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Old Shalaian/Syntax: Difference between revisions
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Verbal wh-questions are always cleft sentences: The material after the wh-word becomes a relative clause with the wh-word as the head. The relative clause can be a ''cha''-clause vs. a ''vi''-clause: | Verbal wh-questions are always cleft sentences: The material after the wh-word becomes a relative clause with the wh-word as the head. The relative clause can be a ''cha''-clause vs. a ''vi''-clause: | ||
:'''''Yan vi | :'''''Yan vi u shaanf inágħdi?''''' | ||
:yan vi in-għád-i u shaanf | :yan vi in-għád-i u shaanf | ||
:what VI.PRES 3SG.A-see-INF DEF.SG.A woman | :what VI.PRES 3SG.A-see-INF DEF.SG.A woman | ||
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A verbal ''vi''-clause has the form | A verbal ''vi''-clause has the form | ||
(when intransitive) vi-preverb + verb.INF | (when intransitive) vi-preverb + other constituents verb.INF | ||
or | or | ||
(when transitive) vi-preverb + POSSESSIVE_i-verb.INF + ergative noun_i + other constituents. | (when transitive) vi-preverb + POSSESSIVE_i-verb.INF + ergative noun_i + other constituents. | ||
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vi-preverb predicate. | vi-preverb predicate. | ||
===='' | ====''če''-clauses==== | ||
Forms of '' | Forms of ''če'' are used when the head of the relative clause is NOT absolutive. Unlike ''vi''-clauses, ''če''-clauses use finite verbs and are more syntactically straightforward. Resumptive pronouns (referring back to the head) are usually used in a ''če''-clause, either on the verb or on other constituents. | ||
===Complement clauses=== | ===Complement clauses=== | ||