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* /h/ is never dropped except in some complex clusters, after an aspirate or a fricative. It is usually [h~ɦ], but is [ħ̞] (weakly fricated [ħ]) before or after /ɑ/ or /æ/. | * /h/ is never dropped except in some complex clusters, after an aspirate or a fricative. It is usually [h~ɦ], but is [ħ̞] (weakly fricated [ħ]) before or after /ɑ/ or /æ/. | ||
* Aspirated stops (written as voiceless in the orthography) are consistently aspirated; single unaspirated stops may be weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) or completely devoiced (as in Icelandic). Single aspirated stops are also slightly longer than single unaspirated ones. Unaspirated geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. | * Aspirated stops (written as voiceless in the orthography) are consistently aspirated; single unaspirated stops may be weakly voiced (as in German and Irish) or completely devoiced (as in Icelandic). Single aspirated stops are also slightly longer than single unaspirated ones. Unaspirated geminate stops are realized as voiceless unaspirated. Geminated and word-final aspirated stops are preglottalized. | ||
* Unaspirated stops are often voiced after voiced sounds (voiced fricatives, rosonants and vowels). However, unaspirated stops are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant: ''nectbw'' [ˈnɛk̟ʰtʲʰp⁼ü] 'we will write', and when they are geminated: ''mitcebbir'' [m{{laxi}}t{{lam}}{{pal}}'k{{adv}}{{laxe}}p:ər{{pal}}] 'arrogant'. | * Unaspirated stops are often voiced after voiced sounds (voiced fricatives, rosonants and vowels). However, unaspirated stops are always devoiced after a voiceless or aspirated consonant: ''nectbw'' [ˈnɛk̟ʰtʲʰp⁼ü] 'we will write', and when they are geminated: ''mitcebbir'' [m{{laxi}}t{{lam}}{{pal}}ʰ'k{{adv}}ʰ{{laxe}}p:ər{{pal}}] 'arrogant'. | ||
* Word-final geminates surface as compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel (cf. Irish and Hebrew diachronics). | * Word-final geminates surface as compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel (cf. Irish and Hebrew diachronics). | ||
* Emphatic consonants have the feature +RTR (retracted tongue root). Emphatic unaspirated stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ̟/ is particularly prone to devoicing. | * Emphatic consonants have the feature +RTR (retracted tongue root). Emphatic unaspirated stops tend to be less voiced than their nonemphatic counterparts; /ɢ̟/ is particularly prone to devoicing. | ||