assimilatory sound changes. == Sound Changes == === Pre-Proto-Tossaq === * Diphthongisation of e and o to..."

Ceige: Created page with "Tossaq (Toqyaq) is an Indo-European language with aggressive assimilatory sound changes.
== Sound Changes == === Pre-Proto-Tossaq === * Diphthongisation of e and o to..."