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User:Chrysophylax/Sketches/caer: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 07:38, 13 January 2015
, 13 January 2015→Verbal morphology
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:‘I make you grieve’<ref>Sammina, Karolyna. (2011). ''Yneaqyn: Songs of the Vá''</ref> | :‘I make you grieve’<ref>Sammina, Karolyna. (2011). ''Yneaqyn: Songs of the Vá''</ref> | ||
====Number==== | |||
Number is obligatorily marked on the verb and distinguishes between a singular ({{sc|sg}}) and a plural ({{sc|pl}}) depending on the amount of arguments in a verb, thus it can be said that the distinction between actor and undergoer blurs in Caer when it comes to number. | |||
====Aspect==== | ====Aspect==== | ||
There are three aspects: imperfective ({{sc|ipfv}}), perfective ({{sc|pfv}}), extemporaneous ({{sc|ext}}). These are morphologically marked | There are three aspects: imperfective ({{sc|ipfv}}), perfective ({{sc|pfv}}), extemporaneous ({{sc|ext}}). These are morphologically and obligatorily marked on verbs using a set of affixes which follow the base. They are however completely optional if the verb in question follows a previously marked verb sharing the same aspect. | ||
(3.) | |||
:{| | |||
|- | |||
|''arsila atehavenn, aneatyr arsila, veleran'' | |||
|- | |||
|arsila||a-teha-ve-nn||a-nea-Ø-tyr||arsila||veler-an | |||
|- | |||
|man.{{sc|abs}}||{{sc|sg}}-chase-{{sc|ext}}-{{sc|antipass}}||{{sc|sg}}-die-{{sc|ext}}-{{sc|sc|refl}}||man.{{sc|abs}}||life-{{sc|erg}} | |||
|- | |||
|‘Man hunts. Man dies. Such is life.’<ref>Sammina, Karolyna. (2011). ''Yneaqyn: Songs of the Vá''</ref> | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
=====Imperfective===== | =====Imperfective===== | ||
The imperfective is marked with the suffix '''-ta''' /θæ˥˩/. | The imperfective is marked with the suffix '''-ta''' /θæ˥˩/. | ||
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The most basic is the unmarked active which is used for sentences with a transitive verb and an object. | The most basic is the unmarked active which is used for sentences with a transitive verb and an object. | ||
( | (3.) | ||
:{| | :{| | ||
|- | |- | ||
|''valcaxan | |''valcaxan cavaertase'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
|valcaxa-an|| | |valcaxa-an||ca-vaer-ta-Ø-se | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Maker-{{sc|erg}}||{{sc| | |Maker-{{sc|erg}}||{{sc|pl}}-strike-{{sc|ipfv}}-{{sc|act}}-{{sc|2sg}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
|‘You are cursed with ill-fortune’ (lit. maker strikes you) | |‘You are cursed with ill-fortune’ (lit. maker strikes you) | ||
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====Person affixes==== | ====Person affixes==== | ||
===Nominal morphology=== | ===Nominal morphology=== | ||