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Eḥeiθymmen Amran: Difference between revisions
→Voice
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When constructing these voices, the copula always remains in the second position. Any modal, other inflected verb, or infinitive remains at the end. For sentences not in need of a copula construction, such as the Perfective Past tense or the Imperfective Non-past tense, then the position otherwise held by the copula is instead held by the inflected verb, and is no longer at the end of the sentence. Similarly, in those tenses are being constructed with the modal plus the infinitive, then the modal is placed in the second position, and the infinitive is at the end. | When constructing these voices, the copula always remains in the second position. Any modal, other inflected verb, or infinitive remains at the end. For sentences not in need of a copula construction, such as the Perfective Past tense or the Imperfective Non-past tense, then the position otherwise held by the copula is instead held by the inflected verb, and is no longer at the end of the sentence. Similarly, in those tenses are being constructed with the modal plus the infinitive, then the modal is placed in the second position, and the infinitive is at the end. | ||
In the active voice, the verb may be either transitive or intransitive. In the anti-passive voice, the verb must be transitive. In the anti-active voice, the verb must be intransitive. | |||
'''1. Active voice construction''' | '''1. Active voice construction''' | ||
* N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>transitive</sub>'' | * N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>transitive</sub>'' | ||
* N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>modal</sub>'' + V''<sub>infinitive</sub>'' | * N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>modal</sub>'' + V''<sub>infinitive</sub>'' | ||
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* N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>modal</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>infinitive</sub>'' | * N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>modal</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>infinitive</sub>'' | ||
* ∅ + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>intransitive</sub>'' | * ∅ + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>intransitive</sub>'' | ||
* ∅ + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>modal</sub>'' + V''<sub>infinitive</sub>'' | * ∅ + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>absolutive</sub>'' + V''<sub>modal</sub>'' + V''<sub>infinitive</sub>'' | ||
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'''3. Anti-active voice construction''' | '''3. Anti-active voice construction''' | ||
* ∅ + | * ∅ + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>intransitive</sub>'' | ||
* ∅ + V''<sub>copula</sub>'' + N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>modal</sub>''+ V''<sub>infinitive</sub>'' | |||
* ∅ + V''<sub>intransitive</sub>'' + N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' | |||
* ∅ + V''<sub>modal</sub>'' + N''<sub>ergative</sub>'' + V''<sub>infinitive</sub>'' | |||
===Infinitive=== | ===Infinitive=== | ||