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Togarmite/Gzarot: Difference between revisions
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'''''Gzarot''''' (Hebrew, sg. ''gizra'') '''in Togarmite''' are variations of an inflectional (especially verbal) paradigm that are determined by the choice of consonants in the consonantal root. Thus, a paradigm has not only a regular gizra but various irregular ones, which occur most commonly when | '''''Gzarot''''' (Hebrew, sg. ''gizra'' 'figure, form, pattern') '''in Togarmite''' are variations of an inflectional (especially verbal) paradigm that are determined by the choice of consonants in the consonantal root. Thus, a paradigm has not only a regular gizra but various irregular ones, which occur most commonly when | ||
* the consonantal root contains a "guttural" (''ʔ ȝ h'') or a semivowel (''j w''); | * the consonantal root contains a "guttural" (''ʔ ȝ h'') or a semivowel (''j w''); | ||
* the consonantal root contains a ''n'', since ''nC'' tends to assimilate into ''CC'' | * the consonantal root contains a ''n'', since ''nC'' tends to assimilate into ''CC'' | ||
* the consonantal root has 2 letters. | * the consonantal root has 2 letters. | ||
==1-ʔ== | |||
==1-h== | |||
==1-ȝ== | |||
==1-y== | |||
==1-w== | |||
==1-n== | |||
==2-ȝ== | |||
*√t-ȝ-m 'to choose' | |||
===Binyan ''fȝal''=== | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | |||
|+ Binyan 1a conjugation: ''tȝam'' 'he chose' | |||
! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 2sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 1pl | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 2pl | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 3pl | |||
|- | |||
! past; conditional | |||
| ''tȝamti'' | |||
| ''tȝamt'' | |||
| ''tȝam'' | |||
| ''tȝamnė'' | |||
| ''tȝamtøm'' | |||
| ''tȝymu'' | |||
|- | |||
! present | |||
| ''ytȝam'' | |||
| ''tytȝam'' | |||
| ''jytȝam'' | |||
| ''nytȝam'' | |||
| ''tytȝymu'' | |||
| ''jytȝymu'' | |||
|- | |||
! w-form | |||
| ''wotȝam'' | |||
| ''wtytȝam'' | |||
| ''wėtȝam'' | |||
| ''wnytȝam'' | |||
| ''wtytȝymu'' | |||
| ''wėtȝymu'' | |||
|- | |||
! imperative | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''tȝam!'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''tȝymu!'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
|- | |||
! participle | |||
|colspan=3| ''tėȝem'' | |||
|colspan=3| ''tėȝemi'' | |||
|- | |||
! verbal noun | |||
|colspan=6| ''tȝėm'' | |||
|} | |||
==3-ʔ== | |||
==3-ȝ== | |||
==3-y== | |||
==3-w== | |||
''*mnāw'' = to count | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | |||
|+ ''myno'' 'he counted' | |||
! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 2sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 1pl | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 2pl | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 3pl | |||
|- | |||
! past; conditional | |||
| ''mynauti'' | |||
| ''mynaut'' | |||
| ''myno'' | |||
| ''mynaunė'' | |||
| ''mynautøm'' | |||
| ''mynu'' | |||
|- | |||
! present | |||
| ''ymnu'' | |||
| ''tymnu'' | |||
| ''jymnu'' | |||
| ''nymnu'' | |||
| ''tymnu'' | |||
| ''jymnu'' | |||
|- | |||
! present subjunctive | |||
| ''ymnun'' | |||
| ''tymnun'' | |||
| ''jymnun'' | |||
| ''nymnun'' | |||
| ''tymnun'' | |||
| ''jymnun'' | |||
|- | |||
! w-form | |||
| ''womnu'' | |||
| ''wtymnu'' | |||
| ''wėmnu'' | |||
| ''wnymnu'' | |||
| ''wtymnu'' | |||
| ''wemnu'' | |||
|- | |||
! imperative | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''mnu!'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''mnu!'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
|- | |||
! active participle | |||
|colspan=3| ''mėnu'' | |||
|colspan=3| ''mėnewi, mėni'' | |||
|- | |||
! passive participle | |||
|colspan=3| ''mynu'' | |||
|colspan=3| ''myni'' | |||
|- | |||
! verbal noun | |||
|colspan=6| ''mnoþ'' | |||
|} | |||
==2-consonant verbs== | |||
==Geminate verbs== | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;" | |||
|+ ''sybo'' 'he turned' | |||
! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 2sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 1pl | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 2pl | |||
! style="width: 75px; " | 3pl | |||
|- | |||
! past; conditional | |||
| ''sybauti'' | |||
| ''sybaut'' | |||
| ''sybo'' | |||
| ''sybaunė'' | |||
| ''sybautøm'' | |||
| ''sybu'' | |||
|- | |||
! present | |||
| ''ysbøb'' | |||
| ''tysbøb'' | |||
| ''jysbøb'' | |||
| ''nysbøb'' | |||
| ''tysbøbu'' | |||
| ''jysbøbu'' | |||
|- | |||
! present progressive | |||
| ''še wosbøb'' | |||
| ''še wtysbøb'' | |||
| ''še wėsbøb'' | |||
| ''še wnysbøb'' | |||
| ''še wtysbøbu'' | |||
| ''še wėsbøbu'' | |||
|- | |||
! present subjunctive | |||
| ''ysbøban'' | |||
| ''tysbøban'' | |||
| ''jysbøban'' | |||
| ''nysbøban'' | |||
| ''tysbøbun'' | |||
| ''jysbøbun'' | |||
|- | |||
! future | |||
| ''ėbe sbėb'' | |||
| ''tėbe sbėb'' | |||
| ''jėbe sbėb'' | |||
| ''nėbe sbėb'' | |||
| ''tėbu sbėb'' | |||
| ''jėbu sbėb'' | |||
|- | |||
! w-form | |||
| ''wosbøb'' | |||
| ''wtysbøb'' | |||
| ''wėsbøb'' | |||
| ''wnysbøb'' | |||
| ''wtysbøbu'' | |||
| ''wėsbøbu'' | |||
|- | |||
! imperative | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''sbøb!'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
| ''sbøbu!'' | |||
| ''-'' | |||
|- | |||
! active participle | |||
|colspan=3| ''sėbeb'' | |||
|colspan=3| ''sėbebi'' | |||
|- | |||
! passive participle | |||
|colspan=3| ''sbub'' | |||
|colspan=3| ''sbubi'' | |||
|- | |||
! verbal noun | |||
|colspan=6| ''sbėb'' | |||
|} | |||