Riqian: Difference between revisions

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'''Riqian''' (''Riqīmā'' /rikʷiːmaː/) is an extinct Talmic language, a close relative of [[Thensarian]].
  |label1=[[Thensarian|Noble Thensarian]]
==Phonology==
  |1={{clade
Linking and intrusive /ʕ/ is used between word-final /aː eː oː/ and a following vowel
      |label1=Primitive Tígeł
      |1={{clade
            |label1=[[Old Tígeł]]
            |1={{clade
                |1=Modern [[Tígeł]]
                |2=Retroflex-y language
                |3=[[Bhadhagha]]
                |4=Hyper-Old Tígeł
              }}
          }}
      |label2=Gebochamic
      |2={{clade
                |1=[[Gebocham]]
                |2=[[Bênôcian]]
          }}
      |3=[[Nurian]]
      |4=[[Andarin]]
    }}
}}
==Swedishy Tígełic (read: Fóõ gib)==
*cémh > kjau
*tiothar > tjuthaḷ
*nág > nõg
*daó > do
*sailir > säliḷ
*stámh > stõu
*ródh > ḷadh > ladh
*loreth > loḷäth
*arbh > arv
*eór > jõḷ
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!rowspan="2" colspan="2"|
!rowspan="2"| Labial
!colspan="2"| Dental
!colspan="2"| Retroflex
!rowspan="2"| Palatal
!rowspan="2"| Velar
!rowspan="2"| Glottal
|-
!<small>central</small>
!<small>lateral</small>
!<small>central</small>
!<small>lateral</small>
|-
!colspan="2"|Nasal
| '''m''' m
| '''n''' n ||
| '''ṇ''' ɳ ||
| '''nj, ŋj''' ɲ
| '''ŋ''' ŋ
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|Stop
!<small>voiceless</small>
| '''p''' p
| '''t''' t ||
| '''ṭ''' ʈ ||
| '''tj, kj''' tɕ
| '''k''' k
|
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| '''b''' b
| '''d''' d || 
| '''ḍ''' ɖ || 
| '''dj, gj''' dʑ
| '''g''' g
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|Fricative
!<small>voiceless</small>
| '''f''' f
| '''s''' s || '''th''' ɬ
| '''ṣ''' ʂ || '''ṭh''' ꞎ
| '''sj, chj''' ɕ
| '''ch''' x
|rowspan="2"| '''h''' h
|-
!<small>voiced</small>
| '''v''' v
| '''z''' z || '''dh''' ɮ
| '''ẓ''' ʐ || '''ḍh''' ɮ˞ 
| '''zj, ghj''' ʑ
| '''gh''' ɣ
|-
!colspan="2"| Approximant
| '''w''' w || || '''l''' l || || '''ḷ''' ɭ || '''j''' j || ||
|}
 
Mutations:
bh ch dh fh gh mh ph sh th zh > v ch dh w gh w f h th 0
mb gc nd mhf ŋg bp nts dt > m g n v ŋ b z d
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! rowspan="2" |
! colspan="2" |Front
! colspan="2" |Back
|-
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>unrounded</small>
! style="width: 45px; " |<small>rounded</small>
|-
! style="" |Close
| '''i''' /i/
| '''ü''' /y/
|
| '''u''' /u/
|-
! style="" |Mid
| '''e''' /e/
| '''ö''' /ø/
| '''õ''' /ɤ/
| '''o''' /o/
|-
! style="" |Open
| '''ä''' /æ/
|
| '''a''' /ɑ/
|
|}
 
glides: '''-i/-u''' /-j -w/ < Old Tígeł ''-gh/-mh''
 
===Consonant reflexes===
''ndr, tr, thr, dr, dhr, sr, zsr, r'' = /ɳ ʈ ꞎ ɖ ɮ˞ ʂ ʐ ɭ/
 
===Vowel reflexes===
====Long vowels====
*''aé'' > ''e''
*''é'' > ''ja''
*''á'' > ''õ''
*''aó'' > ''o''
*''aói, ói'' > ''ö''
*''úi'' > ''ü''
*''ó'' > ''a''
*''í'' > ''i''
*''eá, eó'' > ''jõ''
*''eí'' > ''i''
*''eío'' > ''jo''
*''eú'' > ''jö''
*''iú'' > ''ju''
*''aí'' > ''e''
*''ú'' > ''u''
 
====Short vowels====
*''a, e, i, o, u'' > ''a, jä, i, o, u''?
*''ao, eo, io, aio'' > ''õ, jõ, ju, jo''?
*''ai, ei, oi/aoi, ui'' > ''ä, i, ö, ü''
 
==Proto-Tigalic==
*Aramaization: h > 0 x, ɣ > ħ, ʕ; θ, ð > t, d; f > h (except before /l/ and /r/); begadkefat
*general y~u, ȳ~ū merger
*ʕ > ŋ
*p t k b d g m n ŋ h r l v j + creaky voice
*a e i o u ā ē ī ō ū ai au
 
==Gebocham==
Uncanny-valley English with a Franco-Turkish flavor. Native name: ''Gebocham'' /dʒəbʌʃɑŋ/
*Vowels: æ ɪ i ʌ ə ʊ ʉ < a/ae ē/i ī ā/o/au e ō/u/y ū/ȳ
*Vowel harmony groups:
**high tense: i ʉ
**high lax: ɪ ʊ
**low: æ ʌ
**ə is neutral
*Rhotic vowels: [ɑɹ ɪɹ ɪɹ ɔɹ ɜɹ ʊɹ ʊɹ]
*"Nasal" vowels: [ɑŋ iŋ iŋ ɑŋ əŋ ɔŋ ɔŋ]
**All vowels may occur in open syllables e.g. dɹɪ
*Consonants: m n ŋ p t tʃ k ʔ b d dʒ g f s ʃ v z ʒ h ɹ l j
*I = /nʌ/
*thou = (m) /zɪɹ/, (f) /wɪɹ/
*he =
 
 
[[Category:Talmic languages|*]][[Category:Quihum languages]]

Latest revision as of 00:28, 7 September 2018

Riqian (Riqīmā /rikʷiːmaː/) is an extinct Talmic language, a close relative of Thensarian.

Phonology

Linking and intrusive /ʕ/ is used between word-final /aː eː oː/ and a following vowel

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