Proto-Hlou-Shum: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 04:56, 2 April 2014

Proto-Talsmic reconstructed consonants
		Labial	Alveolar	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Nasal		*m	*n
Plosive	voiceless	*p	*t	*c	*k	*q	*ʔ
	voiced	*b	*d	*ɟ	*g
	aspirated	*pʰ	*tʰ	*cʰ	*kʰ	*qʰ
Fricative	voiceless		*s	*ç			*h
Fricative	voiced		*z	*ƶ		*ʁ
Approximant		*w		*j
Trill			*r
Lateral app.			*l

/qʰ/ may have been realized as an affricate, [qχ].

*qʰ > *χ
*ʔ=ʔ > *ʔ
*nr > *ndr, *lr > *ldr
*mʔ, *nʔ, *lʔ, *rʔ > *mp, *nt, *lt, *rt; *mh, *nh, *lh, *rh > *mɸ, *nθ, *lθ, *rθ
*kʰ *cʰ *tʰ *pʰ > *x *ç *θ *ɸ
*ēj > *ie
Pronominal grammaticalization begins
*ie often > *i / _#
*c > *ŧ
*ç *ƶ
- > *θ *ð
- > *ɸ _C[+coronal +plosive/affricate]
*k > *x / _{d, t, ŧ}
*tk, *ck *tkʰ/kʰ > *xt, *xŧ, *kθ
*q *χ > *ʡ *ħ
*ʁ
- > *ʕ except...
- > *w / _C[+voiced] or _V[+close]
Themsaran rhotacization: *z > *r / V_C[-semivowel, +voiced, ~{/z/}]
coronal obstruent + sibilant_i > sibilant_isibilant_i
*oi *ui > *ȳ
*ou > *ū
Tonogenesis event: *=ʔ > word-final tonic syllable
*u, *w > *y / C_#
*CC[+resonant]{C, #} > *CyC[+resonant]{C, #}
- Cyı{C, #} > Ci{C, #}
CC[-resonant]C > CiC[-resonant]C
*ıy[ː] > i[ː]
Verbal tone patterns are established
*w > *v
*ʕ > *ħ
*h
- > [ː~] / _C[+fricative]
- > [~ː] / _#
*ʔ
- > [ː~] / _C
- > [~ː] / _#
- > 0 / otherwise
*ʡ
- > ħ / _{*t, *ŧ}

@@ Line 127: / Line 127: @@
 #''*k'' > ''*x'' / _{''d'', ''t'', ''ŧ''}
 #''*tk'', ''*ck'' ''*tkʰ/kʰ'' > ''*xt'', ''*xŧ'', ''*kθ''
-#''Tonogenesis event:'' ''*=ʔ'' > word-final tonic syllable
 #''*q *χ'' > ''*ʡ *ħ''
 #''*ʁ''
@@ Line 136: / Line 135: @@
 #''*oi *ui'' > ''*ȳ''
 #''*ou'' > ''*ū''
+#''Tonogenesis event:'' ''*=ʔ'' > word-final tonic syllable
 #''*u, *w'' > ''*y'' / C_#
 #''*''CC[+resonant]{C, #} > ''*''CyC[+resonant]{C, #}