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Loshi: Difference between revisions
→Allophony
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===Orthography=== | ===Orthography=== | ||
Loshi uses a variant of the Latin Alphabet, and | Loshi uses a variant of the Latin Alphabet, standardized with inspirations from German and Hungarian. | ||
====Alphabet==== | ====Alphabet==== | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Letter !! Name | ! Letter !! Name !! IPA | ||
|- | |- | ||
| a || Ani | | a || Ani || [ɐ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | á || Á || [ɑː] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | b || Bani || [pˀ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | g || Gani || [kˀ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | d || Däni || [tˀ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | e || Eni || [e] | ||
|- | |||
| é || É || [ɛː] | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | | i || Ini || [i] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | í || Í || [iː] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | k || Kani || [k] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | l || Laz || [ɫ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | n || Ná || [n] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | m ||Má || [m] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | o || Oni || [ɔ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | p || Pá || [p] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | s || Sani || [s] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | t || Tá || [t] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | u || U || [uː] | ||
|- | |||
| z ||Zani || [ʃ] | |||
|- | |||
| ä || Äni || [ɛ] | |||
|- | |||
| ë || Ëni || [ɛ] | |||
|} | |} | ||
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1. /n/ is realized as [ŋ] before /k/ or /x/ and [ŋˀ] before /kˀ/, but [ŋ] before [ɣ]. | 1. /n/ is realized as [ŋ] before /k/ or /x/ and [ŋˀ] before /kˀ/, but [ŋ] before [ɣ]. | ||
*: ''kunkuz'' [ | *: '''kunkuz''' /kunkuʃ/ = [kuŋkuʃ] | ||
*: ''ztunk'' [ | *: '''ztunk''' /ʃtunx/ = [ʃtuŋx] | ||
*: ''bangod'' [pˀɐŋˀkˀɔð] | *: '''bangod''' /pˀankˀɔd/ = [pˀɐŋˀkˀɔð] | ||
*: ''ljäsáng'' [ʎɛˈsɑːŋɣ] | *: '''ljäsáng''' /ʎɛˈsɑːnkˀ/ = [ʎɛˈsɑːŋɣ] | ||
2. /n/ is realized as [m] before [ɔ uː p ɸ] and as [ɲ] before [i iː]. | 2. /n/ is realized as [m] before [ɔ uː p ɸ] and as [ɲ] before [i iː]. | ||
*:''nikutlëz' | *:'''nikutlëz''' /niˈkutlɛʃ/ = [ɲiˈkutlɛʃ] | ||
*: '' | *: '''mínot''' /ˈmiːnɔt/ = [ˈmiːmɔθ] | ||
3. /p t k pˀ tˀ kˀ/ in coda position are realized as [ɸ θ x β ð ɣ], respectively. | 3. /p t k pˀ tˀ kˀ/ in coda position are realized as [ɸ θ x β ð ɣ], respectively. | ||
*: ''loknag'' [ɫɔx.nɐɣ] | *: '''loknag''' /lɔknakˀ/ [ɫɔx.nɐɣ] | ||
*: ''mip'' [miɸ] | *: '''mip''' /mip/ = [miɸ] | ||
*: ''ztát'' [ʃtɑːθ] | *: '''ztát''' /ʃtɑːt/ = [ʃtɑːθ] | ||
*: ''äkid'' [ɛkið] | *: '''äkid''' /ɛkitˀ/ = [ɛkið] | ||
*: '' | *: '''lokáb''' /lɔkɑːpˀ/ = [ɫɔˈkɑːβ] | ||
4. Following /i iː/, /k kˀ/ are realized as [ç ʝ], respectively. | 4. Following /i iː/, /k kˀ/ are realized as [ç ʝ], respectively. | ||
*: ''egig'' [ekˀiʝ] | *: '''egig''' /ekˀikˀ/ = [ekˀiʝ] | ||
*: '''tatik''' /tɐtik/ = [tɐtiç] | |||
5. /s/ is realized as [f] before [ɔ u] | |||
*: '' | *: '''subu''' /supˀu/ = [fupˀu] | ||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||