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|name = Muna | |name = Muna | ||
|nativename = [[File:MunaScript 2.8 m.svg|x45px]][[File:MunaScript 2.8 u.svg|x45px]][[File:MunaScript 2.8 n.svg|x45px]][[File:MunaScript 2.8 a.svg|x45px]] | |nativename = [[File:MunaScript 2.8 m.svg|x45px]][[File:MunaScript 2.8 u.svg|x45px]][[File:MunaScript 2.8 n.svg|x45px]][[File:MunaScript 2.8 a.svg|x45px]] | ||
|pronunciation = | |pronunciation = ˈmuna | ||
|familycolor = Language isolate | |familycolor = Language isolate | ||
| | |ancestor = Proto-Muna | ||
|creator = [[User:MIGUELbM|Miguel Bartelsman]] | |||
|creator = Miguel Bartelsman | |||
|created = 2015 | |created = 2015 | ||
|setting = Fantasy world | |setting = Fantasy world | ||
| | |scripts = * Krotan alphabet | ||
* Latin alphabet | |||
}} | }} | ||
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* Can’t have the same manner of articulation as a preceding coda | * Can’t have the same manner of articulation as a preceding coda | ||
'''Medial (μ)''' | '''Medial (μ)''' | ||
* Medials | * Medials are optional | ||
* Liquids are only allowed after stops or fricatives | * Liquids are only allowed after stops or fricatives | ||
* Plosives are only allowed after /s/ | |||
* /s/ Is only allowed after nasals or liquids | * /s/ Is only allowed after nasals or liquids | ||
* /s/ is forbidden on a first syllable or after a syllable with coda | * /s/ is forbidden on a first syllable or after a syllable with coda | ||
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==Verbs== | ==Verbs== | ||
===Phonotactic restrictions=== | |||
Verbs must end in one of the following patterns: | |||
*<code>-a</code> | |||
*<code>-an</code> | |||
===Dependency structure=== | ===Dependency structure=== | ||
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| style="padding: 4px 15px;" | Root | | style="padding: 4px 15px;" | Root | ||
| style="padding: 4px 15px;" | Aspect | | style="padding: 4px 15px;" | Aspect | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|'''Gnomic''' | |'''Gnomic''' | ||
|{{abbtip| | |{{abbtip|Gnomic|gno|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Expresses general truths and aphorisms in which time structure is irrelevant | | style="text-align:left;" | Expresses general truths and aphorisms in which time structure is irrelevant | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Perfective''' | |'''Perfective''' | ||
|{{abbtip| | |{{abbtip|Perfective|pfv|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Indicates an event viewed in its entirety, without reference to its temporal structure during its occurrence. | | style="text-align:left;" | Indicates an event viewed in its entirety, without reference to its temporal structure during its occurrence. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Imperfective''' | |'''Imperfective''' | ||
|{{abbtip| | |{{abbtip|Imperfective|ipfv|sc}} | ||
| -∅ | | -∅ | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Indicates an action which is ongoing, evolving and/or habitual. | | style="text-align:left;" | Indicates an action which is ongoing, evolving and/or habitual. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Ingressive''' | |'''Ingressive''' | ||
|{{abbtip| | |{{abbtip|Ingressive|ingr|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Marks the beginning of a new action or the acquisition of a state. | | style="text-align:left;" | Marks the beginning of a new action or the acquisition of a state. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Pausative''' | |'''Pausative''' | ||
|{{abbtip| | |{{abbtip|Pausative|paus|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Marks the atelic cessation of an action and may imply a future continuation. | | style="text-align:left;" | Marks the atelic cessation of an action and may imply a future continuation. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Resumptive''' | |'''Resumptive''' | ||
|{{abbtip| | |{{abbtip|Resumptive|res|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Marks the continuation of an unfinished or unfinishable action. | | style="text-align:left;" | Marks the continuation of an unfinished or unfinishable action. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|'''Egressive''' | |'''Egressive''' | ||
|{{abbtip| | |{{abbtip|Egressive|egr|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Marks the cessation and completion of an action. | | style="text-align:left;" | Marks the cessation and completion of an action. | ||
|} | |} | ||
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==Nouns== | ==Nouns== | ||
===Phonotactic restrictions=== | |||
All nouns, in their base form, must have one of the following ending patterns: | |||
* <code>-a(C)(C)</code> | |||
* <code>-e(C)(C)</code> | |||
* <code>-i(C)(C)</code> | |||
===Noun classes=== | |||
'''Gender''' | |||
*Masculine | |||
*:Last vowel is <code>e, ei</code> | |||
*Feminine | |||
*:Last vowel is <code>a, ai</code> | |||
*Neuter | |||
*:Last vowel is <code>i</code> | |||
'''Strength''' | |||
*Weak | |||
*:The word ends in a vowel | |||
*Strong | |||
*:The word ends in a consonant | |||
===Dependency structure=== | ===Dependency structure=== | ||
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| style="padding: 4px 15px;" | Case | | style="padding: 4px 15px;" | Case | ||
| style="padding: 4px 15px;" | Number | | style="padding: 4px 15px;" | Number | ||
|} | |} | ||
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| '''Nominative''' | | '''Nominative''' | ||
|{{abbtip|Nominative|nom|sc}} | |{{abbtip|Nominative|nom|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | The nominative case marks the agent or voluntary experiencer of the action, it is also the citation form. | | style="text-align:left;" | The nominative case marks the agent or voluntary experiencer of the action, it is also the citation form. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Absolutive''' | | '''Absolutive''' | ||
|{{abbtip|Absolutive|abs|sc}} | |{{abbtip|Absolutive|abs|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | The absolutive case marks the patient or involuntary experiencer of the action. | | style="text-align:left;" | The absolutive case marks the patient or involuntary experiencer of the action. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Dative''' | | '''Dative''' | ||
|{{abbtip|Dative|dat|sc}} | |{{abbtip|Dative|dat|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | The dative case marks the indirect object, often the recipient or beneficiary of the action | | style="text-align:left;" | The dative case marks the indirect object, often the recipient or beneficiary of the action | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Genitive''' | | '''Genitive''' | ||
|{{abbtip|Genitive|grn|sc}} | |{{abbtip|Genitive|grn|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | The genitive marks indicates ownership of or relation with something | | style="text-align:left;" | The genitive marks indicates ownership of or relation with something | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Locative''' | | '''Locative''' | ||
|{{abbtip|Locative|loc|sc}} | |{{abbtip|Locative|loc|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | The locative indicates a location for the action (whether it is origin, destination, means or other depends on the verb) | | style="text-align:left;" | The locative indicates a location for the action (whether it is origin, destination, means or other depends on the verb) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Instrumental''' | | '''Instrumental''' | ||
|{{abbtip|Instrumental|ins|sc}} | |{{abbtip|Instrumental|ins|sc}} | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | The instrumental marks a tool or person with which the action was carried out | | style="text-align:left;" | The instrumental marks a tool or person with which the action was carried out | ||
|} | |} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| '''Plural''' | | '''Plural''' | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Multiple instances | | style="text-align:left;" | Multiple instances | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | ''pens'' | | style="text-align:left;" | ''pens'' | ||
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| rowspan="3" | '''<div style="transform:rotate(270deg)">Mass</div>''' | | rowspan="3" | '''<div style="transform:rotate(270deg)">Mass</div>''' | ||
| '''Singulative''' | | '''Singulative''' | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Single unit of the instance | | style="text-align:left;" | Single unit of the instance | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | ''a drop of water'' | | style="text-align:left;" | ''a drop of water'' | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| '''Plurative''' | | '''Plurative''' | ||
| | | | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | Multiple instances | | style="text-align:left;" | Multiple instances | ||
| style="text-align:left;" | ''waters'' | | style="text-align:left;" | ''waters'' | ||
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==Muna Versions== | ==Muna Versions== | ||
* [[User:MIGUELbM/Muna_v2.1|Muna v2.1]] | |||
* [[Muna/ | * [[User:MIGUELbM/Muna_v2.9|Muna v2.9]] | ||
* ''[[User:MIGUELbM/Muna_v2.10|Muna v2.10]]'' |