Vurásandi - Revision history

Nicomega: adding categories

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adding categories

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	\| 144 \|\| dorén qatsat qatt \|\| dajǎ		\| 144 \|\| dorén qatsat qatt \|\| dajǎ
	\|}		\|}

			[[Category:Languages]]
			[[Category:Conlangs]]
			[[Category:Philosophical languages]]

Fathermountain at 05:36, 27 May 2017

2017-05-27T05:36:42Z

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	Vurásandi is today one of the 4 main languages of Yarad. It continues to be widely used as a ceremonial language in Kalifi religious rituals and Binduli practice in the form of hymns and chants.		Vurásandi is today one of the 4 main languages of Yarad. It continues to be widely used as a ceremonial language in Kalifi religious rituals and Binduli practice in the form of hymns and chants.

			Vurásandi may also refer to any of the number of tribal dialects spoken in Kalifiya.

	== Name ==		== Name ==
	The name Vurásandi comes from two roots (VRÁ: holy, divine; SND: language, speech, tongue). This language was given its name by the holy priestess Z'e Ji Vuqádzi in her work Vurásandi Esasmátha. This language became used as the primary language for religious rituals and learned discourse throughout Kalifiya, in contrast to the language spoken daily by the common folk, which was known as ~~quyksandi~~ (common speech).		The name Vurásandi comes from two roots (VRÁ: holy, divine; SND: language, speech, tongue). This language was given its name by the holy priestess Z'e Ji Vuqádzi in her work Vurásandi Esasmátha. This language became used as the primary language for religious rituals and learned discourse throughout Kalifiya, in contrast to the language spoken daily by the common folk, which was known as quyuksandi (common speech).

	== History ==		== History ==
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	<small>see also Vurásandi Phonology for more detail </small><br />		<small>see also Vurásandi Phonology for more detail </small><br />

	~~Western~~ Vurásandi distinguishes 40 different phonemes. 15 vowels, 25 consonants. We have used a variation on the traditional alignment of sounds and also a standardized transcription system for writing Vurásandi sounds in the Latin alphabet. More about the writing system and transcription system is listed in the section below called Writing.		Standard Vurásandi distinguishes 40 different phonemes. 15 vowels, 25 consonants. We have used a variation on the traditional alignment of sounds and also a standardized transcription system for writing Vurásandi sounds in the Latin alphabet. More about the writing system and transcription system is listed in the section below called Writing.

	a e i o u<br />		a e i o u<br />
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	=== Vowels ===		=== Vowels ===
	There are 15 different vowel phonemes, which are considered to be between 6 and 21 distinct sounds depending on tradition and dialect. ~~The Western~~ Standard ~~dialect~~ recognizes the normal 15, as to represent each vowel distinctly. There are 5 short vowels, 5 long vowels, and 5 nasal vowels. Below we have listed our standard transcription next to the IPA sound in brackets.<br />		There are 15 different vowel phonemes, which are considered to be between 6 and 21 distinct sounds depending on tradition and dialect. Standard Vurásandi recognizes the normal 15, as to represent each vowel distinctly. There are 5 short vowels, 5 long vowels, and 5 nasal vowels. Below we have listed our standard transcription next to the IPA sound in brackets.<br />

	Short vowels: a [ə] e [e] i [ɪ] o [ɔ] u [ʌ] <br />		Short vowels: a [ə] e [e] i [ɪ] o [ɔ] u [ʌ] <br />
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	=== Consonants ===		=== Consonants ===
	~~The Western~~ Standard ~~dialect~~ recognizes 25 distinct consonant sounds. These 25 different consonant phonemes are made up of 6 plosives (stops), 2 nasals, 11 fricatives, 2 affricates, 2 semivowels, 1 lateral, and 1 tap. We have organized a table to better represent the traditional alignment of consonant sounds in Vurásandi. We have used the traditional transcription method next to the sounds in IPA in brackets as before.		Standard Vurásandi recognizes 25 distinct consonant sounds. These 25 different consonant phonemes are made up of 6 plosives (stops), 2 nasals, 11 fricatives, 2 affricates, 2 semivowels, 1 lateral, and 1 tap. We have organized a table to better represent the traditional alignment of consonant sounds in Vurásandi. We have used the traditional transcription method next to the sounds in IPA in brackets as before.

	{\| class="wikitable"		{\| class="wikitable"

Fathermountain at 05:33, 27 May 2017

2017-05-27T05:33:16Z

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	== Name ==		== Name ==
	The name Vurásandi comes from two roots (VRÁ: holy, divine; SND: language, speech, tongue). This language was given its name by the holy priestess Z'e Ji Vuqádzi in her work Vurásandi Esasmátha. This language became used as the primary language for religious rituals and learned discourse throughout Kalifiya, in contrast to the language spoken daily by the common folk, which was known as (~~Quyksandi,~~ common speech).		The name Vurásandi comes from two roots (VRÁ: holy, divine; SND: language, speech, tongue). This language was given its name by the holy priestess Z'e Ji Vuqádzi in her work Vurásandi Esasmátha. This language became used as the primary language for religious rituals and learned discourse throughout Kalifiya, in contrast to the language spoken daily by the common folk, which was known as quyksandi (common speech).

	== ~~Variants~~ ==		== History ==
	~~The pre-Dark Age~~ of the ~~King form~~ of ~~Vurásandi is known as Old Vura, with the language used in the Hanam Vara being the most ancient and archaic stage surviving into this day, dating back to 4,500 years ago~~.		Vurásandi developed from a number of different dialects spoken throughout Kalifiya during the Age of Ram. Originally laid out in Vurásandi Essámatha by Z'e Ji Vuqádzi (one of Is'a's 12 Shepherds) in the 72nd year of the Age of Fish. It's position in the cultures of Greater Kalifiya is akin to that of Sanskrit in India and Latin and Ancient Greek in Europe, and it has significantly influenced most modern languages of the Kalifiyan Subcontinent, particularly in Kalifiya, the Riverlands, West Tepia, Karbadi, Siryorunda, and Pangala.

	~~Modern Vurásandi is the standardized register as~~ laid out in Vurásandi Essámatha by Z'e Ji Vuqádzi (one of Is'a's 12 ~~holy men~~) in the ~~24th~~ year of the ~~Dark~~ Age. It's position in the cultures of Greater Kalifiya is akin to that of Sanskrit in India and Latin and Ancient Greek in Europe, and it has significantly influenced most modern languages of the Kalifiyan Subcontinent, particularly in Kalifiya, the Riverlands, West Tepia, Karbadi, Siryorunda, and Pangala.

	=== ~~Old Vura~~ ===		=== Origin of Standard Vurásandi ===
	The language as described by Z'e Ji Vuqádzi evolved out of the earlier form known as Old Vura. The present form of Old Vura can be traced back to as early as 5,000 years ago with the oldest holy text known as the Hanam Vara, author unknown. Scholars often distinguish Old Vura and Modern Vurásandi as separate dialects~~, as there is some evidence of them existing simultaneously~~. ~~Although they are quite similar, they differ in~~ a ~~number of essential points of phonology, vocabulary, grammar~~ and ~~syntax. Old Vura is~~ the ~~language of the Hanmajis~~, ~~a large collection of hymns, incantations and theological and religion-philosophical discussions (of which~~ the ~~Hanam Vara is the oldest)~~. ~~Modern linguists consider the metrical hymns of the Hanam Vara~~ to be the ~~earliest, composed by many authors over several centuries~~ of ~~oral tradition~~. ~~The end of the Old Vura period is marked by the composition of the Vurakyádva by~~ Z'e Ji ~~Vus'árni, which form~~ the ~~concluding~~ part of the ~~traditional Old Vura corpus; however, there exist many other texts not traditionally included~~ in the ~~old liturgical literature, written after~~ the ~~introduction of Classical Vurásandi, which are direct representations of~~ the ~~Old Vura era, both~~ in ~~language and content~~.		The language as described by Z'e Ji Vuqádzi evolved out of the earlier dialects spoken in Kalifiya. Before Is'a and his 12 Shepherds united the country, many different dialects were spoken throughout the region. This led to much confusion and war during the Age of Ram. Z'e Ji Vuqádzi spent the greater part of her life compiling the Vurásandi Essámahta in order to unify the country's many dialects. Her work became the accepted standard in the 1066th year in the current age.

	=== Modern Vurásandi ===		=== Modern Vurásandi ===
	For nearly 2000 years, Vurásandi was the language of a cultural order that exerted influence from Kalifiya into the Riverlands and onto a significant area of the Middlelands, and to some extent into the Tepian and Jaboni Empires. ~~A significant form of post-Old Vura is found in the~~ Vurásandi of the ~~epic poetry of the religious class—the Ragasamah and Marbahag. The differences in the epics from Z'e Ji Vuqádzi's form of Vurásandi as described in~~ Vurásandi ~~Esasmátha is credited with being caused by innovation by the authors, and not because they are pre-Z'e Ji Vuqádzi. The Vurásandi of the Far West~~ is traditionally considered to be the purest form of Vurásandi, and therefore has become the standard used in teaching schools.		For nearly 2000 years, Vurásandi was the language of a cultural order that exerted influence from Kalifiya into the Riverlands and onto a significant area of the Middlelands, and to some extent into the Tepian and Jaboni Empires. The Vurásandi of the Vurásandi Essámahta is traditionally considered to be the purest form of Vurásandi, and therefore has become the standard used in teaching schools.

	There are four principal dialects of Vurásandi: Vunvurásandi (Northwestern, also called Northern or Western), Madyiradas (lit., from the middle country), Vurásandi Ardehun (Eastern) and Vurásandi Adsetun (Southern, arose in the Classical period). The predecessors of the first three dialects are attested in the ancient writings, of which Hanam Vara is the oldest.

	~~== History ==~~		While much of Kalifiya has become modernized, there still exists a large number of people still living in their traditional tribal ways. These people speak a number of local dialects of Vurásandi, which due to considerable variation could be considered languages in their own rite. It is common for people in Kalifiya to be fluent in at least two forms of Vurásandi.

	== Phonology ==		== Phonology ==

Fathermountain at 05:06, 27 May 2017

2017-05-27T05:06:27Z

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	Vurásandi (IPA: [vu.'rɑː.sən.dɪ]) is the primary liturgical language of ~~the Bordish and Binduli religions~~; a philosophical language of many different religious cults living on the ~~Western Coast~~ of Turtle Island (mainly in Kalifiya); and a literary language and lingua franca of the western world. As a result of transmission of ~~Bordish and Binduli~~ cultures from Kalifiya to the Riverlands ~~in the east~~ and parts of Central Tepia, it is also a language of high culture in some of these regions.		Vurásandi (IPA: [vu.'rɑː.sən.dɪ]) is the primary liturgical language of Kalifiya; a philosophical language of many different religious cults living in the West of Turtle Island (mainly in Kalifiya); and a literary language and lingua franca of the western world. As a result of transmission of Kalifi cultures from Kalifiya to the Riverlands and parts of Central Tepia in the east, as well as Karbadi and Pangala to the south, it is also a language of high culture in some of these regions.

	Vurásandi is a standardized ~~dialect~~ of the Wasmáthi ~~languages~~, having originated ~~before~~ the beginning of the ~~Light~~ Age of ~~War~~ (roughly 5,000 years ago) ~~as Old Vura and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Vura~~. As one of the oldest languages in Yarad~~, for which substantial written documentation exists~~, Vurásandi holds a prominent position in the modern world. The body of Vurásandi literature encompasses a rich tradition of poetry and drama as well as scientific, technical, philosophical and religious texts. The compositions of Vurásandi were ~~orally transmitted for much of its early history~~ by ~~methods~~ of ~~memorization of exceptional complexity, rigor, and fidelity. Thereafter, variants and derivatives of the Barhami script came to be used~~.		Vurásandi is a standardized language of the Wasmáthi dialects, having originated in the beginning of the Age of Fish (roughly 2,000 years ago) when Z'e Ji Vuqadzi wrote Vurásandi Essámahta. As one of the oldest living languages in Yarad, Vurásandi holds a prominent position in the modern world. The body of Vurásandi literature encompasses a rich tradition of poetry and drama as well as scientific, technical, philosophical and religious texts. The early compositions of Vurásandi were written by the 12 Shepards of Is'a.

	Vurásandi is today one of the 4 main languages of Yarad. It continues to be widely used as a ceremonial language in ~~Bordish~~ religious rituals and Binduli practice in the form of hymns and chants.		Vurásandi is today one of the 4 main languages of Yarad. It continues to be widely used as a ceremonial language in Kalifi religious rituals and Binduli practice in the form of hymns and chants.


	== Name ==		== Name ==
	The name Vurásandi comes from two roots (VRÁ: holy, divine; SND: language, speech, tongue). This language became used as the primary language for religious rituals and learned discourse throughout Kalifiya, in contrast to the language spoken daily by the common folk, which was known as (Quyksandi, common speech).		The name Vurásandi comes from two roots (VRÁ: holy, divine; SND: language, speech, tongue). This language was given its name by the holy priestess Z'e Ji Vuqádzi in her work Vurásandi Esasmátha. This language became used as the primary language for religious rituals and learned discourse throughout Kalifiya, in contrast to the language spoken daily by the common folk, which was known as (Quyksandi, common speech).

	== Variants ==		== Variants ==
	The pre-Dark Age of the King form of Vurásandi is known as Old Vura, with the language used in the Hanam Vara being the most ancient and archaic stage surviving into this day, dating back to 4,500 years ago.		The pre-Dark Age of the King form of Vurásandi is known as Old Vura, with the language used in the Hanam Vara being the most ancient and archaic stage surviving into this day, dating back to 4,500 years ago.

	Modern Vurásandi is the standardized register as laid out in Vurásandi ~~Esasmátha~~ by Z'e Ji Vuqádzi (one of Is'a's 12 holy men) in the 24th year of the Dark Age. It's position in the cultures of Greater Kalifiya is akin to that of Sanskrit in India and Latin and Ancient Greek in Europe, and it has significantly influenced most modern languages of the Kalifiyan Subcontinent, particularly in Kalifiya, the Riverlands, West Tepia, Karbadi, Siryorunda, and Pangala.		Modern Vurásandi is the standardized register as laid out in Vurásandi Essámatha by Z'e Ji Vuqádzi (one of Is'a's 12 holy men) in the 24th year of the Dark Age. It's position in the cultures of Greater Kalifiya is akin to that of Sanskrit in India and Latin and Ancient Greek in Europe, and it has significantly influenced most modern languages of the Kalifiyan Subcontinent, particularly in Kalifiya, the Riverlands, West Tepia, Karbadi, Siryorunda, and Pangala.

	=== Old Vura ===		=== Old Vura ===

Fathermountain at 21:11, 25 May 2017

2017-05-25T21:11:05Z

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 |-
 |  ||  ||  || AMA -h- ||
 |}

Fathermountain at 16:43, 25 May 2017

2017-05-25T16:43:34Z

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	Vurásandi (IPA: [vu.'rɑː.sən.dɪ]) is the primary liturgical language of the Bordish and Binduli religions; a philosophical language of many different religious cults living on the Western Coast of Turtle Island (mainly in Kalifiya); and a literary language and lingua franca of the western world. As a result of transmission of Bordish and ~~Bindul culture~~ from Kalifiya to the Riverlands in the east and parts of Central Tepia, it is also a language of high culture in some of these regions.		Vurásandi (IPA: [vu.'rɑː.sən.dɪ]) is the primary liturgical language of the Bordish and Binduli religions; a philosophical language of many different religious cults living on the Western Coast of Turtle Island (mainly in Kalifiya); and a literary language and lingua franca of the western world. As a result of transmission of Bordish and Binduli cultures from Kalifiya to the Riverlands in the east and parts of Central Tepia, it is also a language of high culture in some of these regions.

	Vurásandi is a standardized dialect of the Wasmáthi languages, having originated before the beginning of the Light Age of War (roughly 5,000 years ago) as Old Vura and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Vura. As one of the oldest languages in Yarad, for which substantial written documentation exists, Vurásandi holds a prominent position in the modern world. The body of Vurásandi literature encompasses a rich tradition of poetry and drama as well as scientific, technical, philosophical and religious texts. The compositions of Vurásandi were orally transmitted for much of its early history by methods of memorization of exceptional complexity, rigor, and fidelity. Thereafter, variants and derivatives of the Barhami script came to be used.		Vurásandi is a standardized dialect of the Wasmáthi languages, having originated before the beginning of the Light Age of War (roughly 5,000 years ago) as Old Vura and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Vura. As one of the oldest languages in Yarad, for which substantial written documentation exists, Vurásandi holds a prominent position in the modern world. The body of Vurásandi literature encompasses a rich tradition of poetry and drama as well as scientific, technical, philosophical and religious texts. The compositions of Vurásandi were orally transmitted for much of its early history by methods of memorization of exceptional complexity, rigor, and fidelity. Thereafter, variants and derivatives of the Barhami script came to be used.

Fathermountain: /* Verb Conjugations */

2017-05-25T16:38:52Z

Verb Conjugations

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	! V- tense !! C- voice !! V !! C- mood !! C- aspect		! V- tense !! C- voice !! V !! C- mood !! C- aspect
	\|-		\|-
	\| past -i- \|\| ACT -(l/n)- \|\| ~~Example~~ \|\| IND — \|\| NEU —		\| past -i- \|\| ACT -(l/n)- \|\| \|\| IND — \|\| NEU —
	\|-		\|-
	\| recent past -e- \|\| PAS -(n)t- \|\| ~~Example~~ \|\| ALT -z- \|\| PRO -k/g-		\| recent past -e- \|\| PAS -(n)t- \|\| \|\| ALT -z- \|\| PRO -k/g-
	\|-		\|-
	\| present -a- \|\| CAU -(n)k- \|\| \|\| TEN -s- \|\| HAB -t/d-		\| present -a- \|\| CAU -(n)k- \|\| \|\| TEN -s- \|\| HAB -t/d-

Fathermountain: /* Verbs */

2017-05-25T16:38:27Z

Verbs

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	As you might have guessed, neutral aspect is not marked. The remaining endings in the same order as listed above are as follows: -k/g-, -t/d-, -p/b-, -w-, -y-, -l-, -r-, and -n/m.		As you might have guessed, neutral aspect is not marked. The remaining endings in the same order as listed above are as follows: -k/g-, -t/d-, -p/b-, -w-, -y-, -l-, -r-, and -n/m.
	For some aspects there are two possibilities. Look at the letter that comes before the aspect indicator. If it is an unvoiced consonant, use the the choice that comes in front of the slash (unvoiced consonant). If the letter before is a vowel or a voiced consonant, then use the voiced option.		For some aspects there are two possibilities. Look at the letter that comes before the aspect indicator. If it is an unvoiced consonant, use the the choice that comes in front of the slash (unvoiced consonant). If the letter before is a vowel or a voiced consonant, then use the voiced option.
			<br />
			==== Verb Conjugations ====
			{\| class="wikitable"
			\|-
			! V- tense !! C- voice !! V !! C- mood !! C- aspect
			\|-
			\| past -i- \|\| ACT -(l/n)- \|\| Example \|\| IND — \|\| NEU —
			\|-
			\| recent past -e- \|\| PAS -(n)t- \|\| Example \|\| ALT -z- \|\| PRO -k/g-
			\|-
			\| present -a- \|\| CAU -(n)k- \|\| \|\| TEN -s- \|\| HAB -t/d-
			\|-
			\| near future -o- \|\| POT -(n)y- \|\| \|\| DUB -f- \|\| CON -p/b-
			\|-
			\| future -u- \|\| \|\| \|\| DEB -z'- \|\| DUR -w-
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| PER -s'- \|\| INC -y-
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| IMP -j- \|\| PAU -l-
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| REQ -t'- \|\| RSM -r-
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| HOR -d'- \|\| RES -n/m-
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| ADH -q- \|\|
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| CMM -c- \|\|
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| DES -v- \|\|
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| ESP -x- \|\|
			\|-
			\| \|\| \|\| \|\| AMA -h- \|\|
			\|}

Fathermountain: /* Verbs */

2017-05-25T16:26:30Z

Verbs

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:26, 25 May 2017
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	\|}		\|}
	The active voice is usually not marked in the affirmative, but if necessary there might be an l to represent it.		The active voice is usually not marked in the affirmative, but if necessary there might be an l to represent it.

	==== Mood ====		==== Mood ====
	Mood is used to roughly express how the speaker feels about the action. There are 14 moods in Vurásandi:<br />		Mood is used to roughly express how the speaker feels about the action. There are 14 moods in Vurásandi:<br />
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	* Esperative mood (ESP)- used to express hopes and dreams		* Esperative mood (ESP)- used to express hopes and dreams
	* Amative mood (AMA)- used to express likes		* Amative mood (AMA)- used to express likes
			<br />
			Indicative mood is not marked. The other endings in the same order as listed are as follows: -z-, -s-, -f-, -z'-, -s'-, -j-, -t'-, -d'-, -q-, -c-, -v-, -x-, and -h-.

	==== Aspect ====		==== Aspect ====
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	* Resumptative aspect (RSM)- used to talk about continuing where you left off.		* Resumptative aspect (RSM)- used to talk about continuing where you left off.
	* Resultative aspect (RES)- used to talk about finishing things.		* Resultative aspect (RES)- used to talk about finishing things.
			<br />
			As you might have guessed, neutral aspect is not marked. The remaining endings in the same order as listed above are as follows: -k/g-, -t/d-, -p/b-, -w-, -y-, -l-, -r-, and -n/m.
			For some aspects there are two possibilities. Look at the letter that comes before the aspect indicator. If it is an unvoiced consonant, use the the choice that comes in front of the slash (unvoiced consonant). If the letter before is a vowel or a voiced consonant, then use the voiced option.

Fathermountain: /* Aspect */

2017-05-25T16:17:55Z

Aspect

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:17, 25 May 2017
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	==== Aspect ====		==== Aspect ====
			Aspect is another feature used to distinguish how things happen relative to the flow of time. There are 9 different aspects in Vurásandi.
			* Neutral aspect (NEU)- the default aspect, with no relation to the flow of time.
			* Progressive aspect (PRO)- used to talk about things that are happening in the specific moment one is referring to.
			* Habitual aspect (HAB)- used to talk about things that happen regularly.
			* Continuous aspect (CON)- used to talk about things happening without stopping.
			* Durative aspect (DUR)- used to talk about things that only last a short time.
			* Inchoative aspect (INC)- used to talk about things just beginning to happen.
			* Pausative aspect (PAU)- used to talk about things stopping in the middle of happening.
			* Resumptative aspect (RSM)- used to talk about continuing where you left off.
			* Resultative aspect (RES)- used to talk about finishing things.