User:Waahlis/Tlastir - Revision history

Sware at 21:08, 4 July 2021

2021-07-04T21:08:44Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:08, 4 July 2021
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	{{Infobox language		{{Infobox language
	\|image = In tlastiratl.png		\|image = In tlastiratl.png
			\|creator = User:Waahlis
	\|imagesize = 250px		\|imagesize = 250px
	\|name = Tlastir		\|name = Tlastir

Sware at 21:07, 4 July 2021

2021-07-04T21:07:30Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:07, 4 July 2021
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	\|name = Tlastir		\|name = Tlastir
	\|nativename = In tlastīratl		\|nativename = In tlastīratl
	\|pronunciation = /ɪn t͡ɬäs̪θiːˈɽät͡ɬ/		\|pronunciation = ɪn t͡ɬäs̪θiːˈɽät͡ɬ
	\|region = [[w:Mesoamerica\|Mesoamerica]]		\|region = [[w:Mesoamerica\|Mesoamerica]]
	\|states = [[w:Mexico\|Mexico]], [[w:Guatemala\|Guatemala]]		\|states = [[w:Mexico\|Mexico]], [[w:Guatemala\|Guatemala]]
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	\|map = Cuarathah.jpg		\|map = Cuarathah.jpg
	\|mapcaption = Map picturing the Cuarathah region in [[w:Mesoamerica\|Mesoamerica]], in [[w:Mexico\|Mexico]]		\|mapcaption = Map picturing the Cuarathah region in [[w:Mesoamerica\|Mesoamerica]], in [[w:Mexico\|Mexico]]
	\|~~iso1~~ = tl		\|script1 = Latn
	\|~~iso2~~ = ~~tlr~~		\|script2 = Grek
	~~\|iso3 = tlr~~
	~~\|script = [[w:Latin script\|Latin]], [[w:Greek script\|Greek]]~~
	~~\|agency = None~~
	\|notice = IPA		\|notice = IPA
	}}		}}

Sware: Unifying {{col-2}}, {{col-3}}, {{col-4}} into {{col-n}}

2021-03-25T11:17:54Z

Unifying {{col-2}}, {{col-3}}, {{col-4}} into {{col-n}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:17, 25 March 2021
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	This is the Tlastir phonemic inventory of sounds, which possesses about 20 consonants, the majority of them voiceless and gemination is not distinguished. In addition to that, there is a simple five-vowel system.		This is the Tlastir phonemic inventory of sounds, which possesses about 20 consonants, the majority of them voiceless and gemination is not distinguished. In addition to that, there is a simple five-vowel system.
	{{Col-begin}}		{{Col-begin}}
	{{Col-2}}		{{Col-n\|2}}
	{\| {{Table/bluetable}} style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"		{\| {{Table/bluetable}} style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
	\|+ '''Consonant phonemes in Tlastir'''		\|+ '''Consonant phonemes in Tlastir'''
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	\| style="text-align: center;"\|		\| style="text-align: center;"\|
	\|}		\|}
	{{Col-2}}		{{Col-n\|2}}
	{\| {{Table/bluetable}} style="margin-left:10px; width: 300px;"		{\| {{Table/bluetable}} style="margin-left:10px; width: 300px;"
	\|+ '''Vowel phonemes in Tlastir'''		\|+ '''Vowel phonemes in Tlastir'''

Waahlis: /* Examples */

2013-12-14T17:18:12Z

Examples

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:18, 14 December 2013
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	\|		\|
	\|}		\|}
	{{Waahlis}}		[[Category:User:Waahlis]]

Waahlis at 07:42, 2 February 2013

2013-02-02T07:42:39Z

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 The Tlastir language is odd in a few of its features, for example, the language completely lacks true nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and adverbs, instead relying almost completely on verbs.
+{{Infobox language
 ==General Information==
 The '''Tlastir''' language is a relatively small native American language, spoken foremost in the southernmost of Mexico and on the borders of Guatemala and Belize. The number of speakers is currently obscure, but estimations gather around 12 - 15,000 speakers over four main dialects. Distinctive features include the lack of voiced consonants - despite a large inventory, phonemic vowel length as well as labialisation and aspiration on plosive consonants. Similar to some other native American languages, for example [[w:Blackfoot|Blackfoot]], the language has phonemic consonant gemination. Grammar-wise, the language is heavily agglutinative, possesses what could be described as a V(S)O word order, and verb-based grammatical structure.

Waahlis: /* Phonology */

2012-11-14T20:26:49Z

Phonology

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:26, 14 November 2012
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	{{Col-begin}}		{{Col-begin}}
	{{Col-2}}		{{Col-2}}
	{\| {{~~bluetab~~}} style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"		{\| {{Table/bluetable}} style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
	\|+ '''Consonant phonemes in Tlastir'''		\|+ '''Consonant phonemes in Tlastir'''
	\|-		\|-
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	\|}		\|}
	{{Col-2}}		{{Col-2}}
	{\| {{~~bluetab~~}} style="margin-left:10px; width: 300px;"		{\| {{Table/bluetable}} style="margin-left:10px; width: 300px;"
	\|+ '''Vowel phonemes in Tlastir'''		\|+ '''Vowel phonemes in Tlastir'''
	! rowspan=2\|		! rowspan=2\|

Waahlis: Created page with "sphere and signature of the Tlastir language used on the wiki.|200px]] '''Tlastir''' /[[w:IPA for Engl..."

2012-11-12T20:43:31Z

Created page with "thumb|left|The corresponding [[User:Waahlis/Gallery|sphere and signature of the Tlastir language used on the wiki.|200px]] '''Tlastir''' /[[w:IPA for Engl..."

New page

[[File:Tlastir.png|thumb|left|The corresponding [[User:Waahlis/Gallery|sphere]] and signature of the Tlastir language used on the wiki.|200px]]
'''Tlastir''' /[[w:IPA for English|ˈtlæstɪə̯]]/ (natively '''In tlastīratl''' /ɪn t͡ɬäs̪θiːˈɽät͡ɬ/ - ''that which is a language'') is a constructed language heavily inspired by the Uto-Aztecan language [[w:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]] and the Indo-European language [[w:Greek|Greek]]. It is a priori, and does therefore not inherit any characteristics from the two languages, but is instead an artistic reinterpretation.

The Tlastir language is odd in a few of its features, for example, the language completely lacks true nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and adverbs, instead relying almost completely on verbs.

==General Information==
The '''Tlastir''' language is a relatively small native American language, spoken foremost in the southernmost of Mexico and on the borders of Guatemala and Belize. The number of speakers is currently obscure, but estimations gather around 12 - 15,000 speakers over four main dialects. Distinctive features include the lack of voiced consonants - despite a large inventory, phonemic vowel length as well as labialisation and aspiration on plosive consonants. Similar to some other native American languages, for example [[w:Blackfoot|Blackfoot]], the language has phonemic consonant gemination. Grammar-wise, the language is heavily agglutinative, possesses what could be described as a V(S)O word order, and verb-based grammatical structure.

Whilst distinct from other Native American languages, it has formed a solid Sprachbund with the [[w:Uto-Aztecan languages|Uto-Aztecan]] languages and especially with the isolate [[Cuoxeh]] language.

==Phonology==
{| class="bluetable lighbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 600px;"
|+
! colspan="8" scope="row"|Vocabulary
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|''tlātl''
| style="text-align: center;"| sound
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|''natlāllitl''
| style="text-align: center;"| consonant
|-
| style="text-align: center;"|''huōnotlatlicā''
| style="text-align: center;"| phonotactics
|-
|}

This is the Tlastir phonemic inventory of sounds, which possesses about 20 consonants, the majority of them voiceless and gemination is not distinguished. In addition to that, there is a simple five-vowel system.
{{Col-begin}}
{{Col-2}}
{| {{bluetab}} style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
|+ '''Consonant phonemes in Tlastir'''
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|
! style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|Bilabial
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="3"|Dental
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"|Alveolar
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="2"|Palatal
! style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|Retroflex
! style="text-align: center;" colspan="3"|Velar
! style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|Glottal
|-
! plain
! aspirated
! labialised
! central
! lateral
! plain
! lateral
! plain
! aspirated
! labialised
|-
! colspan="2"|Nasals
| style="text-align: center;"|'''m''' /m/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''n''' /n̪/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''nu''' /n̪ʷ/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|[ŋ]
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
|-
! colspan="2"|Plosive
| style="text-align: center;"|'''p''' /p/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''t''' /t̪/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''th''' /t̪ʰ/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''tu''' /t̪ʷ/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''c''' /k/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''ch''' /kʰ/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''cu''' /kʷ/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''h''' /ʔ/
|-
! colspan="2"|Affricate
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''tz''' /t͡s/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''tl''' /t͡ɬ/
| style="text-align: center;" rowspan="2"|'''x''' /ɕ - t͡ɕ/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
|-
! colspan="2"|Fricative
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''z''' /s/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Approximant
| style="text-align: center;"|'''hu''' /ʍ/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''y''' /j/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Liquids
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''l''' /ɬ/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|'''ll''' /ʎ̥˔/
| style="text-align: center;"|'''r''' /ɽ/
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
| style="text-align: center;"|
|}
{{Col-2}}
{| {{bluetab}} style="margin-left:10px; width: 300px;"
|+ '''Vowel phonemes in Tlastir'''
! rowspan=2|
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|Front
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|Central
! colspan=2 style="text-align: center;"|Back
|-align=center class=small
!short||long||short||long||short||long
|-align=center
!Close
|'''i''' /i/||'''ī''' /iː/|| || |||'''u''' /u/|||'''ū''' /uː/
|-align=center
! Mid
|'''e''' /e̞/||'''ē''' /e̞ː/|| || |||'''o''' /o/|||'''ō''' /oː/
|-align=center
! Open
| || ||'''a''' /ä/||'''ā''' /äː/|| ||
|}

*⟨'''c'''⟩ is written ⟨'''qu'''⟩ when preceeding the front vowels /i/ or /e̞/.
*⟨'''z'''⟩ is written ⟨'''c'''⟩, also when preceeding the front vowels /i/ or /e̞/, and ⟨'''s'''⟩ when preceeding ⟨'''t''', '''tu''', '''c''', '''cu'''⟩
*⟨'''tz'''⟩ is written ⟨'''ch'''⟩ also when preceeding the front vowels /i/ or /e̞/.
*The labialised consonants and bilabial approximant ⟨'''nu''', '''tu''', '''cu''', '''hu'''⟩ are inverted to ⟨'''un''', '''ut''', '''uc''', '''uh'''⟩ when final.
{{Col-end}}
===Morphophonology===
====Assimilation====
Similarly to [[Cuoxeh]], the Tlastir language tends to assimilate some syllable codas to the neighbouring onset. The syllables of morphemes may be altered when followed or proceeded by certain other morphemes. A list of such assimilations is shown below:
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsible" style="width: 330px; text-align:center"
! colspan="5" |Assimilation
|-
! style="width: 75px; "|Coda
! style="width: 35px; "|
! style="width: 75px; "|Onset
! style="width: 35px; "|
! style="width: 75px; "|Result
|-
! colspan="5"|Consonants
|-
|m
| +
|y
| →
|mn
|-
|n
| +
|y
| →
|nn
|-
|l
| +
|y
| →
|ll
|-
|r
| +
|y
| →
|yy
|-
|z
| +
|y
| →
|zz
|-
|x
| +
|y
| →
|xx
|-
|tz
| +
|y
| →
|x
|-
|tl
| +
|y
| →
|ll
|-
|y
| +
|c
| →
|cc
|-
|l
| +
|c
| →
|zc
|-
|tl
| +
|c
| →
|tz
|-
|h
| +
|C
| →
|C
|-
|l
| +
|tl
| →
|ll
|-
|l
| +
|z
| →
|zz
|-
|l
| +
|r
| →
|ll
|-
! colspan="5" |Vowels
|-
|Vshort
| +
|h
| →
|Vlong
|-
|Vshort
| +
|Vshort
| →
|Vlong
|-
|Vshort
| +
|Vlong
| →
|Vlong
|-
|Vlong
| +
|Vshort
| →
|Vlong
|}

===Phonotactics===
The Tlastir phonotactics and syllable structure is very close to that of [[w:Nahuatl|Nahuatl]], and the structure ''(C)V(C)'' is the general maximum. This grants that all syllables are broken into this structure, no matter if the current form arose through for example allophony: the word ''mennoh'' , "for us", is thus split into /me̞n/ +/ˈnoːʔ/ and not /me̞nn/ + /ˈoːʔ/.

It also makes it nigh impossible to have an onset over one consonant long, making consonant clusters with labialised or aspirated impossible, e.g. ''CʷV'' not ''CʷCV''.

There are exceptions to this structure, however, and that is clustering the alveolodental fricative /s̪/ with any of the dental or velar plosives in the syllable onset. However, sonority dictates that fricatives may only preceed other fricatives, fricativising the stops. This grants the clusters:
*⟨z⟩ + ⟨t⟩ = ⟨st⟩ /s̪θ/
*⟨z⟩ + ⟨th⟩ = ⟨sth⟩ /s̪θ/
*⟨z⟩ + ⟨tu⟩ = ⟨stu⟩ /s̪θw/
*⟨z⟩ + ⟨c⟩ = ⟨scu⟩ /s̪x/
*⟨z⟩ + ⟨ch⟩ = ⟨sch⟩ /s̪x/
*⟨z⟩ + ⟨cu⟩ = ⟨scu⟩ /s̪xw/
Interestingly, this gives a maximum onset of ''sCwV'', far larger than the standard structure. This syllable may '''only''' occur in an onset position of a lexeme.
The combination ''z + p'' never occurs in the language, and is not viable.

==Verbal nominalisation==
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsible" style="background: none repeat scroll ; text-align: center; width: 80%; height: 100%;"
! colspan="12" |Noun
|-
| colspan="3" |''-''
| colspan="3" |/-/
| colspan="6" |...
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |Person
! colspan="7" |Singular
! colspan="7" |Plural
|-
! colspan="2" |1st
! colspan="2" |2nd
! colspan="3" |3rd
! rowspan="2" |1st
! rowspan="2" |2nd
! rowspan="2" |3rd
|-
! masculine
!feminine
!masculine
! feminine
!masculine
!feminine
!neuter
|-
! rowspan="8" |Indicative
! colspan="11" style="width: 12%;"|
|-
! style="width: 12%;"|Object enclitics
| style="width: 12%;"|-''yi''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''yique''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''ti''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''tique''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''hui''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''huique''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''in''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''itz''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''itzque''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''itzin''
|-
! colspan="11" style="height: 3px;" |
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Predicative
| colspan="11"|See non-past atelic conjugation
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Relative
|''meme-''
|''meme-que''
|''tutu-''
|''tutu-que''
|''huhui-''
|''huhui-que''
|''in-''
|''meme-nī-''
|''tutu-nī-''
|''in-nī-''
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Applicative
|''name-''
|''name-que''
|''natu-''
|''natu-que''
|''nahui-''
|''nahui-que''
|''nahin-''
|''name-nī-''
|''natu-nī-''
|''nahin-nī-''
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Benefactive
|''me-yōh''
|''me-quiyōh''
|''tu-yōh''
|''tu-quiyōh''
|''hui-yōh''
|''hui-quiyōh''
|''-yōh''
|''me-nīyōh''
|''tu-nīyōh''
|''-nīyōh''
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Malefactive
|''xime-yōh''
|''xime-quiyōh''
|''xitu-yōh''
|''xitu-quiyōh''
|''xihui-yōh''
|''xihui-quiyōh''
|''xi-yōh''
|''xime-nīyōh''
|''xitu-nīyōh''
|''xi-nīyōh''
|}

==Verbs==
Subject to change.

{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsible" style="background: none repeat scroll ; text-align: center; width: 80%; height: 100%;"
! colspan="12" |Verb
|-
| colspan="3" |''nah''
| colspan="3" |/n̪äʔ/
| colspan="6" |to see
|-
! colspan="12" |Participles
|-
! colspan="3" |Non-Past
| colspan="9"|''nahayyāh''
|-
! colspan="3" |Past
| colspan="9"|''nahayyātl''
|-
! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |Person
! colspan="7" |Singular
! colspan="7" |Plural
|-
! colspan="2" |1st
! colspan="2" |2nd
! colspan="3" |3rd
! rowspan="2" |1st
! rowspan="2" |2nd
! rowspan="2" |3rd
|-
! masculine
!feminine
!masculine
! feminine
!masculine
!feminine
!neuter
|-
! rowspan="10" |Indicative
! colspan="11" style="width: 12%;"|
|-
! style="width: 12%;"|Object enclitics
| style="width: 12%;"|-''yi''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''yique''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''ti''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''tique''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''hui''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''huique''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''in''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''itz''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''itzque''
| style="width: 12%;"|-''itzin''
|-
! colspan="11" style="height: 3px;" |Past
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Telic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Atelic
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Retrospective
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
! colspan="11" style="height: 3px;"|Non-Past
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Telic
|''menātl''
|''menātzque''
|''tunātl''
|''tunātzque''
|''huinātl''
|''huinātzque
|''nātl''
|''menātzin''
|''tunātzin''
|''nātzin''
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Atelic
|''menāh''
|''menāque''
|''tunāh''
|''tunāque''
|''huināh''
|''huināque''
|''nah''
|''menanīh''
|''tunanīh''
|''nanīh''
|-
! style="height: 3px;"|Retrospective
|''menanāh''
|''menanāque''
|''tunanāh''
|''tunanāque''
|''huinanāh''
|''huinanāque''
|''nanāh''
|''menananīh''
|''tunananīh''
|''nananīh''
|-
! colspan="2" |Irrealis
|''menātza''
|''menātzaque''
|''tunnātza''
|''tunātzaque''
|''huinātza''
|''huinātzaque''
|''nātza''
|''menāxin''
|''tunāxin''
|''nāxin''
|-
! colspan="2"|Imperative
|''camenātza''
|''camenātzaque''
|''catunnātza''
|''catunātzaque''
|''cahuinātza''
|''cahuinātzaque''
|''canātza''
|''camenāxin''
|''catunāxin''
|''canāxin''
|}

==Examples==
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 600px; text-align:center"
! colspan="2"|Graded Sentences for Analysis from http://www.potterpcs.net/gsfa/
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 250px; "|English
! style="width: 350px; "|[[User:Waahlis/Sandbox/Tlastir|Tlastir]]
|-
!Gloss
|-
! colspan="2"|Part 1
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 250px; "|Birds sing.
| style="width: 350px; "|''Inhanātzin zimīmtzin''
|-
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 250px; "|Children play.
| style="width: 350px; "|''Intuallanīh nāthatzin''
|-
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 250px; "|Dogs bark.
| style="width: 350px; "|''Incuallī mēxin''
|-
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 250px; "|Bees hum.
| style="width: 350px; "|''Inririnīh steccanīh''
|-
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 250px; "|The baby laughed.
| style="width: 350px; "|''Inhuāhuatzin nāthayatzin''
|-
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 250px; "|The sun shines.
| style="width: 350px; "|''Intunāh tunāh'' 
|-
|
|-
| rowspan="2" style="width: 250px; "|The wind blows.
| style="width: 350px; "|''Inhuīnīh huīnīh''
|-
|
|}
{{Waahlis}}