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'''''Gzarot''''' (Hebrew, sg. ''gizra'' 'figure, form, pattern') '''in Togarmite''' are variations of an inflectional (especially verbal) paradigm that are determined by the choice of consonants in the consonantal root. Thus, a paradigm has not only a regular gizra but various irregular ones, which occur most commonly when
'''''Gzarot''''' (Hebrew, sg. ''gizra'' 'figure, form, pattern') '''in Togarmite''' are variations of an inflectional (especially verbal) paradigm that are determined by the choice of consonants in the consonantal root. Thus, a paradigm has not only a regular gizra but various irregular ones, which occur most commonly when
* the consonantal root contains a "guttural" (''ʔ ȝ h'') or a semivowel (''j w'');
* the consonantal root contains a "guttural" (''ʔ ȝ ħ h'') or a semivowel (''y w'');
* the consonantal root contains a ''n'', since ''nC'' tends to assimilate into ''CC''
* the consonantal root contains a ''n'', since ''nC'' tends to assimilate into ''CC''
* the consonantal root has 2 letters.
* the consonantal root has 2 letters.
==2-ȝ==
==1-y==
===''φaȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''yabā́s'' 'he was dry'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past
| ''yabásθī''
| ''yabásθa''
| ''yabásθe''
| ''yabā́s''
| ''yabā́saθ''
| ''yabásnė''
| ''yabásθum''
| ''yabásθin''
| ''yabā́sū''
| ''yabásna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔėbḗs''
| ''θėbḗs''
| ''θėbḗsī''
| ''yėbḗs''
| ''yėbḗsī''
| ''nėbḗs''
| ''θėbḗsū''
| ''θėbísna''
| ''yėbḗsū''
| ''yėbísna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔȯbḗs''
| ''θȯbḗs''
| ''θȯbḗsī''
| ''yȯbḗs''
| ''yȯbḗsī''
| ''nȯbḗs''
| ''θȯbḗsū''
| ''θȯbísna''
| ''yȯbḗsū''
| ''yȯbísna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔȯbisánna''
| ''θȯbisánna''
| ''θȯbisínna''
| ''yȯbisánna''
| ''yȯbisínna''
| ''nȯbisánna''
| ''θȯbisúnna''
| ''θȯbisnánna''
| ''yȯbisúnna''
| ''yȯbisnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔȯ́bis''
| ''θȯ́bis''
| ''θȯ́bisī''
| ''yȯ́bis''
| ''yȯ́bisī''
| ''nȯ́bis''
| ''θȯ́bisū''
| ''θȯ́bisna''
| ''yȯ́bisū''
| ''yȯ́bisna''
|-
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''bḗs!''
| ''bḗsī!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''bḗsū!''
| ''bísna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''-''
|-
! passive participle
|colspan=10| ''yabū́s''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''yibė́s''
|}
 
==1-w==
===''φaȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''waθā́r'' 'he remained'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past
| ''waθárθī''
| ''waθárθa''
| ''waθárθe''
| ''waθā́r''
| ''waθā́raθ''
| ''waθárnė''
| ''waθárθum''
| ''waθárθin''
| ''waθārū''
| ''waθárna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔėθḗr''
| ''θėθḗr''
| ''θėθḗrī''
| ''yėθḗr''
| ''yėθḗrī''
| ''nėθḗr''
| ''θėθḗrū''
| ''θėθírna''
| ''yėθḗrū''
| ''yėθírna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔȯθḗr''
| ''θȯθḗr''
| ''θȯθḗrī''
| ''yȯθḗr''
| ''yȯθḗrī''
| ''nȯθḗr''
| ''θȯθḗrū''
| ''θȯθírna''
| ''yȯθḗrū''
| ''yȯθírna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔȯθiránna''
| ''θȯθiránna''
| ''θȯθirínna''
| ''yȯθiránna''
| ''yȯθirínna''
| ''nȯθiránna''
| ''θȯθirúnna''
| ''θȯθirnánna''
| ''yȯθirúnna''
| ''yȯθirnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔȯ́θir''
| ''θȯ́θir''
| ''θȯ́θirī''
| ''yȯ́θir''
| ''yȯ́θirī''
| ''nȯ́θir''
| ''θȯ́θirū''
| ''θȯ́θirna''
| ''yȯ́θirū''
| ''yȯ́θirna''
|-
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''θḗr!''
| ''θḗrī!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''θḗrū!''
| ''θírna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''-''
|-
! passive participle
|colspan=10| ''waθū́r''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''wiθė́r''
|}
 
===''nuφȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''nūrā́š'' 'it was inherited'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past
| ''nūrášθī''
| ''nūrášθa''
| ''nūrášθe''
| ''nūrā́š''
| ''nūrā́šaθ''
| ''nūrášnė''
| ''nūrášθum''
| ''nūrášθin''
| ''nūrā́šū''
| ''nūrášna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔuwwėrā́š''
| ''θuwwėrā́š''
| ''θuwwėrā́šī''
| ''yuwwėrā́š''
| ''yuwwėrā́šī''
| ''nuwwėrā́š''
| ''θuwwėrā́šū''
| ''θuwwėrášna''
| ''yuwwėrā́šū''
| ''yuwwėrášna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔuwwarā́š''
| ''θuwwarā́š''
| ''θuwwarā́šī''
| ''yuwwarā́š''
| ''yuwwarā́šī''
| ''nuwwarā́š''
| ''θuwwarā́šū''
| ''θuwwarášna''
| ''yuwwarā́šū''
| ''yuwwarášna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔuwwarašanna''
| ''θuwwarašanna''
| ''θuwwarašínna''
| ''yuwwarašánna''
| ''yuwwarašínna''
| ''nuwwarašanna''
| ''θuwwarašúnna''
| ''θuwwarašnánna''
| ''yuwwarašúnna''
| ''yuwwarašnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔúwwaraš''
| ''θúwwaraš''
| ''θúwwarašī''
| ''yúwwaraš''
| ''yúwwarašī''
| ''núwwaraš''
| ''θúwwarašū''
| ''θúwwarašna''
| ''yúwwarašū''
| ''yúwwarašna''
|-
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''huwwarā́š!''
| ''huwwarā́šī!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''huwwarā́šū!''
| ''huwwarášna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! participle
|colspan=10| ''muwwarā́š''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''nūrė́š''
|}
 
==1-n==
This irregularity can affect verbs up to the second consonant.
 
This creates some binyan ambiguity: ''nujjā́r'' may be the passive of the ''φa3āl'' stem ''najā́r'' or the passive of the ''φa33ēl'' stem ''najjḗr''. Such verbs often would take both paradigms freely.
 
Examples: ''naφāl'' 'he fell'; ''najār'' 'he guarded'
===''φaȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''najā́r'' 'he guarded, he watched, he kept'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past
| ''najárθī''
| ''najárθa''
| ''najárθe''
| ''najā́r''
| ''najā́raθ''
| ''najárnė''
| ''najárθum''
| ''najárθin''
| ''najā́rū''
| ''najárna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔanėjṓr''
| ''θanėjṓr''
| ''θanėjṓrī''
| ''yanėjṓr''
| ''yanėjṓrī''
| ''nanėjṓr''
| ''θanėjṓrū''
| ''θanėjúrna''
| ''yanėjṓrū''
| ''yanėjúrna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔajjṓr''
| ''θajjṓr''
| ''θajjṓrī''
| ''yajjṓr''
| ''yajjṓrī''
| ''najjṓr''
| ''θajjṓrū''
| ''θajjúrna''
| ''yajjṓrū''
| ''yajjúrna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔajjuránna''
| ''θajjuránna''
| ''θajjurī́nna''
| ''yajjuránna''
| ''yajjurī́nna''
| ''najjuránna''
| ''θajjurū́nna''
| ''θajjurnánna''
| ''yajjurū́nna''
| ''yajjurnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔájjur''
| ''θájjur''
| ''θájjurī''
| ''yájjur''
| ''yájjurī''
| ''nájjur''
| ''θájjurū''
| ''θájjurna''
| ''yájjurū''
| ''yajjurna''
|-
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''jōr!''
| ''jṓrī!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''jṓrū!''
| ''júrna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''nėjḗr''
|-
! passive participle
|colspan=10| ''najū́r''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''nijė́r''
|}
 
===''nuφȝāl''===
===''haφȝēl''===
===''huφȝāl''===
===''heθφaȝāl''===
===''niθφuȝāl''===
===''hastaφȝēl''===
===''hastuφȝāl''===
 
==1-ʔ==
==2-ʔ, 2-h, 2-ȝ and 2-ħ==
*√t-ȝ-m 'to choose'
*√t-ȝ-m 'to choose'


===Binyan 1a===
-ā/a- instead of -ō/u- before C3 in prefix conjugation
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 700px; text-align:center;"
===''φaȝāl''===
|+ Binyan 1a conjugation: ''tȝam'' 'he chose'
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
|+ ''taȝā́m'' 'he chose'
! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="width: 75px; " | 2sg
! style="" | 1sg
! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="width: 75px; " | 1pl
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="width: 75px; " | 2pl
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="width: 75px; " | 3pl
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past
| ''taȝámθī''
| ''taȝámθa''
| ''taȝámθe''
| ''taȝā́m''
| ''taȝā́maθ''
| ''taȝámnė''
| ''taȝámθum''
| ''taȝámθin''
| ''taȝā́mū''
| ''taȝámna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔatėȝā́m''
| ''θatėȝā́m''
| ''θatėȝā́mī''
| ''yatėȝā́m''
| ''yatėȝā́mī''
| ''natėȝā́m''
| ''θatėȝā́mū''
| ''θatėȝámna''
| ''yatėȝā́mū''
| ''yatėȝámna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔatȝā́m''
| ''θatȝā́m''
| ''θatȝā́mī''
| ''yatȝā́m''
| ''yatȝā́mī''
| ''natȝā́m''
| ''θatȝā́mū''
| ''θatȝámna''
| ''yatȝā́mū''
| ''yatȝámna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔatȝamánna''
| ''θatȝamánna''
| ''θatȝamī́nna''
| ''yatȝamánna''
| ''yatȝamī́nna''
| ''natȝamánna''
| ''θatȝamū́nna''
| ''θatȝamnánna''
| ''yatȝamū́nna''
| ''yatȝamnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔátȝam''
| ''θátȝam''
| ''θátȝamī''
| ''yátȝam''
| ''yátȝamī''
| ''nátȝam''
| ''θátȝamū''
| ''θátȝamna''
| ''yátȝamū''
| ''yatȝámna''
|-
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''taȝā́m!''
| ''taȝā́mī!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''taȝā́mū!''
| ''taȝā́mė!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''tėȝḗm''
|-
! passive participle
|colspan=10| ''matȝū́m''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''tiȝė́m''
|}
 
==3-y==
These verbs have 3sg.m past ''-ė'' from ''*-aya'' and ''-ē'' without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from ''*-iyu''. A lot of analogy has taken place in this gizra, as in Hebrew. Dialectal variation poses additional complexity, with forms ''yabnė́, yabnā́yī, yabnā́yū, yabnáyna'' being used for ''yabnḗ, yabnī́, yabnū́, yabnḗna'' in some dialects.
===''φaȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''banė́'' 'he built'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past; conditional
| ''banáyθī''
| ''banáyθa''
| ''banáyθe''
| ''banė́''
| ''banė́θ''
| ''banáynė''
| ''banáyθum''
| ''banáyθin''
| ''banė́w''
| ''banáyna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔabėnḗ''
| ''tabėnḗ''
| ''tabėnī́''
| ''yabėnḗ''
| ''yabėnī́''
| ''nabėnḗ''
| ''tabėnū́''
| ''tabėnḗna''
| ''yabėnū́''
| ''yabėnḗna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔabnḗ''
| ''tabnḗ''
| ''tabnī́''
| ''yabnḗ''
| ''yabnī́''
| ''nabnḗ''
| ''tabnū́''
| ''tabnḗna''
| ''yabnū́''
| ''yabnḗna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔabnénna''
| ''tabnénna''
| ''tabnī́nna''
| ''yabnénna''
| ''yabnī́nna''
| ''nabnénna''
| ''tabnū́nna''
| ''tabnēnánna''
| ''yabnū́nna''
| ''yabnēnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔábne''
| ''tábne''
| ''tábnī''
| ''yábne''
| ''yábnī''
| ''nábne''
| ''tábnū''
| ''tábnēna''
| ''yábnū''
| ''yábnēna''
|-
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''bunḗ!''
| ''bunī́!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''bunū́!''
| ''bunḗna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''bėnḗ''
|-
! passive participle
|colspan=10| ''banū́y''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''binė́θ''
|}
 
===''nuφȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''nubnė́'' 'it was built'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past; conditional
| ''nubnáyθī''
| ''nubnáyθa''
| ''nubnáyθe''
| ''nubnė́''
| ''nubnė́θ''
| ''nubnáynė''
| ''nubnáyθum''
| ''nubnáyθin''
| ''nubnė́w''
| ''nubnáyna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔubbėnḗ''
| ''tubbėnḗ''
| ''tubbėnī́''
| ''yubbėnḗ''
| ''yubbėnī́''
| ''nubbėnḗ''
| ''tubbėnū́''
| ''tubbėnḗna''
| ''yubbėnū́''
| ''yubbėnḗna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔubbanḗ''
| ''tubbanḗ''
| ''tubbanī́''
| ''yubbanḗ''
| ''yubbanī́''
| ''nubbanḗ''
| ''tubbanū́''
| ''tubbanḗna''
| ''yubbanū́''
| ''yubbanḗna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔubbanénna''
| ''tubbanénna''
| ''tubbanínna''
| ''yubbanénna''
| ''yubbanínna''
| ''nubbanénna''
| ''tubbanúnna''
| ''tubbanēnánna''
| ''yubbanúnna''
| ''yubbanēnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔúbbane''
| ''túbbane''
| ''túbbanī''
| ''yúbbane''
| ''yúbbanī''
| ''núbbane''
| ''túbbanū''
| ''túbbanēna''
| ''yúbbanū''
| ''yúbbanēna''
|-
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''hubbanḗ!''
| ''hubbanī́!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''hubbanū́!''
| ''hubbanḗna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! participle
|colspan=10| ''mubbanḗ''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''nubnė́θ''
|}
 
===''φaȝȝēl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''dammė́'' 'he likened, he modeled (sth after sth)'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
|-
! past; conditional
! past; conditional
| ''tȝamti''
| ''dammī́θī''
| ''tȝamt''
| ''dammī́θa''
| ''tȝam''
| ''dammī́θe''
| ''tȝamnė''
| ''dammė́''  
| ''tȝamtøm''
| ''dammė́θ''  
| ''tȝymu''
| ''dammī́nė''
| ''dammī́θum''
| ''dammī́θin''
| ''dammū́''
| ''dammī́na''
|-
|-
! present
! present
| ''ytȝam''
| ''ʔadamėmḗ''
| ''tytȝam''
| ''θadamėmḗ''
| ''jytȝam''
| ''θadamėmī́''
| ''nytȝam''
| ''yadamėmḗ''
| ''tytȝymu''
| ''yadamėmī́''
| ''jytȝymu''
| ''nadamėmḗ''
| ''θadamėmū́''
| ''θadamėmḗna''
| ''yadamėmū́''
| ''yadamėmḗna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔadammḗ''
| ''θadammḗ''
| ''θadammī́''
| ''yadammḗ''
| ''yadammī́''
| ''nadammḗ''
| ''θadammū́''
| ''θadammḗna''
| ''yadammū́''
| ''yadammḗna''
|-
|-
! w-form
! optative
| ''wotȝam''
| ''ʔadamménna''
| ''wtytȝam''
| ''θadamménna''
| ''wėtȝam''
| ''θadammínna''
| ''wnytȝam''
| ''yadamménna''
| ''wtytȝymu''
| ''yadammínna''
| ''wėtȝymu''
| ''nadamménna''
| ''θadammúnna''
| ''θadammēnánna''
| ''yadammúnna''
| ''yadammēnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔadámme''
| ''θadámme''
| ''θadámmī''
| ''yadámme''
| ''yadámmī''
| ''nadámme''
| ''θadámmū''
| ''θadámmēna''
| ''yadámmū''
| ''yadámmēna''
|-
|-
! imperative
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''tȝam!''
| ''dammḗ!''
| ''dammī́!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''tȝymu!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''dammū́!''
| ''dammḗna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
! participle
|colspan=10| ''mudammḗ''
|-
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''dammū́y''
|}
===''fuȝȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''dummė́'' 'it was likened, it was modeled (after sth)'
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="" | 1sg
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="" | 1pl
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
! past; conditional
| ''dummayθī''
| ''dummayθa''
| ''dummayθe''
| ''dummė́''
| ''dummė́θ''
| ''dummáynė''
| ''dummáyθum''
| ''dummáyθin''
| ''dummė́w''
| ''dummáyna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔadumėmḗ''
| ''θadumėmḗ''
| ''θadumėmī́''
| ''yadumėmḗ''
| ''yadumėmī́''
| ''nadumėmḗ''
| ''θadumėmū́''
| ''θadumėmḗna''
| ''yadumėmū́''
| ''yadumėmḗna''
|-
! future
| ''ʔadummḗ''
| ''θadummḗ''
| ''θadummī́''
| ''yadummḗ''
| ''yadummī́''
| ''nadummḗ''
| ''θadummū́''
| ''θadummḗna''
| ''yadummū́''
| ''yadummḗna''
|-
! optative
| ''ʔadumménna''
| ''θadumménna''
| ''θadummínna''
| ''yadumménna''
| ''yadummínna''
| ''nadumménna''
| ''θadummúnna''
| ''θadummēnánna''
| ''yadummúnna''
| ''yadummēnánna''
|-
! jussive
| ''ʔadúmme''
| ''tadúmme''
| ''tadúmmī''
| ''yadúmme''
| ''yadúmmī''
| ''nadúmme''
| ''tadúmmū''
| ''tadúmmēna''
| ''yadúmmū''
| ''yadúmmēna''
|-
! imperative
|colspan=10| ''-''
|-
|-
! participle
! participle
|colspan=3| ''tėȝem''
|colspan=10| ''mudummḗ''
|colspan=3| ''tėȝemi''
|-
|-
! verbal noun
! verbal noun
|colspan=6| ''tȝėm''
|colspan=10| ''-''
|}
|}
The other binyanim are similarly affected and have different conjugations based on whether the verb is of the form -C2ēC3 or -C2āC3. The part of the verb after C2 is affected by this irregularity.


==3-w==
==3-w==
These verbs have 3sg.m past ''-ō'' from ''*-awa'' and ''-ū'' without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from ''*-iwu''.
These verbs have 3sg.m past ''-ȯ'' from ''*-awa'' and ''-ū'' without gender/number affixes in the prefix conjugation, from ''*-iwu''.
===Binyan 1a===
===''φaȝāl''===
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:900px; text-align:center;"
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width:1000px; text-align:center;"
|+ ''manō'' 'he counted'
|+ ''manȯ́'' 'he counted'
! style="width: 75px; "| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style=""| → Person<br/>↓ Tense
! style="width: 75px; " | 1sg
! style="" | 1sg
! style="width: 75px; " | 2sg.m
! style="" | 2sg.m
! style="width: 75px; " | 2sg.f
! style="" | 2sg.f
! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg.m
! style="" | 3sg.m
! style="width: 75px; " | 3sg.f
! style="" | 3sg.f
! style="width: 75px; " | 1pl
! style="" | 1pl
! style="width: 75px; " | 2pl.m
! style="" | 2pl.m
! style="width: 75px; " | 2pl.f
! style="" | 2pl.f
! style="width: 75px; " | 3pl.m
! style="" | 3pl.m
! style="width: 75px; " | 3pl.f
! style="" | 3pl.f
|-
|-
! past; conditional
! past; conditional
| ''manawtī''
| ''manáwθī''
| ''manawta''
| ''manáwθa''
| ''manawti''
| ''manáwθe''
| ''manō''  
| ''manȯ́''  
| ''manōθ''  
| ''manȯ́θ''  
| ''manawnė''
| ''manáwnė''
| ''manawtum''  
| ''manáwθum''  
| ''manawtin''  
| ''manáwθin''  
| ''manū''  
| ''manū́''  
| ''manė''
| ''manáwna''
|-
! present
| ''ʔamėnṓ''
| ''θamėnṓ''
| ''θamėnī́''
| ''yamėnṓ''
| ''yamėnī́''
| ''namėnṓ''
| ''θamėnū́''
| ''θamėnṓna''
| ''yamėnū́''
| ''yamėnṓna''
|-
|-
! nonpast
! future
| ''amnū''
| ''ʔamnṓ''
| ''tamnū''
| ''θamnṓ''
| ''tamnī''
| ''θamnī́''
| ''yamnū''
| ''yamnṓ''
| ''yamnī''
| ''yamnī́''
| ''namnū''
| ''namnṓ''
| ''tamnū''
| ''θamnū́''
| ''tamnė''
| ''θamnṓna''
| ''yamnū''
| ''yamnū́''
| ''yamnė''
| ''yamnṓna''
|-
|-
! optative
! optative
| ''amnunna''
| ''ʔamnónna''
| ''tamnunna''
| ''θamnónna''
| ''tamnīnna''
| ''θamnínna''
| ''yamnunna''
| ''yamnónna''
| ''yamnīnna''
| ''yamnínna''
| ''namnunna''
| ''namnónna''
| ''tamnūnna''
| ''θamnúnna''
| ''tamnėnna''
| ''θamnōnánna''
| ''yamnūnna''
| ''yamnúnna''
| ''yamnėnna''
| ''yamnōnánna''
|-
|-
! jussive
! jussive
| ''amnu''
| ''ʔámnu''
| ''tamnu''
| ''θámnu''
| ''tamnī''
| ''θámnī''
| ''yamnu''
| ''yámnu''
| ''yamnī''
| ''yámnī''
| ''namnu''
| ''námnu''
| ''tamnū''
| ''θámnū''
| ''tamnė''
| ''θámnōna''
| ''yamnū''
| ''yámnū''
| ''yamnė''
| ''yámnōna''
|-
|-
! imperative
! imperative
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''manū!''
| ''munṓ!''
| ''manī!''
| ''munī!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''manū!''
| ''munū́!''
| ''manė!''
| ''munṓna!''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
| ''-''
|-
|-
! active participle
! active participle
|colspan=10| ''mėnū''
|colspan=10| ''mėnṓ''
|-
|-
! passive participle
! passive participle
Line 141: Line 976:
|-
|-
! verbal noun
! verbal noun
|colspan=10| ''manėθ''
|colspan=10| ''minėθ''
|}
|}
Other binyanim are affected similarly. The part after the C2 is affected.
==3-ʔ==
==3-ȝ and 3-ħ==
==Hollow==
==Geminate==
IlL
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